The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina genus Alasmidonta Say, 1818: cladomics
11 Recent valid species (11 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 11 (11 total)
analyzed in 67 cladograms in 45 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
7 (mean = 1.46, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 9
maximum number of included terminals = 7, (mean =
4.44 median = 5)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.89
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 34 | 26 | 13 | 0 | +-- Utterbackia
+-----------------------+
| +-- Pyganodon
|
| +-------- Utterbackiana
| |
--+ +--------------+ +-- Lasmigona
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pseudodontoideus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pterosyna
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +----- Sulcularia
| +--------------+
| | | +-- Anodontoides
| | +--+
| | +-- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
| +--------------+
| | +-- Platynaias
| |
+--+ +-------------- Alasminota
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
+--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_arcula **
Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 30 | 27 | 14 | 1 | +-------------- Utterbackiana
+-----+
| | +----------- Alasminota
| +--+
| | +-------- Pseudodontoideus
| +--+
| | +----- Lasmigona
| +--+
| | +-- Pterosyna
| +--+
--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +-- Anodontoides
| +-----+
| | +-- Strophitus
| +--------+
| | | +----- Sulcularia
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pyganodon
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Utterbackia
|
| +-- Prolasmidonta
| +-----------+
| | +-- Platynaias
| |
+--+ +----------- Ligodonta
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
| +--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 7 | 21 | 20 | 11 | 0 | +----------------------- Utterbackiana
|
| +-- Utterbackia
| +-----------------+
--+ | +-- Pyganodon
| |
| | +----------- Alasminota
| | |
| | +-----+ +-- Anodontoides
+--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Strophitus
| | +--+
| | | +----- Sulcularia
| | +--+
| | | +-- Platynaias
+--+ +--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
|
| +-- Arcidens
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pseudodontoideus
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
| +--------+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
+--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_undulata **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_arcula **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 624 | 30 | 13 | 1 | +-------------------- Utterbackiana
|
| +----------------- Simpsonaias
--+ |
| | +-- Prolasmidonta
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Platynaias
| +--------+
| | | +-- Anodontoides
| | +--+
| | +-- Strophitus
+--+
| +----------- Alasminota
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **
| +--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 22 | 20 | 10 | 3 | +-------------------- Sulcularia
|
| +-------- Utterbackiana
| +--------+
| | | +----- Alasminota
--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Arcidens
| | +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontoideus
| |
+--+ +----- Alasmidonta_raveneliana **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis **
| +--------+--+
| | | +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
| | |
| | | +-- Alasmidonta_arcula **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
|
| +----------- Platynaias
+--+
| +-------- Strophitus
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia
+--+
+-- Anodontoides
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 11 | 8 | 4 | +-------- Pseudodontoideus
+--------+
| | +----- Lasmigona
| +--+
| | +-- Pterosyna
--+ +--+
| +-- Arcidens
|
| +-------------- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Pyganodon
| +--------+
| | +-- Utterbackia
+--+
| +-------- Platynaias
+--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 36 | 9 | 6 | -- | +-- Pterosyna
+-----------+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----------- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Pyganodon
| +-----+
| | +-- Utterbackia
+--+
| +----- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 37 | 9 | 6 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Lasmigona
| +-----+
| | +-- Pterosyna
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
| +--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 20 | 0 | 2 | 103 | 14 | 9 | 24 | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+-- Prolasmidonta
|
+-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
|
+-- Beringiana
|
+-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi
|
+-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana
|
+-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis
|
+-- Arcidens_confragosus
|
+-- Arcidens_wheeleri
|
+-- Pterosyna
|
--+-- Platynaias_compressa
|
+-- Lasmigona
|
+-- Platynaias_decorata
|
+-- Platynaias_subviridis
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris
|
+-- Pseudodontoideus
|
+-- Strophitus
|
+-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 8 | 8 | -- | +-------------- Strophitus
|
| +----- Pterosyna
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Lasmigona
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +-------- Utterbackia
| |
+--+-------- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
| +----- Pyganodon
+--+
| +-- Anodontoides
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 63 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Strophitus
--+
| +-- Lasmigona
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Utterbackiana
--+
| +-------- Utterbackia
+--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 4 | 3 | -- | +----- Strophitus
|
--+ +-- Platynaias
| |
+--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+-- Pyganodon
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 6 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 121 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Pyganodon
|
+----- Simpsonaias
--+
+----- Strophitus
|
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon
Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
--+
+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | 7 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
+--------+
| +-- Pyganodon
|
--+ +-- Anodontoides
| +-----+
| | +-- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
| +--+
| | +-- Alasminota
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontoideus
+--+
+-- Utterbackiana
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 124 | 4 | 4 | -- | -- Alasmidonta_marginata **
Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 7 | 7 | -- | +-- Pseudodontoideus
|
--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+-- Pterosyna
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Pterosyna
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 198 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Simpsonaias
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 200 | 6 | 5 | -- | -- Alasmidonta_marginata **
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 3 | 3 | -- | +----- Lasmigona
|
--+ +-- Strophitus
| |
+--+-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+-- Pyganodon
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 6B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 64 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Prolasmidonta
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Pyganodon
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 81 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pyganodon
--+
| +-------- Simpsonaias
+--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 139 | 7 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Pterosyna
| +--+
| | +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 6 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 74 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 80 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Simpsonaias
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 5 | 4 | -- | -- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 53 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Prolasmidonta
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Utterbackia
|
--+----- Utterbackiana
|
| +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Pyganodon
|
+----- Simpsonaias
--+
+----- Strophitus
|
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 5 | 5 | -- | +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+----- Pyganodon
|
--+ +-- Pterosyna
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona
|
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Lasmigona
+-----+
| +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
| +----- Simpsonaias
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 200 | 6 | 5 | -- | -- Alasmidonta_marginata **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 8 | 7 | -- | -- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackiana
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta_triangulata **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+-----+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Pyganodon
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Simpsonaias
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa **
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 9 | 5 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
+-----+
| +-- Pterosyna
|
--+ +-- Strophitus
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
|
