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The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Bivalvia | ... | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Toxolasma species Toxolasma paulum (Lea, 1840): synonymy 8 specimens Unio paulus Lea, 1840
Lea, 1840. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 287.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 213 [51], pl. 15, fig. 29. Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85274, Columbus, Ga.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900) Eurynia (Carunculina) paula — Ortmann (1912) Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914) Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Toxolasma paulus — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), Breton et al. (2011), ITIS (2012), Haag (2012), Chase et al. (2018) Toxolasma paulum — Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio minor Lea, 1843
Lea, 1843. [privately published sheet]: [1]. Lea, 1845. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 9 [O. 4]: 276 [34], pl. 39, fig.3. (homonym of Unio margaritifer var. minor Rossmässler, 1835) Type(s): FIGURED SPECIMEN USNM_85310, L George, Fla.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900) Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914) Carunculina minor — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969) Carunculina paula — Clench & Turner (1956) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024) Toxolasma minor — Breton et al. (2011) | |
Unio germanus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 40.
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 49 [53], pl. 19, fig. 54. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85296, Coosa R., Ala.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900) Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914) Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — Burch (1975) Toxolasma germanus — Williams et al. (2008) Toxolasma paulum — MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio granulatis Lea, 1861 Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 60. (incorrect original spelling of Unio granulatus Lea, 1861)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914) Toxolasma paulum — Bieler (2021) | |
Unio granulatus Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 60 [as ‘granulatis’].
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 48 [52], pl. 16, fig. 46. (correct name for Unio granulatis Lea, 1861) Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85297, Big Prairie Cr., Ala.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900) Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914) Carunculina paula — Haas (1969) Toxolasma granulatus — Williams et al. (2008) Toxolasma paulum — Bieler (2021), MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio cromwellii Lea, 1865
Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 258 [18], pl. 31, fig. 73. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85280, Kiokee Creek, near Albany, Georgia.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900) Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980) Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000) Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio marginis Lea, 1865
Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 255 [15], pl. 31, fig. 69. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85295, Blue Springs, Georgia.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900) Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000) Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio corvinus Lea, 1868
Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 144.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 310 [70], pl. 48, fig. 123. Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85277, Flint R., Ga.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900) Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914) — Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000) Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024) | |
Unio stearnsii B.H. Wright, 1888
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [5]. [nomen nudum] Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM ANSP_56495, Blue Spring Landing, St. John’s R., Fla.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900) Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914) Carunculina paula — Clench & Turner (1956) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Taxonomic History (since 1900)Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900) Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900) Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900) Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900) Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Eurynia (Carunculina) paula — Ortmann (1912) Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914) Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914) Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914) Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Carunculina minor — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969) — Haas (1969) Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980) Toxolasma paulus — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), Breton et al. (2011), ITIS (2012), Haag (2012), Chase et al. (2018) Toxolasma paulum — Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024) Toxolasma germanus — Williams et al. (2008) Toxolasma granulatus — Williams et al. (2008) Toxolasma minor — Breton et al. (2011)
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