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Page last updated
Thu 3 September 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Rectidentini | Contradentina

genus Yaukthwa Konopleva, Pfeiffer, Vikhrev, Kondakov, Gofarov, Aksenova, Lunn, Chan & Bolotov, 2019: cladomics
     11 Recent valid species (11 total species)

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 11 (11 total)
analyzed in 33 cladograms in 21 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 10 (mean = 3.94, median = 3)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 28
maximum number of included terminals = 10, (mean = 4.46 median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.89

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ Tree

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10107105520
                 +-- Physunio               
  +--------------+                          
  |              +-- Trapezoideus           
  |                                         
  |              +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **    
--+  +-----------+                          
  |  |           +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis **     
  |  |                                      
  |  |     +-------- Yaukthwa_panhai **        
  +--+  +--+                                
     |  |  |  +----- Yaukthwa_rectangularis ** 
     |  |  +--+                             
     |  |     |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **     
     +--+     +--+                          
        |        +-- Yaukthwa_zayleymanensis **
        |                                   
        |     +----- Yaukthwa_dalliana **      
        |     |                             
        +-----+  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **      
              |  |                          
              +--+-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **    
                 |                          
                 +-- Yaukthwa_avaensis **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110128144--
        +-- Trapezoideus     
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Physunio         
--+                          
  |  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Solenaia         
     +--+                    
        +-- Lens

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
99791031432
  +----------------------- Physunio               
  |                                               
--+  +-------------------- Trapezoideus           
  |  |                                            
  +--+  +----------------- Lens                   
     |  |                                         
     |  |              +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **    
     +--+  +-----------+                          
        |  |           +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis **     
        |  |                                      
        +--+        +----- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **    
           |  +-----+                             
           |  |     |  +-- Yaukthwa_avaensis **      
           |  |     +--+                          
           +--+        +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **      
              |                                   
              |  +-------- Yaukthwa_panhai **        
              +--+                                
                 |  +----- Yaukthwa_rectangularis ** 
                 +--+                             
                    |  +-- Yaukthwa_zayleymanensis **
                    +--+                          
                       +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
99791091432
                    +-- Trapezoideus           
  +-----------------+                          
  |                 +-- Physunio               
  |                                            
--+  +----------------- Lens                   
  |  |                                         
  |  |              +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **    
  +--+  +-----------+                          
     |  |           +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis **     
     |  |                                      
     +--+        +----- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **    
        |  +-----+                             
        |  |     |  +-- Yaukthwa_avaensis **      
        |  |     +--+                          
        +--+        +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **      
           |                                   
           |  +-------- Yaukthwa_panhai **        
           +--+                                
              |  +----- Yaukthwa_rectangularis ** 
              +--+                             
                 |  +-- Yaukthwa_zayleymanensis **
                 +--+                          
                    +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
997940312
  +----------------- Trapezoideus           
  |                                         
  |              +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **    
--+  +-----------+                          
  |  |           +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis **     
  |  |                                      
  +--+        +----- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **    
     |  +-----+                             
     |  |     |  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **      
     |  |     +--+                          
     +--+        +-- Yaukthwa_avaensis **      
        |                                   
        |  +-------- Yaukthwa_panhai **        
        +--+                                
           |  +----- Yaukthwa_rectangularis ** 
           +--+                             
              |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **     
              +--+                          
                 +-- Yaukthwa_zayleymanensis **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
88681113
  +-------------- Solenaia              
  |                                     
  |           +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **   
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis **    
  |  |                                  
  +--+     +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
     |  +--+                            
     |  |  |  +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **
     |  |  +--+                         
     +--+     +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
        |                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_avaensis **     
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6646281334
           +----- Lens                  
  +--------+                            
  |        |  +-- Trapezoideus          
  |        +--+                         
--+           +-- Physunio              
  |                                     
  |  +----------- Yaukthwa_elongatula **   
  |  |                                  
  +--+        +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **     
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553526935
  +-------------- Physunio              
  |                                     
  |           +-- Trapezoideus          
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        +-- Lens                  
  |  |                                  
  +--+        +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **     
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553513007
  +----------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Yaukthwa_elongatula **   
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
        +--+                         
           +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5535471135
        +----- Physunio              
  +-----+                            
  |     |  +-- Trapezoideus          
  |     +--+                         
  |        +-- Lens                  
--+                                  
  |        +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **     
  |  +-----+                         
  |  |     +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
        +--+                         
           +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424197826
  +-------------- Physunio              
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Lens                  
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424121826
  +-------------- Physunio              
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Lens                  
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424135726
  +-------------- Lens                  
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Physunio              
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424197826
  +----------- Physunio_modelli      
  |                                  
  +----------- Physunio              
  |                                  
--+----------- Physunio_superbus     
  |                                  
  +----------- Lens                  
  |                                  
  |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
        +--+                         
           +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424135826
  +-------------- Physunio              
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Lens                  
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424195826
  +-------------- Physunio              
--+                                     
  |  +----------- Lens                  
  +--+                                  
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **   
     +--+                               
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_panhai **       
        +--+                            
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **    
           +--+                         
              +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331329437
  +-------------- Physunio           
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Trapezoideus       
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Lens               
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
           +--+                      
              +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3753344311
  +----------- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
  |                               
--+  +-------- Trapezoideus       
  |  |                            
  +--+     +-- Physunio           
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **  
        +--+                      
           +-- Lens

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331334437
           +-- Physunio           
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Lens               
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        +--+                      
           +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331334437
           +-- Physunio           
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Lens               
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        +--+                      
           +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3713344312
  +-- Physunio           
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **  
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
--+                      
  +-- Trapezoideus       
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
  |                      
  +-- Lens

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331334437
           +-- Physunio           
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Lens               
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        +--+                      
           +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
31003807215
  +-- Lens_eximius       
  |                      
  +-- Physunio_modelli__1
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni ** 
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_panhai **    
  |                      
  +-- Lens_comptus       
  |                      
--+-- Lens_novoselovi    
  |                      
  +-- Physunio_modelli__2
  |                      
  +-- Physunio           
  |                      
  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
  |                      
  +-- Lens_contradens    
  |                      
  +-- Lens_micropterus

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331343537
           +-- Physunio           
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Lens               
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        +--+                      
           +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331334437
           +-- Physunio           
  +--------+                      
  |        +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                               
  |  +-------- Lens               
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        +--+                      
           +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22021983--
        +-- Trapezoideus      
  +-----+                     
  |     +-- Physunio          
--+                           
  |  +----- Lens              
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **
     +--+                     
        +-- Yaukthwa_panhai **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22028922--
  +-------- Physunio          
--+                           
  |  +----- Lens              
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **
     +--+                     
        +-- Yaukthwa_panhai **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
220281173--
        +-- Physunio           
  +-----+                      
  |     +-- Trapezoideus       
--+                            
  |  +----- Lens               
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni ** 
     +--+                      
        +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22028922--
  +-------- Physunio          
--+                           
  |  +----- Lens              
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **
     +--+                     
        +-- Yaukthwa_panhai **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101772--
  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis **
--+                       
  |  +-- Trapezoideus     
  +--+                    
     +-- Physunio

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110112122--
-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015644--
        +-- Trapezoideus     
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Physunio         
--+                          
  |  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Lens             
     +--+                    
        +-- Solenaia

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015644--
        +-- Trapezoideus     
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Physunio         
--+                          
  |  +----- Yaukthwa_paiensis **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Lens             
     +--+                    
        +-- Solenaia
 
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