The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Publication Campbell et al. (2005): cladograms
publication summary | cladograms Complete CitationCampbell, D.C., J.M. Serb, J.E. Buhay, K.J. Roe, R.L. Minton & C. Lydeard. 2005. Phylogeny of North American amblemines (Bivalvia, Unionidae): prodigious polyphyly proves pervasive across genera. Invertebrate Biology 124(2): 131-164. Available electronically.
Cladogram Figures(click the figure number to see the cladogram) Cladogram Figure 1
+-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
+--------------------------------------------------+
| +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta
|
| +-------------------------------------------------- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| |
| | +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis
| | |
| +--------------------------------------+ +-- Anodonta_cygnea
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Alasminota_holstonia
--+ | +--+
| | | +----- Pyganodon_grandis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lasmigona_costata
| | +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus
| |
| | +----- Gonidea_angulata
| | +-----------------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Potomida_littoralis
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Pronodularia_japanensis
| |
| | +-- Megalonaias_nervosa
| | +-----------+
| | | +-- Uniomerus_declivis
| | |
| | +-----------------------------+ +----------- Theliderma_metanevra
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Quadrula_verrucosa
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | | +-- Quadrula_quadrula
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Quadrula_nobilis
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Cyclonaias_tuberculata
+--+ | +--+--+
| | | +-- Pustulosa_succissa
| | |
| | | +-- Pustulosa_infucata
| | +--+
| | +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana
| |
| | +----------------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------- Hemistena_lata
| | | |
| | +-----+ | +----- Plethobasus_cyphyus
| | | | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_arca
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Eurynia_dilatata
| | | | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | | +-- Parvaspina_collina
+--+ | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pleuronaia_gibber
| | | | +--------------------+
| | +--+ | | +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
| | | |
| | | | +----------- Fusconaia_subrotunda
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cor
| | | +--------------+ +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cerina__1
| | | | +--+ |
| | +--+ | +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +-- Fusconaia_flava
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei__1
| | | | |
| | | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei__2
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei__3
| | | |
| | | +-- Fusconaia_escambia
| | |
| | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| | | +-----------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| | | | +--+
+--+ | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| +--+
| | +-------------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| | | |
| +--+ +--------------+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__3
| | | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | |
| | | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
| +--+ |
| | +--------+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
| | | | |
| | | +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
| | | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| | |
| | +--------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| | | |
| +--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobema_rubellum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_taitianum
|
| +----- Plectomerus_dombeyanus
| +--------------------------------+
| | | +-- Reginaia_ebenus
| | +--+
| | +-- Reginaia_rotulata
| |
| | +----- Popenaias_popeii
| | +-----------------------------+
| | | | +-- Amblema_elliottii
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Amblema_plicata
| |
| | +-- Toxolasma_parvum
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Toxolasma_texasiense
| | +-----------------------+
| | | | +----- Obliquaria_reflexa
+--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| | +--+
| | +-- Glebula_rotundata
| |
| | +-- Potamilus_fragilis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| | | +--+
+--+ | +-- Potamilus_purpuratus
| |
| +-----------+ +-- Sagittunio_nasutus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Medionidus_conradicus
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Ptychobranchus_fasciolaris
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
| | |
| | | +----------- Medionidus_acutissimus
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Lemiox_rimosus
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Dromus_dromas
| +--+
| | +-- Cyprogenia_aberti
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia_stegaria
|
| +-- Ellipsaria_lineolata
| +-----------------------+
| | +-- Truncilla_truncata
| |
| | +----------------------- Villosa_villosa
| | |
| | | +-- Obovaria_olivaria
+--+ | +--------------+
| | | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| | |
| | +--+ +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
+--+ | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
| | |
| | | +----------- Epioblasma_brevidens
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Epioblasma_triquetra
| | +--+
| | | +----- Epioblasma_walkeri__2
| | +--+
| | | +-- Epioblasma_capsaeformis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Epioblasma_walkeri__1
|
| +-- Ligumia_recta
| +--------+
| | +-- Cambarunio_iris
| +--+
| | | +-------- Lampsilis_teres
| | +--+
| | | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| | +--+
| | +-- Leaunio_vanuxemensis
+-----+
| +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ornata
| |
+--+ +----- Hamiota_australis__2
| +--+
| | | +-- Hamiota_australis__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Hamiota_subangulata
+--+
| +----- Hamiota_altilis__2
| |
| | +-- Hamiota_altilis__1
+--+--+
| +-- Hamiota_perovalis__1
|
| +-- Hamiota_altilis__3
+--+
+-- Hamiota_perovalis__2
Cladogram Figure 2
+-- Cumberlandia_monodonta
+--------------------------------------------+
| +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
|
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| |
| +--------------------------------+ +-------- Pyganodon_grandis
| | | |
| | | | +-- Lasmigona_costata
| | +--+-----+
| | | +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus
--+ | |
| | | +----- Alasminota_holstonia
| | +--+
| | | +-- Anodonta_cygnea
| | +--+
| | +-- Anodonta_oregonensis
| |
| | +----- Gonidea_angulata
| | +-----------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Potomida_littoralis
| | | +--+
+--+ | +-- Pronodularia_japanensis
| |
| | +-------------------- Megalonaias_nervosa
| | |
| | +-----------------+ +----------------- Uniomerus_declivis
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------- Theliderma_metanevra
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----------- Quadrula_quadrula
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Quadrula_nobilis
| | | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | +-- Quadrula_verrucosa
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana
| | | | |
+--+ | | | +-- Cyclonaias_tuberculata
| | +--+--+
| | | +-- Pustulosa_succissa
| | |
| | | +-- Pustulosa_infucata
| | +--+
| | +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana
| |
| | +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus
| | |
| | | +----------------------------- Plethobasus_cyphyus
| | | |
| | | +----------------------------- Parvaspina_collina
| | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_arca
| | | | +--------------------------+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------------------- Eurynia_dilatata
| | | | |
+--+ | | +-------------------------- Hemistena_lata
| | | |
| | | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| | | | +-----------------+
| | | | | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-------------- Fusconaia_subrotunda
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cor
| | | +--------+ +--------+
| | | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-- Fusconaia_cerina
| | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Fusconaia_flava
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | +----- Fusconaia_burkei__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Fusconaia_escambia
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei__1
| | |
| | | +----- Pleuronaia_gibber
| | | +--------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | +--+ +--------+
+--+ | | | +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_taitianum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| | |
| | +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| | | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +--+
| | +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | |
| +--+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
| | |
| +--+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
| | |
| +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
|
| +-------- Popenaias_popeii
| |
| +--------------+ +-- Amblema_elliottii
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Amblema_plicata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Reginaia_ebenus
| | | |
| | +--+-- Reginaia_rotulata__1
| | |
| | +-- Reginaia_rotulata__2
| |
| | +----- Plectomerus_dombeyanus
| | +--------------+
+-----------+ | | +-- Toxolasma_parvum
| | +--+
| | +-- Toxolasma_texasiense
| |
| | +----- Obliquaria_reflexa
| | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Glebula_rotundata
| | |
| | | +-------------- Sagittunio_nasutus
| | | |
+--+ | +-------------- Leaunio_vanuxemensis
| | |
| | | +-- Ellipsaria_lineolata
| | +-----------+
| | | +-- Truncilla_truncata
| | |
| | | +----- Lampsilis_teres
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| | |
| | | +----- Villosa_villosa
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +-- Ligumia_recta
| | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio_iris
| |
| | +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
| +-----+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
| | +-- Potamilus_fragilis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| +--------+
| | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| | +--+
| | +-- Potamilus_purpuratus
| |
| | +-- Ptychobranchus_fasciolaris
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| |
+--+ +-------- Medionidus_conradicus
| | |
| | | +-- Lemiox_rimosus
| +--+-----+
| | +-- Medionidus_acutissimus
| |
| | +----- Dromus_dromas
| +--+
| | +-- Cyprogenia_aberti
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia_stegaria
|
| +----- Hamiota_australis__2
| +-----+
| | | +-- Hamiota_australis__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Hamiota_subangulata
+--+
| | +-- Hamiota_altilis__3
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Hamiota_perovalis__2
| +--+
| | +----- Hamiota_altilis__2
| +--+
| | +-- Hamiota_altilis__1
| +--+
| +-- Hamiota_perovalis__1
|
| +----------- Obovaria_olivaria
| |
| +----------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
| |
| | +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| +-----+
+--+ | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
|
| +-- Epioblasma_brevidens
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma_triquetra
+--+
| +----- Epioblasma_walkeri__1
+--+
| +-- Epioblasma_walkeri__2
+--+
+-- Epioblasma_capsaeformis
|
