MUSSELp
 
MUSSELpdb
 
 
Taxonomy
 
 
Geography
 
 
 

Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!


Bivalvia | ... | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini | Pleuronaia

species Pleuronaia barnesiana (Lea, 1838): synonymy
     15 specimens + 2 Genbank vouchers

Unio barnesianus Lea, 1838
Lea, 1836. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 20. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 31, pl. 10, fig. 26.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84586, Cumberland R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1923), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), Burch (1975), ... Graf & Cummings (2007), Burdick & White (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), ITIS (2012), Klymus et al. (2020)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), IUCN (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), ... Smith et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)

Unio bigbyensis Lea, 1841
Lea, 1841. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 30.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 237 [75], pl. 22, fig. 51.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84579, Bigby Cr., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyensisSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyenseSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Fusconaia barnesiana var. bigbyensisOrtmann (1923)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845
Lea, 1845. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4: 164.
Lea, 1848. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 4]: 77 [51], pl. 6, fig. 17.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84389, Clinch R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008), Bieler (2021)

Unio tumescens Lea, 1845
Lea, 1845. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4: 164.
Lea, 1848. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 4]: 71 [45], pl. 3, fig. 7.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84646, Alexandria, La.

Pleurobema (s.s.) tumescensSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescensOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescensFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio meredithii Lea, 1858
Lea, 1858. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 10: 40.
Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 8]: 65 [69], pl. 6, fig. 214.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84393, Florence, Ala.

Pleurobema (s.s.) meredithiiSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1925), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic]Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meredithiiHaas (1969)
Pleurobema meredithiiBurch (1975)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)
Pleurobema meredithiITIS (2012)

Unio pudicus Lea, 1860
Lea, 1860. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 92.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 346 [28], pl. 56, fig. 171.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84553, N Alabama.

Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1925), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudicaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio ornatus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 41.
Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 8]: 85 [89], pl. 11, fig. 234.
(homonym of Unio ovatus var. ornatus Conrad, 1835)
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85854, Alabama.

Pleurobema (s.s.) ornataSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) ornatumSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviformeOrtmann (1918), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) mundaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008), Bieler (2021)

Unio raveneliensis Reeve, 1864
‘Lea’ Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 16, sp. 70.
(misidentified reference to Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834; error for Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834)

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianumSimpson (1914)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argenteaFrierson (1927)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)

Unio lyonii Lea, 1865
Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 259 [19], pl. 32, fig. 74.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85804, E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) lyoniiSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudicaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio fassinans Lea, 1868
Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 143.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 305 [65], pl. 47, fig. 118.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84926, headwaters of Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinansSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema fassinansOrtmann (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argenteaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Margaron (Unio) fascinans Lea, 1870
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 42.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [2].
Pilsbry & Rhoads, 1896. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 48: 502 [as ‘Unio fascinans’].
(error for Unio fassinans Lea, 1868)

Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918)

Unio meredithii Lea, 1870
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: ??.
(reference to Unio meredithii Lea, 1858)

Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975)

Unio crudus Lea, 1871
Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 190.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 14 [18], pl. 4, fig. 10.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85841, French Broad R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) crudaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) crudumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescensOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescensFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio radiosus Lea, 1871
Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 192.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 13 [17], pl. 3, fig. 9.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84647, Holston R., E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) tumescensSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
de Gregorio (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescensOrtmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescensFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio validus Lea, 1871
Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 189.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 6 [10], pl. 1, fig. 2.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84583, Duck R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) validaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) validumSimpson (1914)
Unio validusde Gregorio (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1924), Burch (1975)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) validaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)

Unio lenticularis Lea, 1872
Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 155.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 30 [34], pl. 9, fig. 27.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85761, Tellico R., Monroe Co., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticularisSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticulareSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic]Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meredithiiHaas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio tellicoensis Lea, 1872
Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 155.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 31 [35], pl. 10, fig. 28.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84576, Tellico R., Monroe Co., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii B.H. Wright, 1888
‘Lea’ of Authors.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [4].
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 58, sp. 253.
(error for Unio meredithii Lea, 1858)

Pleurobema fassinans var. rhomboidea Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 762.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 798.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio fassinans Lea, 1868)
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_133331 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 18), Clinch R., Va.

Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboideaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboideumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesianaBurch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008)

Unio eastbrookianus Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 248.
(error for Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845)

Unio subrotundus Sowerby, 1866
‘Lea’ Sowerby, 1866. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 37, sp. 201.
(misidentified reference to Unio subrotundus Lea, 1831)

Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicumSimpson (1914)

Unio estabrookii Lea, 1868
‘Lea’ Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 317 [77].
(error for Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845)

Pleuronaia barnesianaBieler (2021)

Unio tumesceus B.H. Wright, 1888
‘Lea’ B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [6].
(error for Unio tumescens Lea, 1845)

Unio estabrokianus Paetel, 1890
‘Lea’ Paetel, 1890. Cat. Conch.-Samml. 3: 152.
(error for Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845)

Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaParmalee & Bogan (1998)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyensisSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) tumescensSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) meredithiiSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) ornataSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) lyoniiSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinansSimpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) crudaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) validaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticularisSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboideaSimpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianumSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyenseSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) estabrookianumSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicumSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) ornatumSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema fassinansOrtmann (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) crudumSimpson (1914)
de Gregorio (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) validumSimpson (1914)
Unio validusde Gregorio (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticulareSimpson (1914)
Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboideumSimpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesianaOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1923), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), Burch (1975), ... Graf & Cummings (2007), Burdick & White (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), ITIS (2012), Klymus et al. (2020)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensisOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescensOrtmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Pleurobema oviformeOrtmann (1918), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Fusconaia barnesiana var. bigbyensisOrtmann (1923)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesianaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescensFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic]Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudicaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) mundaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argenteaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) validaFrierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meredithiiHaas (1969)
Pleurobema meredithiiBurch (1975)
Pleuronaia barnesianaWilliams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), IUCN (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), ... Smith et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023)
Pleurobema meredithiITIS (2012)

 
NSF icon MUSSEL icon
"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."