Bivalvia | Unionida

superfamily HYRIOIDEA Swainson, 1840: cladomics

1 family

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 94 (125 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: family) = 1
analyzed in 109 cladograms in 57 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 29 (mean = 4.38, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 64
maximum number of included terminals = 29, (mean = 6.75 median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Hyrioidea cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Hyrioidea cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 4 4 2 1 36 35 2 ** 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.848 4 4 2 1 13 12 2 5.5 
  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
  |     +-------- Unionini        
--+  +--+                         
  |  |  |  +----- Pleurobemini    
  |  |  +--+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini      
  +--+     +--+                   
     |        +-- Lampsilini      
     |                            
     |  +-------- Parreysiini     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Coelaturini     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Hyriidae **        
           +--+                   
              +-- Etherioidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.958 1 1 0 1 29 28 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.958 1 1 0 1 29 28 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.891 5 5 3 1 29 28 2 7.0 
  +-------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                     
  |           +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |        +--+                      
  |  |           |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+           +--+                   
     |              +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                  
     |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Pseudomulleria  
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Anodontini      
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Gonideinae      
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Unionini        
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Margaritiferidae
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.817 5 5 1 1 26 25 2 7.0 
  +----------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Amblemini       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Eurynia         
--+  |                               
  |  +-------------- Fusconaia       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Gonideinae      
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Pleurobema      
  |  |                               
  +--+-------------- Quadrulini      
     |                               
     |  +----------- Ortmanniana     
     +--+                            
     |  |  +-------- Glebula         
     |  +--+                         
     |     |  +----- Potamilus       
     |     +--+                      
     |        |  +-- Ligumia         
     |        +--+                   
     |           +-- Toxolasma       
     |                               
     |  +----------- Cyrtonaias      
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unionini        
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodontini      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Hyriidae **        
              +--+                   
                 +-- Etherioidea

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.917 5 5 3 1 26 25 2 7.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.900 5 5 3 1 26 25 2 7.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.900 5 5 2 1 26 25 2 7.0 
  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Hyriidae **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.967 5 5 3 1 26 25 2 7.0 
  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.974 9 9 7 1 38 37 2 7.5 
  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.857 10 10 7 1 26 25 2 13.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.897 9 9 7 1 38 37 2 7.5 
  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                 +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------------+                         
  |  |              |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |              +--+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+                 +--+                   
     |                    +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria  
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Unioninae       
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Rectidentini    
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Ambleminae      
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Pseudodontini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.908 9 9 7 1 37 36 2 7.5 
  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                       +-- Etheria         
  |                    +--+                   
--+                    |  +-- Mulleria        
  |  +-----------------+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mycetopodidae   
  |  |                 +--+                   
  +--+                    +-- Iridinidae      
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Pseudomulleria  
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Rectidentini    
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Unioninae       
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.922 9 9 7 1 37 36 2 7.5 
  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
  |                                  
  |           +----- Margaritiferidae
--+  +--------+                      
  |  |        |  +-- Hyriidae **        
  |  |        +--+                   
  +--+           +-- Etherioidea     
     |                               
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Rectidentini    
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Unioninae       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Gonideini       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Ambleminae

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.946 4 4 2 1 32 31 2 0.0 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.946 4 4 2 1 32 31 2 0.0 
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 1 1 0 1 4 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 1 1 0 1 4 3 2 -- 
     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.946 14 14 12 1 6 5 2 10.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Unionoidea 
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
  +----- Unionidae       
  |                      
--+----- Hyriidae **        
  |                      
  |  +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
     +-- Margaritiferidae

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 1 1 0 1 5 3 2 -- 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.955 9 9 7 1 21 18 2 7.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.955 9 9 7 1 21 18 2 7.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 2 2 0 1 79 78 2 -- 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.920 9 9 7 1 130 128 2 7.0 
  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.856 9 9 7 1 130 128 2 7.0 
                       +-- Chamberlainia   
  +--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                                        
  |                    +-- Etherioidea     
--+--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Hyriidae **        
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
  +--+                                     
     |  +----------------- Unioninae       
     +--+                                  
        |  +-------------- Rectidentini    
        +--+                               
           |  +----------- Ambleminae      
           +--+                            
              |  +-------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Gonideini       
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Sinohyriopsis   
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Lamprotulini

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.980 1 1 0 1 24 23 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.980 1 1 0 1 24 23 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.923 3 3 1 1 12 10 2 3.0 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.974 3 3 1 1 12 10 2 1.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 3 3 1 1 28 26 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.959 3 3 1 1 26 24 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 41 40 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.953 3 3 1 1 25 23 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.953 3 3 1 1 25 23 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.899 14 14 12 1 187 185 2 10.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.972 1 1 0 1 55 54 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.893 14 14 12 1 185 183 2 10.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.824 14 14 9 1 187 185 2 11.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.985 1 1 0 1 45 45 2 -- 
  +-------- Unionidae       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 56 55 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.990 1 1 0 1 56 55 2 -- 
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.928 5 5 3 1 36 35 2 5.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.928 5 5 3 1 36 35 2 5.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.948 2 2 0 1 120 118 2 -- 
  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.941 3 3 1 1 31 29 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 47 46 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.922 3 3 1 1 31 29 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.926 3 3 1 1 66 64 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.926 3 3 1 1 66 64 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.926 3 3 1 1 66 64 2 3.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.965 3 3 1 1 88 86 2 4.0 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.966 1 1 0 1 72 71 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.966 1 1 0 1 72 71 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.964 1 1 0 1 67 66 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.947 3 3 1 1 88 86 2 4.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.988 1 1 0 1 72 72 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.990 1 1 0 1 94 93 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.960 1 1 0 1 94 93 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.980 1 1 0 1 90 89 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.980 1 1 0 1 90 89 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.990 1 1 0 1 86 86 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.978 1 1 0 1 84 84 2 -- 
  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.943 2 2 0 1 24 22 2 -- 
  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.943 5 5 3 1 135 134 2 5.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Prié et al., 2026 [Publ 4844], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.886 20 20 15 1 3 3 2 17.0 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Unionoidea 
  +--+              
     +-- Hyriidae **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.737 29 29 34 1 604 602 2 34.0 
                       +----------------------------- Iridininae                
                       |                                                        
  +--------------------+  +-------------------------- Aspathariinae             
  |                    |  |                                                     
  |                    +--+  +----------------------- Etheria                   
  |                       |  |                                                  
  |                       +--+  +-------------------- Anodontites_trapesialis   
  |                          |  |                                               
  |                          +--+  +----------------- Mulleria                  
  |                             |  |                                            
  |                             +--+  +-------------- Lamproscapha              
  |                                |  |                                         
  |                                +--+           +-- Monocondylaea             
  |                                   |  +--------+                             
  |                                   |  |        +-- Tamsiella                 
  |                                   +--+                                      
  |                                      |  +-------- Mycetopodinae             
--+                                      |  |                                   
  |                                      +--+     +-- Anodontites_guanarensis   
  |                                         |  +--+                             
  |                                         |  |  +-- Fossula                   
  |                                         +--+                                
  |                                            |  +-- Anodontites_trigona       
  |                                            +--+                             
  |                                               +-- Anodontites_elongata      
  |                                                                             
  |  +----------------------------------------------- Hyriidae **                  
  |  |                                                                          
  |  |                          +-------------------- Unioninae                 
  |  |                          |                                               
  |  |  +-----------------------+  +----------------- Lamellidens               
  |  |  |                       |  |                                            
  |  |  |                       +--+              +-- Balwantia                 
  +--+  |                          |  +-----------+                             
     |  |                          |  |           +-- Trapezidens               
     |  |                          +--+                                         
     |  |                             |  +----------- Leoparreysiini            
     |  |                             +--+                                      
     |  |                                |  +-------- Pseudomulleria            
     |  |                                +--+                                   
     +--+                                   |  +----- Indochinellini            
        |                                   +--+                                
        |                                      |  +-- Parreysiini               
        |                                      +--+                             
        |                                         +-- Coelaturini               
        |                                                                       
        |  +----------------------------------------- Rectidentini              
        |  |                                                                    
        |  |  +-------------------------------------- Margaritiferidae          
        |  |  |                                                                 
        +--+  |  +----------------------------------- Ambleminae                
           |  |  |                                                              
           |  |  |     +----------------------------- Indopseudodontina         
           |  |  |     |                                                        
           |  |  |     |                          +-- Lannanaia                 
           +--+  |  +--+  +-----------------------+                             
              |  |  |  |  |                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha            
              |  |  |  |  |                                                     
              |  |  |  +--+  +----------------------- Songkhlanaia              
              |  |  |     |  |                                                  
              |  |  |     |  |                    +-- Nyeinchanconcha           
              |  |  |     +--+  +-----------------+                             
              |  |  |        |  |                 +-- Sundadontina              
              +--+  |        |  |                                               
                 |  |        |  |                 +-- Isannaia                  
                 |  |        +--+              +--+                             
                 |  |           |              |  +-- Namkongnaia               
                 |  |           |  +-----------+                                
                 |  |           |  |           |  +-- Thaiconcha                
                 |  |           |  |           +--+                             
                 |  |           +--+              +-- Bineurus                  
                 |  |              |                                            
                 |  |              |  +-------------- Pseudodon_walpolei        
                 |  |              |  |                                         
                 |  |              +--+  +----------- Pseudodon_vagulus         
                 |  |                 |  |                                      
                 |  |                 |  |     +----- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
                 +--+                 +--+  +--+                                
                    |                    |  |  |  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi         
                    |                    |  |  +--+                             
                    |                    +--+     +-- Schepmaniini              
                    |                       |                                   
                    |                       |  +----- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__2  
                    |                       +--+                                
                    |                          |  +-- Pseudodon_inoscularis     
                    |                          +--+                             
                    |                             +-- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__1  
                    |                                                           
                    |           +-------------------- Chamberlainiini           
                    |           |                                               
                    |        +--+  +----------------- Parvasolenaia             
                    |        |  |  |                                            
                    |        |  +--+  +-------------- Pseudopostolata           
                    |        |     |  |                                         
                    |        |     +--+  +----------- Koreosolenaia             
                    |        |        |  |                                      
                    |        |        +--+        +-- Cosmopseudodon            
                    |        |           |  +-----+                             
                    |        |           |  |     +-- Guiunio                   
                    |        |           +--+                                   
                    +--------+              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus            
                             |              +--+                                
                             |                 |  +-- Obovalis                  
                             |                 +--+                             
                             |                    +-- Postolata                 
                             |                                                  
                             |                    +-- Caudiculatus              
                             |     +--------------+                             
                             |     |              +-- Lamprotulini              
                             |     |                                            
                             +-----+  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata     
                                   |  |                                         
                                   |  |        +----- Gonidea                   
                                   +--+  +-----+                                
                                      |  |     |  +-- Microcondylaea            
                                      |  |     +--+                             
                                      +--+        +-- Leguminaia                
                                         |                                      
                                         |  +-------- Inversidens               
                                         +--+                                   
                                            |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita    
                                            +--+                                
                                               |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea     
                                               +--+                             
                                                  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Prié et al., 2026 [Publ 4844], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.870 1 1 0 1 14 14 2 -- 
  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.900 6 6 5 1 5 5 1 5.5 
  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Unionidae       
  |                   
  +-- Hyriidae **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.977 4 4 2 1 14 13 1 3.5 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 8 8 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 8 8 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.833 7 7 5 1 1 1 1 8.0 
  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.789 8 8 9 1 1 1 1 12.5 
  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.912 1 1 0 1 14 13 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.939 1 1 0 1 14 13 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.939 1 1 0 1 14 13 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 13 13 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.938 1 1 0 1 37 37 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.833 1 1 0 1 17 17 1 -- 
  +----------- Cristariina    
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
--+  +-------- Anodonta       
  |  |                        
  |  +-------- Unionini       
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Alasmidontina  
     +-----+                  
     |     +-- Pseudanodonta  
     |                        
     |  +----- Ambleminae     
     |  |                     
     +--+  +-- Hyriidae **       
        |  |                  
        +--+-- Lamprotulini   
           |                  
           +-- Chamberlainiini

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.983 1 1 0 1 30 30 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Hyriidae **        
  |                   
  +-- Unionidae

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.857 10 10 8 1 4 4 1 10.0 
     +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Unioninae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Ambleminae      
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Elderkin et al., 2016 [Publ 3693], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.909 1 1 0 1 2 2 1 -- 
  +-- Etheriidae
  |             
--+-- Iridinidae
  |             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 7 7 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 7 7 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 16 16 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.936 1 1 0 1 38 38 1 -- 
  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
--+  +----------- Unioninae       
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Lampsilini      
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Hyriidae **        
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Amblemini       
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pleurobemini    
           +--+                   
              +-- Quadrulini

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.962 1 1 0 1 9 9 1 -- 
  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 10 10 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.966 1 1 0 1 10 10 1 -- 
  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 1 1 0 1 22 22 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 1 20 20 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 1 20 20 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.944 4 4 2 1 2 2 1 5.0 
  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.758 3 3 0 1 12 9 1 2.0 
  +-- Hyriidae **    
--+               
  +-- Trigonioidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.758 3 3 0 1 12 9 1 2.0 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.667 3 3 1 1 13 10 1 3.0 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 2 2 0 1 45 44 1 -- 
  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Lawrie et al., 2026 [Publ 4843], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.826 17 17 21 1 1 1 1 21.0 
  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.708 20 20 20 1 1 0 0 21.0 
  +-- Trigonioidea
--+               
  +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.923 7 7 6 1 0 0 0 8.0 
-- Hyriinae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.708 20 20 21 1 1 0 0 21.0 
  +-- Trigonioidea
--+               
  +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 5 5 3 1 0 0 0 5.0 
-- Hyriinae **

Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 3 3 1 1 0 0 0 5.0 
-- Castaliini **

Klunzinger et al., 2022 [Publ 4259], fig. 1

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1.000 4 4 2 1 0 0 0 5.0 
-- Hyriidae **

Lawrie et al., 2026 [Publ 4843], fig. 2

cstiTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
0.750 9 9 13 1 0 0 0 22.0 
-- Velesunioninae **