The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Pleurobemini genus Pleurobema Rafinesque, 1819: cladomics
23 Recent valid species (31 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 23 (31 total)
analyzed in 112 cladograms in 66 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
18 (mean = 3.49, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 37
maximum number of included terminals = 18, (mean =
8.54 median = 6)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.51
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 31 | 43 | 71 | 87 | 41 | 8 | 0 | +----------------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +-------------------------------------- Parvaspina
| |
--+ | +----------------------------------- Plethobasus
| | |
| | +----------------------------------- Eurynia
| | |
| | +----------------------------------- Hemistena
+--+ |
| +----------------------------------- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------------------------- Pleuronaia
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| | | +--------------------------+
+--+ | | +-- Fusconaia
| | |
| | | +-------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **
| | | |
| | | | +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| | +--+ | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-----------+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| | | | | | |
+--+ | +--+ | | +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
| | | | |
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2 **
| | | |
| | | +--+ +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2 **
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+----------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1 **
| | | | +--+
+--+ | | | +----- Pleurobema_taitianum **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
| +--+ +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1 **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__6 **
| | |
| | +--+----- Pleurobema_clava__3 **
| | | |
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__5 **
| | | +--+
| +--------+ +-- Pleurobema_clava__2 **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__3 **
| +--+
| +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__4 **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_riddellii **
| |
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__34 **
| | |
| | | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__31 **
| | | |
+-----------+ | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__32 **
| | |
| | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__33 **
| | |
| | | +-------- Pleurobema__4 **
| | | |
| | | +-------- Pleurobema__5 **
+--+ | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__8 **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__9 **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema__10 **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__5 **
+--+ |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__6 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__7 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__8 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__9 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__10 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__11 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__12 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__13 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__14 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__15 **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__16 **
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__17 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__18 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__19 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__20 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__21 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__22 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__23 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__24 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__25 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__26 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__27 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__28 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__29 **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia__30 **
|
| +-- Pleurobema__6 **
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
|
| +-- Pleurobema__7 **
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__4 **
|
| +----- Pleurobema__3 **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema__1 **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema__2 **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 34 | 38 | 21 | 615 | 48 | 8 | 95 | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------------------------------------------- Parvaspina
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_fisheriana
--+ | +-----------------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Elliptio_nasutidus
| | |
| | | +----------------------------------------------------- Elliptio_spinosa
| | | |
+--+ | | +----------------------------- Elliptio_dariensis__5
| | | |
| | | | +----- Elliptio_arctata__3
| | | | |
| | | | +----- Elliptio_crassidens__4
| | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__5
+--+ | | | +--+
| | +--------------------+ | +-- Elliptio_roanokensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_complanata__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_pullata__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----- Elliptio_icterina__3
| | | | | |
| | | | +--------------------+ +-- Elliptio_dariensis__4
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__2
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__2
+--+ | | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__3
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Elliptio_fumata__2
| | | |
| | | +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__1
| | |
| | | +----------------------- Elliptio_crassidens__2
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_arca__2
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Elliptio_icterina__2
| | | | +-----------+
| | +--+ | | +----- Elliptio_dariensis__3
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_dariensis__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_mediocris
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__2
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__2
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__1
+--+ | +--+-----------+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_pullata__1
| | | |
| | | | +----------- Elliptio_arca__1
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Elliptio_arctata__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Elliptio_fumata__1
| | | +--+
| +--+ | +-- Elliptio_arctata__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__1
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__1
| | |
| | +--------+-- Elliptio__1
| | | |
| | | +-- Elliptio__2
| | |
| +-----+ +-- Elliptio_complanata__1
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__1
| | |
| +--+ +----- Elliptio_dariensis__1
| | |
| | +----- Elliptio_producta
| +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__2
| | |
| +--+-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__3
| |
| +-- Elliptio_icterina__1
|
| +----- Elliptio_shepardiana
| +-----------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Elliptio_angustata
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__1
| |
+--+ +-------------------------------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
| | +--------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Plethobasus_cyphyus
+--+ |
| | +-------------------------------------- Elliptio_fraterna
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **
| | | |
+--+ | +--+ +----------------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------------------------- Pleuronaia
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| | | +--+ +--------------+
+--+ | | | | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_clava__1 **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
| | | +--------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_clava__2 **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
+--+ |
| | +----------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2 **
| +--+
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| +--+
| | +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2 **
| +--+
| | +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1 **
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobema_taitianum **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
|
| +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Plethobasus_cooperianus
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
+-----------+ +-------- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda
| | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_cor
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus
|
| +----------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis
| |
| | +----- Fusconaia_escambia__2
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei
| | +--+
| | +-- Fusconaia_escambia__1
| |
+--+ +----- Fusconaia_masoni
| |
| +-----+ +-- Fusconaia_cerina__1
| | | |
| | +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina__2
| | |
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_flava__2
|
| +-- Fusconaia_askewi
| +-----+
| | +-- Fusconaia_chunii
+--+
| +----- Fusconaia_flava__1
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia_iheringi
+--+
+-- Fusconaia_mitchelli
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 40 | 34 | 16 | 57 | 25 | 8 | 117 | +-------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
--+ | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| | | |
+--+ | | +-------------- Fusconaia
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------- Pleuronaia
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Eurynia
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Parvaspina
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Elliptio
| +--+
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--+
| +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| |
+-----+ +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
| +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 16 | 57 | 25 | 8 | 118 | +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------------- Elliptio
| |
--+ | +-- Eurynia
| +--------------------------+
| | +-- Parvaspina
| |
+--+ +-- Hemistena
+--------------------------+
| +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-------------------------- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
+--+
| +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
| | +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
| | +--+
+--+ | | +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 34 | 29 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 7 | 115 | +----------------------------------- Parvaspina
|
| +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **
--+ |
| | +-- Plethobasus
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Hemistena
| +-----------------------+
| | | +-- Eurynia
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum__2 **
| |
| | +----------------------- Fusconaia
+--+ |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| | |
| | +-----------+ +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+ | | |
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1 **
| | | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
|
| +----------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 24 | 25 | 18 | 15 | 13 | 6 | 111 | +----- Eurynia
+-----------------+
| | +-- Plethobasus
| +--+
| +-- Elliptio
|
| +-------------------- Pleurobema_plenum **
--+ |
| +-------------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1 **
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Fusconaia
+--+ +--------+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__2 **
| | | |
| | +--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| | |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+ +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 24 | 17 | 17 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 120 | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
|
+--------+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
+--------+
| | +-------- Fusconaia
| | |
| +--+ +----- Pleuronaia
| | |
| | | +-- Eurynia
| +--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| | |
--+ +--+-- Plethobasus
| |
| +-- Parvaspina
| |
| +-- Elliptio
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| | |
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| |
+--+-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
|
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 18 | 17 | 16 | 26 | 20 | 7 | 120 | +----------------------------------- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Plethobasus
--+ +-----------------------------+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | +-- Hemistena
| |
| | +----------- Pleuronaia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
|
| +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_georgianum **
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 17 | 11 | 9 | 7 | 119 | +-------------------------------------- Parvaspina
|
--+ +----------------------------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +-- Plethobasus
+--+ +-----------------------------+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | +-- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
|
| +-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 35 | 25 | 17 | 21 | 20 | 7 | 115 | +----------------------- Hemistena
|
+----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
|
--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_riddellii **
| | |
| | +--------+ +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
+--+ | | |
| | +--+----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3 **
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
+--+
| +-------------- Parvaspina
| |
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| +-------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Plethobasus
+--+-----------+
| +-- Elliptio
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+ |
| +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_georgianum **
|
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
+----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 13 | 18 | 89 | 17 | 8 | 121 | +----------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +-- Plethobasus
+--+ +--------------------------+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------------------- Pleuronaia
+--+ |
| +-------------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +-- Eurynia
| +-----------------------+
+--+ +-- Parvaspina
|
| +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
+--+
| +-------------------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
| | |
+--+ +--------------+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__3 **
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+ |
| +--------+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
| | | |
| | +--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
| |
| +--------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
| | |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava **
|
| +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 23 | 23 | 17 | 89 | 17 | 8 | 117 | +-------------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------------------- Plethobasus
--+ |
| +----------------------------- Parvaspina
| |
| +----------------------------- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------------------------- Eurynia
| |
| +-------------------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +----------------------- Fusconaia
+--+ |
| | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2 **
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1 **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
|
| +-------------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +----- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
| |
| +-----------+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
| +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
|
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 21 | 3 | 16 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 124 | +-- Elliptio_arctata
+-----+
| +-- Elliptio_crassidens
|
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
--+ +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
| |
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__3 **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
+----- Fusconaia_flava
|
+----- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+----- Eurynia
|
+----- Elliptio_arca
|
+----- Cyrtonaias
|
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_athearni **
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
|
+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 23 | 8 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 7 | 127 | +-------------------- Cyrtonaias
|
+-------------------- Eurynia
|
+-------------------- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+-------------------- Fusconaia_flava
|
+-------------------- Hemistena
|
+-------------------- Plethobasus
|
+-------------------- Parvaspina
|
--+-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum **
|
+-------------------- Pleuronaia
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__2 **
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
|
+-------------------- Elliptio
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_decisum **
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
+----------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__1 **
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
+--+ +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
+--+ +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_georgianum__2 **
|
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1 **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_athearni **
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 27 | 25 | 6 | 117 | +-------------- Pleuronaia
+--+
| | +----------- Fusconaia
| +--+
| | +-------- Parvaspina
| +--+
| | +----- Elliptio
| +--+
| | +-- Eurynia
--+ +--+
| +-- Hemistena
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
+--+ +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_georgianum **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
|
| +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 123 | +-------------------- Fusconaia
|
| +----- Pleurobema **
--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_decisum **
| |
+--+ +----------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 15 | 4 | 9 | 15 | 13 | 6 | 121 | +----------------- Parvaspina
|
| +-------------- Elliptio_arca
| |
--+ +-------------- Hemistena
| |
| | +-- Elliptio_arctata
| +-----------+
| | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
+--+
| +----------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobema_clava **
| | |
+--+ +-------- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_georgianum **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
| |
+--+-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
|
+-------- Pleurobema_decisum **
|
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobema_rubellum **
|
| +----- Elliptio_spinosa
| |
+--+ +-- Fusconaia_escambia
| |
| +-- Fusconaia_flava
+--+
+-- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+-- Pleuronaia
Morrison et al., 2021 [Publ 4362], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 120 | +----------------- Fusconaia
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum **
|
| +----------- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_rubellum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_taitianum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_perovatum **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 24 | 23 | 6 | 36 | 19 | 8 | 119 | +-------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
--+ |
| | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| | +--------+
+--+ | | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
| | +----- Pleuronaia
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Parvaspina
| | +--+
| | +-- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
| +--+
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 36 | 19 | 8 | 118 | +-------------------- Elliptoideus
|
| +----------------- Hemistena
| |
--+ +----------------- Plethobasus
| |
| +----------------- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +-- Eurynia
+--------------+
| +-- Parvaspina
|
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| +-------------- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobema_stabile **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_decisum **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 15 | 15 | 6 | 37 | 19 | 8 | 111 | +----------------------- Elliptio
|
--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +----------------- Parvaspina
+--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_stabile **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 24 | 23 | 6 | 36 | 19 | 8 | 117 | +-------------------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +----------------------- Pleurobema_stabile **
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Hemistena
| |
+--+ +----------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 7 | 4 | 6 | 32 | 15 | 8 | 120 | +----------------- Elliptio
|
| +-------------- Parvaspina
--+ |
| +-------------- Plethobasus
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----------+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum **
|
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
|
+-- Pleurobema_clava **
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 118 | +----------------- Elliptio
|
--+ +-------------- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
| |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme__6 **
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__1 **
+--+ |
| +-- Pleurobema **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__2 **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__3 **
|
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__4 **
|
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__5 **
Hauck et al., 2023 [Publ 4333], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 122 | +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
| +--+
--+ +-- Fusconaia
|
| +-------- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2 **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1 **
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 118 | +----------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
|
--+ +-------- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme__7 **
+--+ |
| | +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__1 **
| | |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__2 **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__3 **
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__4 **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__5 **
|
+-- Pleurobema__1 **
|
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme__6 **
|
+-- Pleurobema__2 **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 28 | 3 | 3 | 118 | +-- Elliptio
+--------+
| +-- Eurynia
--+
| +-------- Fusconaia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 14 | 2 | 118 | +-------- Eurynia
|
--+-------- Fusconaia
|
| +----- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Johnson et al., 2023 [Publ 4323], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 118 | +-------- Fusconaia
--+
| +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_clava **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 28 | 3 | 3 | 118 | +-------------- Elliptio
--+
| +----------- Eurynia
+--+
| +-------- Fusconaia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 4 | 4 | 119 | +-------------- Elliptoideus
--+
| +----------- Elliptio
+--+
| +-------- Pleuronaia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_riddellii **
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 24 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 40 | 6 | 5 | -- | +----------- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Eurynia
--+ +-----+
| | +-- Hemistena
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Schilling et al., 2025 [Publ 4737], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----------- Pleuronaia_gibber
|
| +----- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Pleuronaia_estabrookiana
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana
|
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_parmaleei **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 39 | 6 | 5 | -- | +----------- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Eurynia
--+ +-----+
| | +-- Hemistena
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_clava **
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 27 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+
+-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
Schilling et al., 2025 [Publ 4737], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 2 | -- | +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides__2
|
+-----------+-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides__3
| |
| +-- Pleuronaia_barnesiana
--+
| +----------- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides__1
| |
+--+ +-- Pleuronaia_gibber
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleuronaia_estabrookiana
+--+
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_parmaleei **
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+
+-- Elliptio
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 8 | -- | +-------------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +----------- Elliptio
| |
| +----------- Plethobasus
+--+
| +-------- Parvaspina
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleuronaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_clava **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava **
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Pleurobema_cordatum **
Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Fusconaia
--+
+-- Pleurobema_rubellum **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_riddellii **
--+
+-- Elliptio
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
|
+-- Eurynia
--+
+-- Pleuronaia
|
+-- Fusconaia
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-------- Pleuronaia
|
--+-------- Pleurobema_clava **
|
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Hemistena
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Elliptoideus
--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +----- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 11 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_clava **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Elliptio
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_clava **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 84 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+
+-- Elliptio
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 80 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Elliptio
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+
+-- Elliptio
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
--+
+-- Elliptio
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 139 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Pleurobema_cordatum **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 81 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 198 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +-- Elliptio
| +--+
| | +-- Eurynia
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Eurynia
|
--+-- Pleurobema_clava **
|
+-- Fusconaia
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 200 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-------- Elliptoideus
|
--+ +-- Elliptio
| +--+
| | +-- Eurynia
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_clava **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 124 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_rubellum **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_decisum **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Eurynia
--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Eurynia
|
--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
|
+-- Fusconaia
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Elliptoideus
--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Fusconaia
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Elliptio
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 3 | 3 | -- | -- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
--+
+-- Elliptoideus
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +----- Elliptio
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Eurynia
--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme **
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
--+
+-- Elliptoideus
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Eurynia
--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Pleurobema_strodeanum **
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
+-- Fusconaia
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 86 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 200 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Elliptoideus
--+
| +-------- Elliptio
+--+
| +----- Eurynia
+--+
| +-- Fusconaia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
--+
+-- Pleurobema_oviforme **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Eurynia
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Pleurobema_sintoxia **
|
