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The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini genus Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831: synonymy
10 Recent valid species (10 total species) Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831
Rafinesque, 1831. Continuation: 2.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 72.
(renamed Toxelasma Agassiz, 1846)
Type species: Toxolasma lividus Rafinesque, 1831 (sub. desig. by Frierson, 1914: 7) = Toxolasma lividum Toxelasma Agassiz, 1846
Agassiz, 1846. Nomencl. Zool. Index Univ.: 373.
Thiele, 1934. Handb. Syst. Weichtierk. 3: 835 [1271].
(new name for Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831) Corunculina F.C. Baker, 1898
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): 109.
(incorrect original spelling of Carunculina F.C. Baker, 1898) Carunculina F.C. Baker, 1898
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): 109 [as ‘Corunculina’].
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): index and errata.
(intro'd as sub-gen. of Lampsilis Rafinesque, 1820; correct name for Corunculina F.C. Baker, 1898)
Type species: Unio parvus Barnes, 1823 (monotypy) = Toxolasma parvum Taxonomic History (since 1900)Lampsilis (Carunculina) — Simpson (1900), Ortmann (1909), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis — Simpson (1900), Ortmann (1909)
Carunculina — Ortmann (1910), Ortmann (1915), Ortmann (1915), Utterback (1916), Ortmann & Walker (1922), ... Gordon et al. (1979), Mathiak (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980), Mackie et al. (1980), Davis & Fuller (1981)
Eurynia (Carunculina) — Ortmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) — Simpson (1914)
Unio — de Gregorio (1914)
Toxolasma — Ortmann (1918), Morrison (1969), Oesch (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), ... Chen et al. (2025), FMCS (2025), Cummings et al. (2025), Freeman et al. (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026)
Toxelasma — Thiele (1934)
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