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Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!


Publication Hoeh et al. (2001): cladograms
     publication summary | cladograms

Complete Citation

Hoeh, W.R., A.E. Bogan & W.H. Heard. 2001. A phylogenetic perspective on the evolution of morphological and reproductive characteristics in the Unionoida. [in] Bauer & Wächtler, Ecology and Evolution of the Freshwater Mussels Unionoida, Ecological Studies: 257-280. Available electronically.

Cladogram Figures

(click the figure number to see the cladogram)

Cladogram Figure 14f2
  +-------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea   
  |                                                      
  |                       +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta     
  |  +--------------------+                              
  |  |                    +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
--+  |                                                   
  |  |  +-------------------- Amblema_plicata            
  |  |  |                                                
  |  |  +-------------------- Coelatura_aegyptiaca       
  |  |  |                                                
  |  |  +-------------------- Eurynia_dilatata           
  +--+  |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Fusconaia_flava            
     |  |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Gonidea_angulata           
     |  |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Pleurobema_clava           
     |  |                                                
     |  +-------------------- Quadrula_quadrula          
     |  |                                                
     +--+        +----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
        +--------+                                       
        |        |  +-------- Glebula_rotundata          
        |        +--+                                    
        |           |  +----- Potamilus_alatus           
        |           +--+                                 
        |              |  +-- Ligumia_recta              
        |              +--+                              
        |                 +-- Toxolasma_lividum          
        |                                                
        |  +----------------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis    
        |  |                                             
        |  |              +-- Unio_pictorum              
        |  |  +-----------+                              
        +--+  |           +-- Unio_tumidus               
           |  |                                          
           |  |        +----- Pyganodon_grandis          
           |  |  +-----+                                 
           +--+  |     |  +-- Anodonta_cygnea            
              |  |     +--+                              
              |  |        +-- Strophitus_undulatus       
              |  |                                       
              |  |     +----- Diplodon_gratus            
              +--+     |                                 
                 |     +----- Echyridella_menziesii      
                 |  +--+                                 
                 |  |  +----- Lortiella_rugata           
                 |  |  |                                 
                 |  |  |  +-- Castalia_stevensi          
                 |  |  +--+                              
                 +--+     +-- Velesunio_angasi           
                    |                                    
                    |     +-- Mutela_dubia               
                    |  +--+                              
                    |  |  +-- Mutela_rostrata            
                    +--+                                 
                       |  +-- Anodontites_guanarensis    
                       |  |                              
                       +--+-- Anodontites_trigona        
                          |                              
                          +-- Monocondylaea_minuana      
Cladogram Figure 14f4
  +-------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea   
  |                                                                  
  |                                   +-- Castalia_stevensi          
  |                             +-----+                              
  |                             |     +-- Diplodon_gratus            
  |  +--------------------------+                                    
--+  |                          |  +----- Echyridella_menziesii      
  |  |                          +--+                                 
  |  |                             |  +-- Lortiella_rugata           
  |  |                             +--+                              
  |  |                                +-- Velesunio_angasi           
  |  |                                                               
  +--+                                +-- Mutela_dubia               
     |                          +-----+                              
     |                          |     +-- Mutela_rostrata            
     |  +-----------------------+                                    
     |  |                       |  +----- Monocondylaea_minuana      
     |  |                       +--+                                 
     |  |                          |  +-- Anodontites_guanarensis    
     |  |                          +--+                              
     +--+                             +-- Anodontites_trigona        
        |                                                            
        |  +----------------------------- Coelatura_aegyptiaca       
        |  |                                                         
        |  |                          +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta     
        +--+  +-----------------------+                              
           |  |                       +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
           |  |                                                      
           |  |  +----------------------- Gonidea_angulata           
           +--+  |                                                   
              |  |              +-------- Unio_pictorum              
              |  |              |                                    
              |  |  +-----------+-------- Unio_tumidus               
              +--+  |           |                                    
                 |  |           |  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
                 |  |           +--+                                 
                 |  |              |  +-- Strophitus_undulatus       
                 |  |              +--+                              
                 +--+                 +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
                    |                                                
                    |  +----------------- Amblema_plicata            
                    |  |                                             
                    |  |        +-------- Quadrula_quadrula          
                    |  |  +-----+                                    
                    +--+  |     |  +----- Eurynia_dilatata           
                       |  |     +--+                                 
                       |  |        |  +-- Fusconaia_flava            
                       |  |        +--+                              
                       +--+           +-- Pleurobema_clava           
                          |                                          
                          |           +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis    
                          |  +--------+                              
                          |  |        +-- Glebula_rotundata          
                          +--+                                       
                             |  +-------- Toxolasma_lividum          
                             +--+                                    
                                |  +----- Potamilus_alatus           
                                +--+                                 
                                   |  +-- Ligumia_recta              
                                   +--+                              
                                      +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
 
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