The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini genus Parvaspina Perkins, Johnson & Gangloff, 2017: cladomics
3 Recent valid species (3 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 3 (3 total)
analyzed in 25 cladograms in 13 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
3 (mean = 1.2, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 4
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean =
2.25 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 1
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 5 | 22 | 20 | 6 | -- | +-- Parvaspina_steinstansana **
|
+-- Parvaspina_collina__1 **
|
+--------------+-- Parvaspina_collina__2 **
| |
| +-- Parvaspina_collina__3 **
| |
| +-- Parvaspina_collina__4 **
|
--+ +-------------- Elliptio_arca
| |
| +-------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_arctata
| +-----------+
| | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
+--+
| +----------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_oviforme
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_clava
| | |
+--+ +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
+--+-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
|
+-------- Pleurobema_decisum
|
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_rubellum
|
| +----- Elliptio_spinosa
| |
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_escambia
| |
| +-- Fusconaia_flava
+--+
+-- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+-- Pleuronaia
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 629 | 62 | 8 | -- | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +-------- Parvaspina_lanceolata **
| +--------------------------------------------------+
| | | +----- Parvaspina_steinstansana__2 **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Parvaspina_collina **
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Parvaspina_steinstansana__1 **
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_fisheriana
| | +-----------------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Elliptio_nasutidus
| | |
+--+ | +----------------------------------------------------- Elliptio_spinosa
| | |
| | | +----------------------------- Elliptio_dariensis__5
| | | |
| | | | +----- Elliptio_arctata__3
| | | | |
| | | | +----- Elliptio_crassidens__4
| | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__5
+--+ | | | +--+
| | +--------------------+ | +-- Elliptio_roanokensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_complanata__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_pullata__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_icterina__3
| | | | | |
| | | | +--------------------+ +-- Elliptio_dariensis__4
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__2
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__2
+--+ | | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__3
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Elliptio_fumata__2
| | | |
| | | +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__1
| | |
| | | +----------------------- Elliptio_crassidens__2
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_arca__2
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Elliptio_icterina__2
| | | | +-----------+
| | +--+ | | +----- Elliptio_dariensis__3
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_dariensis__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_mediocris
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__2
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__2
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__1
+--+ | +--+-----------+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_pullata__1
| | | |
| | | | +----------- Elliptio_arca__1
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Elliptio_arctata__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Elliptio_fumata__1
| | | +--+
| +--+ | +-- Elliptio_arctata__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__1
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__1
| | |
| | +--------+-- Elliptio__1
| | | |
| | | +-- Elliptio__2
| | |
| +-----+ +-- Elliptio_complanata__1
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__1
| | |
| +--+ +----- Elliptio_dariensis__1
| | |
| | +----- Elliptio_producta
| +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__2
| | |
| +--+-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__3
| |
| +-- Elliptio_icterina__1
|
| +----- Elliptio_shepardiana
| +-----------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Elliptio_angustata
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__1
| |
+--+ +-------------------------------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
| | +--------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Plethobasus_cyphyus
+--+ |
| | +-------------------------------------- Elliptio_fraterna
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum
| | | |
+--+ | +--+ +----------------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------------------------- Pleuronaia
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
| | | +--+ +--------------+
+--+ | | | | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_clava__1
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| | | +--------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_clava__2
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
+--+ |
| | +----------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2
| +--+
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| +--+
| | +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2
| +--+
| | +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobema_taitianum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
|
| +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Plethobasus_cooperianus
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
+-----------+ +-------- Pleurobema_cordatum
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda
| | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_cor
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus
|
| +----------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis
| |
| | +----- Fusconaia_escambia__2
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei
| | +--+
| | +-- Fusconaia_escambia__1
| |
+--+ +----- Fusconaia_masoni
| |
| +-----+ +-- Fusconaia_cerina__1
| | | |
| | +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina__2
| | |
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_flava__2
|
| +-- Fusconaia_askewi
| +-----+
| | +-- Fusconaia_chunii
+--+
| +----- Fusconaia_flava__1
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia_iheringi
+--+
+-- Fusconaia_mitchelli
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 103 | 57 | 8 | -- | +----------------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +-- Parvaspina_lanceolata **
| +-----------------------------------+
| | +-- Parvaspina_collina **
--+ |
| | +----------------------------------- Plethobasus
| | |
| | +----------------------------------- Eurynia
| | |
+--+ +----------------------------------- Hemistena
| |
| +----------------------------------- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------------------------- Pleuronaia
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| | | +--------------------------+
+--+ | | +-- Fusconaia
| | |
| | | +-------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum
| | | |
| | | | +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | +--+ | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-----------+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | | | | | |
+--+ | +--+ | | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
| | | | |
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2
| | | |
| | | +--+ +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+----------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1
| | | | +--+
+--+ | | | +----- Pleurobema_taitianum
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
| +--+ +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__6
| | |
| | +--+----- Pleurobema_clava__3
| | | |
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__5
| | | +--+
| +--------+ +-- Pleurobema_clava__2
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__3
| +--+
| +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__4
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava__1
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_riddellii
| |
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__34
| | |
| | | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__31
| | | |
+-----------+ | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__32
| | |
| | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__33
| | |
| | | +-------- Pleurobema__4
| | | |
| | | +-------- Pleurobema__5
+--+ | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__8
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__9
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__10
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__5
+--+ |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__6
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__7
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__8
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__9
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__10
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__11
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__12
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__13
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__14
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__15
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__16
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__17
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__18
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__19
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__20
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__21
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__22
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__23
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__24
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__25
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__26
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__27
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__28
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__29
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__30
|
| +-- Pleurobema__6
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
|
| +-- Pleurobema__7
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__4
|
| +----- Pleurobema__3
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema__1
+--+
+-- Pleurobema__2
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 33 | 6 | -- | +----------------- Pleurobema
|
--+ +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +----------- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +-- Parvaspina_collina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvaspina_steinstansana **
+--+
| +----- Elliptio
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Hemistena
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 42 | 24 | 8 | -- | +----------------------- Elliptio
|
--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +----------------- Parvaspina_collina **
+--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_stabile
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 24 | 8 | -- | +-------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Hemistena
| |
+--+ +----------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_clava
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina_collina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 23 | 7 | -- | +----------------- Parvaspina_collina **
|
--+ +-------------- Hemistena
| |
+--+ +-- Plethobasus
| +--------+
| | +-- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------- Fusconaia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Pleuronaia
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 34 | 7 | -- | +----------------------- Hemistena
|
+----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
|
--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii
| | |
| | +--------+ +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
+--+ | | |
| | +--+----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
+--+
| +-------------- Parvaspina_collina **
| |
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| +-------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Plethobasus
+--+-----------+
| +-- Elliptio
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+ |
| +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_georgianum
|
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 101 | 29 | 8 | -- | +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------------- Plethobasus
--+ |
| +----------------------------- Parvaspina_collina **
| |
| +----------------------------- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------------------------- Eurynia
| |
| +-------------------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +----------------------- Fusconaia
+--+ |
| | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
| +-------------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_taitianum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| |
| +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
| +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
|
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 23 | 7 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
+--------+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
+--------+
| | +-------- Fusconaia
| | |
| +--+ +----- Pleuronaia
| | |
| | | +-- Eurynia
| +--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| | |
--+ +--+-- Plethobasus
| |
| +-- Parvaspina_collina **
| |
| +-- Elliptio
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| |
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | |
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| |
+--+-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_taitianum
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_perovatum
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 8 | -- | +-------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +----------- Elliptio
| |
| +----------- Plethobasus
+--+
| +-------- Parvaspina_steinstansana **
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 7 | 5 | -- | +----------- Parvaspina_collina **
|
--+ +-- Eurynia
| +-----+
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 7 | 5 | -- | +----------- Parvaspina_collina **
|
--+ +-- Eurynia
| +-----+
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 40 | 8 | -- | +----------- Elliptoideus
|
| +-------- Elliptio
--+ |
| | +-- Eurynia
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvaspina_collina **
+--+
| +-- Hemistena
+-----+
| +-- Plethobasus
|
| +----- Pleuronaia
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 21 | 7 | -- | Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 20 | 8 | -- | +----------------- Elliptio
|
| +-------------- Parvaspina_collina **
--+ |
| +-------------- Plethobasus
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----------+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
+-- Pleurobema_clava
Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 27 | 6 | -- | Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 24 | 8 | -- | +-------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile
--+ |
| | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +-- Pleurobema_clava
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
| | +----- Pleuronaia
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Parvaspina_collina **
| | +--+
| | +-- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
| +--+
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 40 | 8 | -- | +-------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
--+ | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| | | |
+--+ | | +-------------- Fusconaia
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------- Pleuronaia
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Eurynia
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Parvaspina_collina **
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Elliptio
| +--+
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--+
| +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
| |
+-----+ +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum
| +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_rubellum
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 34 | 7 | -- | +----------------------------------- Parvaspina_collina **
|
| +-- Plethobasus
--+ +-----------------------------+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | +-- Hemistena
| |
| | +----------- Pleuronaia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
| +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_georgianum
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_rubellum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 24 | 8 | -- | +-------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----- Hemistena
| |
--+ +----- Plethobasus
| |
| +----- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +-- Eurynia
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina_collina **
|
| +-- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Fusconaia
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 34 | 7 | -- | +----------------------------------- Parvaspina_collina **
|
| +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum
--+ |
| | +-- Plethobasus
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Hemistena
| +-----------------------+
| | | +-- Eurynia
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum__2
| |
| | +----------------------- Fusconaia
+--+ |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_stabile
| | |
| | +-----------+ +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
+--+ | | |
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1
| | | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3
|
| +----------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
| |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_rubellum
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 21 | 7 | -- | +-- Plethobasus
--+
+-- Parvaspina_collina **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 101 | 29 | 8 | -- | +-------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +----------- Hemistena
| |
| | +-- Plethobasus
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +----- Pleuronaia
| |
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
+----- Pleurobema
|
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Parvaspina_collina **
|
