| Page last updated
Thu 3 September 2025 |
The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Search the database pages:
Bivalvia | species : synonymy 1366 specimens Tellina fragilis Linnaeus, 1758 Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat. 1: ??. | |
Tellina radiata Linnaeus, 1758 Linnaeus, 1758. Syst. Nat. 1: ??. | |
Cardium crassum Gmelin, 1791 Gmelin, 1791. Syst. Nat. 1(6): 3254.
Laevicardium crassum — WoRMS (2011) | |
Solen gibbus Spengler, 1794 Spengler, 1794. unknown publication: ??.
Tagelus gibbus — Rumi et al. (2008) | |
Mytilus recurvus Rafinesque, 1820 Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 320. | |
Cyclas laevigata Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 36. (homonym of Cyclas laevigata Schumacher, 1817) | |
Cyclas cornea intumescens Menke, 1830 Menke, 1830. Syn. Method. Moll.: 111. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Tellina cornea Linnaeus, 1758) | |
Cyprina scutellaria Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 46. | |
Cyrena crassa Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 47. | |
Cyrena faujasii Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 51. | |
Cyrena geslini Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 52. | |
Cyrena gravesii Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 48. | |
Cyrena semistriata Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 52. | |
Unio carbonarius Goldfuss, 1837 Goldfuss, 1837. Petrefacta Germaniae 2: 145, pl. 131, fig. 19. (homonym of Unio carbonarius Lea, 1838) | |
Unio deccanensis Malcolmson, 1840 J. Sowerby in Malcolmson, 1840. Trans. Geol. Soc. London 5: pl. 47, figs. 4-10.
Lamellidens deccanensis — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Unio tumida Malcolmson, 1840 Sowerby in Malcolmson, 1840. Trans. Geol. Soc. London 5: pl. 47, figs. 11-12. (homonym of Unio tumidus Retzius, 1788; renamed Unio malcolmsoni Hislop, 1860)
Parreysia malcolmsoni — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Monodacna catillus Eichwald, 1841 Eichwald, 1841. Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Moscou 7: 277, pl. 1, figs. 1-2. | |
Cyclas caliculata [sic] var. major Dupuy, 1843 Dupuy, 1843. Essai Moll. Terr. Fluv. du Gers: 91. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Cyclas calyculata Draparnaud, 1806) | |
Cyrena solida Dunker, 1843 Dunker, 1843. Programm der höheren Gewerbschule in Cassel. Schulcursus von Michaelis 1843 bis Ostern 1844: 23. | |
Unio tumidus var. B cuneatus Scholtz, 1843 Scholtz, 1843. Land- und Wassermoll. Schlesiens: 125. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio tumidus Retzius, 1788; homonym of Unio cuneatus Barnes, 1823) | |
Unio tumidus var. G decurvatus Scholtz, 1843 Rossmässler, 1838. Icon. Land- und Süssw.-Moll. 2 (1-2): pl. 40, fig. 542 [as ‘Unio tumidus’]. Scholtz, 1843. Land- und Wassermoll. Schlesiens: 125. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio tumidus Retzius, 1788; homonym of Unio decurvatus Rossmässler, 1835) | |
Cyclas rykoltii Normand, 1844 Normand, 1844. Nouv. Espèc. Cyclades Valenc.: 7, figs. 5-6. | |
Mytilus americanus d’Orbigny, 1846 d’Orbigny, 1846. Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale 5(3): 648. | |
Cardium nuciforme d’Orbigny, 1850 d’Orbigny, 1850. unknown publication: 163. | |
Pera amnica Leach, 1852 Leach, 1852. Syn. Moll. Gr. Brit.: 292. (homonym of Tellina amnica Müller, 1774) | |
Pisidium nucleolus Prime, 1852 ‘Moricand, MS’ Prime, 1852. Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6(3): 368. [nomen nudum] | |
Sphaerium pisidioides Gray, 1856 Gray, 1856. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. 18: 25. | |
Unio carteri Hislop, 1860 Hislop, 1860. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 16: 175, pl. 7, fig. 28.
Lamellidens carteri — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Unio hunteri Hislop, 1860 Hislop, 1860. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 16: 174, pl. 6, 25.
Indonaia hunteri — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Unio imbricatus Hislop, 1860 Hislop, 1860. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 16: 175, pl. 7, figs, 27a-c.
Parreysia imbricatus — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Unio malcolmsoni Hislop, 1860 Hislop, 1860. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 16: 174. (new name for Unio tumida Malcolmson, 1840)
Parreysia malcolmsoni — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Unio mamillatus Hislop, 1860 Hislop, 1860. Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc. London 16: 175, pl. 7, fig. 26.
Parreysia mamillatus — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Cyrena acuta Ludwig, 1861 Ludwig, 1861. Palaeontogr. 8(6): 197, pl. 72, figs. 15-16. | |
Unio lepidus Ludwig, 1861 Ludwig, 1861. Palaeontogr. 10: 25, pl. 3, fig. 14. (homonym of Unio lepidus Gould, 1856) | |
Solen fonesii Dunker, 1862 Dunker, 1862. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1861 (3): ??.
Solen (s.s.) fonesii — Huber (2010) Solen fonesii — WoRMS (2011) | |
Anodonta forchthammeri Mørch, 1864 Mørch, 1864. Syn. Moll. Daniae: 83. | |
Anodonta lingbyana Mørch, 1864 Mørch, 1864. Syn. Moll. Daniae: 84. | |
Pisidium minimum Malzine, 1867 Malzine, 1867. Essai faun. malac. Belg.: 30, pl. 3, figs. 10-11. (homonym of Cyclas minima Studer, 1820) | |
Unio ryckholtii var. cuneatus Malzine, 1867 Malzine, 1867. Essai faun. malac. Belg.: 33, pl. 3, figs. 14-15. (homonym of Unio cuneatus Barnes, 1823; intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio ryckholtii Malzine, 1867) | |
Calyculina rykoltii var. danica Westerlund, 1873 Clessin in Westerlund, 1873. Fauna Moll. Terr. Fluv. Suec. Norv. Dan. (2): 522. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Cyclas rykoltii Normand, 1844) | |
Pisidium pileus Clessin, 1873 Clessin, 1873. Corrspbl. d. zool.-mineral. Ver. Regensburg: 160. Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 47, pl. 5, figs. 18-20. | |
Pisidium nucleum Benoit, 1875 Benoit, 1875. Boll. Soc. Malac. Ital. 1: 1673. | |
Calyculina rykoltii var. angulata Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Deutsche Excurs. Moll. Fauna: 497, fig. 322. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Cyclas rykoltii Normand, 1844) | |
Pisidium ovatum Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 72, pl. 8, figs. 22-24. Clessin, 1877. Deutsche Excurs. Moll. Fauna: 517, fig. 334. | |
Sphaerium fragile Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 95, pl. 11, figs. 18-26. | |
Sphaerium moenana Kobelt, 1881 Kobelt, 1881. Cat. Binnenconch.: 166. | |
Sphaerium alpecanum Servain, 1882 ‘Bourguignat’ Servain, 1882. Hist. Moll. Acéph. Francfort: 18. | |
Sphaerium gallicum Servain, 1882 ‘Bourguignat, 1870’ Servain, 1882. Hist. Moll. Acéph. Francfort: 10, 16. | |
Sphaerium letourneuxi Servain, 1882 ‘Bourguignat’ Servain, 1882. Hist. Moll. Acéph. Francfort: 15. | |
Sphaerium servaini Servain, 1882 ‘Bourguignat’ Servain, 1882. Hist. Moll. Acéph. Francfort: 17. | |
Cyrena viridescens Tapparone Canefri, 1883 Tapparone Canefri, 1883. Ann. Mus. Storia Nat. Genova 19: 285, pl. 10, fig. 24.
Cyrena viridescens — Schepman (1919) | |
Carbonicola indeterminata Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 150, pl. 19, fig. 16. | |
Carbonicola recta Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 150, pl. 19, figs. 18-19. | |
Carbonicola striata Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 148, pl. 19, figs. 20-21. | |
Carbonicola substegocephalum Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 149, pl. 19, figs. 8, 14. | |
Oligodon kingi Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 181, pl. 22, figs. 4-5, 14, 21. | |
Palaeomutela solenoides Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 164, pl. 21, figs. 45-48. | |
Palaeomutela subparallela Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 164, pl. 21, figs. 39-44. | |
Palaeomutela trapezoidalis Amalitzky, 1892 Amalitzky, 1892. Palaeontogr. 39(4-6): 165, pl. 21, figs. 36-38. | |
Cyrena kochi Schepman, 1919 Schepman, 1919. Nova Guinea, Zool. 13: 184, pl. 6, fig. 7.
Cyrena kochi — Schepman (1919) | |
Cyrena subtriangula Schepman, 1919 Schepman, 1919. Nova Guinea, Zool. 13: 185, pl. 7, fig. 1.
Cyrena subtriangula — Schepman (1919) | |
Lamellidens vredenburgi Prashad, 1921 Prashad, 1921. Rec. Geol. Surv. India 51: 368, pl. 12, figs. 1-2.
Lamellidens vredenburgi — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Anatina (Ceromya) boulei Patte, 1922 Patte, 1922. unknown publication: 63, pl. 2, fig. 6.
Yunnanophorus boulei — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Indonaia pascoei Prashad, 1928 Prashad, 1928. unknown publication: 311, pl. 25, figs. 4-5.
Indonaia pascoei — Bolotov et al. (2022) | |
Psilunio tuberosus Odhner, 1930 Odhner, 1930. unknown publication: 12, pl. 2, figs. 14-18.
Tuberonaia tuberosus — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Anodonta suavis Yokoyama, 1932 Yokoyama, 1932. Jour. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo 3(6): 244, pt. 6, pl. 4, fig. 1. | |
Margaritifera perdahurica Yokoyama, 1932 Yokoyama, 1932. Jour. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo 3(6): 244, pt. 6, pl. 4, fig. 2.
Margaritifera perdahurica — Vikhrev et al. (2019) | |
Nodularia subjapanensis Yokoyama, 1932 Yokoyama, 1932. Jour. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo 3(6): 242, pt. 6, pl. 4, fig. 3. | |
Unio obrutschewi Martinson, 1956 Martinson, 1956. unknown publication: 50, pl. 7, fig. 64.
Ningxiaconcha obrutschewi — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Cuneopsis giganteus Mongin, 1963 Mongin, 1963. Bull. Soc. Géol. France 5: 62-63.
— Schneider et al. (2013) | |
Micranodonta regii Kuiper, 1965 Kuiper, 1965. Arch. Moll. 94(1-2): 47, figs. 1-4.
— Daget (1998) | |
Pseudelliptio longus Zhu, 1976 Zhu, 1976. Paleo. Atlas N. China: 23, pl. 1, figs. 5-7c.
Pseudelliptio longus — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Undulatula sichuanensis Gu, 1976 Gu in Gu, 1976. Lamell. Foss. China: 326, pl. 90, figs. 5-12.
Undulatula sichuanensis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Undulatula tangulaensis Gu, 1976 Gu, 1976. Lamell. Foss. China: 326, pl 91, figs. 1, 6-8.
Sichuanoconcha tangulaensis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Acuneopsis luochengensis Cai & Liu, 1978 Liu & Zhu in Cai & Liu, 1978. unknown publication: 372, pl. 119, fig. 1.
Acuneopsis luochengensis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Luochengella luochengensis Cai & Liu, 1978 Liu & Zhu in Cai & Liu, 1978. unknown publication: 371, pl 118, figs. 4-5.
Luochengella luochengensis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Sichuanoconcha amica Liu, 1984 Liu, 1984. unknown publication: 564, pl. 16, fig. 1.
Sichuanoconcha amica — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Yunnanophorus zetoides Guo, 1985 Guo, 1985. unknown publication: 188, pl. 28, figs. 1-2.
Yunnanophorus zetoides — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Periodunio yunnanensis Guo, 1988 Guo, 1988. Yunnan Geol. 7: 124, pl. 3, fig. 3.
Periodunio yunnanensis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Linshuiella tetragonalis Ma, 1999 Ma, 1999. unknown publication: 226, pl. 8, figs. 7-13.
Linshuiella tetragonalis — Fang et al. (2009) | |
Anodonta labiata of Authors, unknown year Seefauna of Authors. | |
Corbula alabamiensis of Authors, unknown year Lea 1833 of Authors. | |
Sphaerium deshayesianum of Authors, unknown year Bourg. Am. Mal. of Authors. | |
Sphaerium corneum var. firmum of Authors, unknown year Clessin in Westerl. Fauna Moll. Suec. of Authors. (intro'd as intra-sp. of Tellina cornea Linnaeus, 1758) | |
Unio nicolaianus of Authors, unknown year Brus. of Authors. | |
Unio pauli of Authors, unknown year Neum. of Authors. | |
Unio ptychodes of Authors, unknown year Brus. of Authors. | |
Unio slavonicus of Authors, unknown year Hörnes of Authors. | |
Unio urii of Authors, unknown year ‘Flem.’ of Authors. | |
Mya fragilis Humphrey, 1797 Humphrey, 1797. Mus. Col.: 59. | |
Pisum gallicum Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811 Megerle von Mühlfeld, 1811. Mag. Ges. Nat. Fr. Berlin 5: 57. | |
Cyclas lacustris Pfeiffer, 1821 Pfeiffer, 1821. Naturgesch. Dtsch. Land-Süßw. Moll. 1: 122, pl. 5, figs. 6-7. (misidentified reference to Tellina lacustris Müller, 1774) | |
Capsa ringens Deshayes, 1830 Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Première partie): 193. | |
Cyclas calyculata Stein, 1850 Stein, 1850. Schneck. und Muscel. Berlins: 109, pl. 3, fig. 12. (misidentified reference to Cyclas calyculata Draparnaud, 1806) | |
Pisidium striolatum Baudon, 1857 Baudon, 1857. Mém. Soc. Acad. Archéol. Sci. Arts Dépt. Oise 3: 37. | |
Pisidium amnicum var. elongatum Martens, 1866 Martens, 1866. Malak. Blatt. 13: 102. (misidentified reference to Pisidium amnicum var. elongata Baudon, 1857)
Pisidium (Fluminina) amnicum var. elongatum — Pallary (1909) — Daget (1998) | |
Unio cuneolus Colbeau, 1868 ‘Pffr.’ Colbeau, 1868. Ann. Soc. Malac. Belgique 3: 106. [nomen nudum] | |
Pisidium demissum Clessin, 1874 Clessin, 1874. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 13: 149. [nomen nudum] Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 71, pl, 8, figs. 19-21. | |
Pisidium occupatum Clessin, 1874 Clessin, 1874. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 13: 149. [nomen nudum] | |
Pisidium profundum Clessin, 1874 Clessin, 1874. Bull. Soc. Vaud. Sci. Nat. 13: 149. [nomen nudum] | |
Cyclas ugiugali Benoit, 1875 ‘Biv. fl.’ Benoit, 1875. Boll. Soc. Malac. Ital. 1: ??. [nomen nudum] | |
Pisidium ovale Benoit, 1875 ‘Petit’ Benoit, 1875. Boll. Soc. Malac. Ital. 1: 163. [nomen nudum] | |
Sphaerium dickinii Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Deutsche Excurs. Moll. Fauna: 490, fig. 317. Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 96, pl. 12, figs. 18-20. | |
Sphaerium dupplicatum Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 86, pl. 11, figs. 4-6. | |
Sphaerium oblongum Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 83, pl. 9, figs. 25-27. Clessin, 1877. Deutsche Excurs. Moll. Fauna: 484. | |
Sphaerium sandbergeri Clessin, 1877 Clessin, 1877. Deutsche Excurs. Moll. Fauna: 483, fig. 311. Clessin, 1877. Conch. Cab. 9(3): 89, pl. 12, fig. 13-15. | |
Anodonta antiqua of Authors, unknown year
| |
Anodonta arenacea of Authors, unknown year
| |
Anodonta gardanensis of Authors, unknown year
| |
Anodonta lavateri of Authors, unknown year
| |
Anodonta lettica of Authors, unknown year
| |
Cyclas obovata of Authors, unknown year
| |
Cyrena brongniarti of Authors, unknown year
| |
Unio cretaceus of Authors, unknown year
| |
Unio eseri of Authors, unknown year
| |
Unio stachei of Authors, unknown year
| |
Unio toulouzani of Authors, unknown year
| |
Unio wetzleri of Authors, unknown year
| |
Taxonomic History (since 1900)Pisidium (Fluminina) amnicum var. elongatum — Pallary (1909) Cyrena viridescens — Schepman (1919) Cyrena kochi — Schepman (1919) Cyrena subtriangula — Schepman (1919) — Daget (1998), Schneider et al. (2013) Tagelus gibbus — Rumi et al. (2008) Yunnanophorus boulei — Fang et al. (2009) Tuberonaia tuberosus — Fang et al. (2009) Ningxiaconcha obrutschewi — Fang et al. (2009) Pseudelliptio longus — Fang et al. (2009) Undulatula sichuanensis — Fang et al. (2009) Sichuanoconcha tangulaensis — Fang et al. (2009) Acuneopsis luochengensis — Fang et al. (2009) Luochengella luochengensis — Fang et al. (2009) Sichuanoconcha amica — Fang et al. (2009) Yunnanophorus zetoides — Fang et al. (2009) Periodunio yunnanensis — Fang et al. (2009) Linshuiella tetragonalis — Fang et al. (2009) Solen (s.s.) fonesii — Huber (2010) Laevicardium crassum — WoRMS (2011) Solen fonesii — WoRMS (2011) Margaritifera perdahurica — Vikhrev et al. (2019) Lamellidens deccanensis — Bolotov et al. (2022) Parreysia malcolmsoni — Bolotov et al. (2022) Lamellidens carteri — Bolotov et al. (2022) Indonaia hunteri — Bolotov et al. (2022) Parreysia imbricatus — Bolotov et al. (2022) Parreysia mamillatus — Bolotov et al. (2022) Lamellidens vredenburgi — Bolotov et al. (2022) Indonaia pascoei — Bolotov et al. (2022)
|