The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Cristariina genus Anemina Haas, 1969: cladomics
1 Recent valid species (1 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 1 (1 total)
analyzed in 96 cladograms in 66 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
1 (mean = 1, median = 1)
Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 32 | 8 | -- | +----------------- Cristaria
|
--+ +-------------- Beringiana
| |
| | +----- Mimo
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Acudonta
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Sinanodonta
|
| +-------- Pletholophus
+--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
+-- Buldowskia
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 5 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+-----+
| +-- Amuranodonta
--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
+-- Beringiana
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 26 | 6 | -- | +----- Amuranodonta
+-----+
| | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +--+
--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +-------- Cristaria
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 7 | 2 | -- | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-------- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +----- Cristaria
+--+
| +-- Pletholophus
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 2 | -- | Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 29 | 6 | -- | +----- Amuranodonta
+-----+
| | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +--+
--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +-------- Cristaria
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 79 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Pletholophus
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Sinanodonta
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Cristaria
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
+-- Anemina_harlandi **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 197 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-------- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +----- Cristaria
+--+
| +-- Pletholophus
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 10 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Buldowskia
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 8 | 3 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +-- Cristaria
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 140 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 2 | -- | Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 6 | 4 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
--+
| +-------- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +----- Beringiana
+--+
| +-- Mimo
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 26 | 7 | -- | +-------------- Pletholophus
|
| +----- Beringiana
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Mimo
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Sinanodonta
|
| +-------- Cristaria
+--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
+-- Buldowskia
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 12 | 5 | -- | +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| | +-- Amuranodonta
| +--+
--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +----- Cristaria
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-------- Sinanodonta
--+
| +----- Amuranodonta
+--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Buldowskia
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Sinanodonta
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Cristaria
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 53 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 8 | 5 | -- | +----- Amuranodonta
+--+
| | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +--+
--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +----- Cristaria
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 3 | 2 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 14 | 7 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Amuranodonta
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| | +--+
| | +-- Buldowskia
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
| +--+
| | +-- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Acudonta
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 121 | 23 | 6 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
--+ | +-- Amuranodonta
| +--+
| +-- Buldowskia
|
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 5 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Amuranodonta
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 5 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Amuranodonta
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 26 | 6 | -- | +----- Amuranodonta
+-----+
| | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +--+
--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +-------- Cristaria
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 87 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Sinanodonta
--+
+-- Anemina_harlandi **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 5 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Amuranodonta
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 5 | 2 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
|
--+-- Cristaria
|
+-- Sinanodonta
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 5 | 5 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
--+ +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +-----+
| | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
+-- Beringiana
Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 5 | 5 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
--+ +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| +-----+
| | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
+-- Beringiana
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 2 | -- | Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +-- Cristaria
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | -- | +-------- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +----- Cristaria
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 64 | 14 | 7 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Amuranodonta
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| | +--+
| | +-- Buldowskia
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
| +--+
| | +-- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Acudonta
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
+-- Anemina_harlandi **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 631 | 32 | 8 | -- | +----- Amuranodonta
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Buldowskia
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 14 | 7 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Amuranodonta
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| | +--+
| | +-- Buldowskia
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
| +--+
| | +-- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Acudonta
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 32 | 7 | -- | +----------------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Beringiana
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Acudonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinanodonta
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus_guangzhouensis
| +-----+
| | | +-- Pletholophus_tenuis
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pletholophus_reinianus
|
| +-------- Pletholophus_honglinhensis
+--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
+-- Buldowskia
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 26 | 6 | -- | +----------- Cristaria
|
| +----- Amuranodonta
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Buldowskia
|
| +----- Pletholophus
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 9 | 5 | -- | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 10 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Buldowskia
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 53 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristaria
--+
| +----- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
| +-- Beringiana
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
| +-- Cristaria
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Cristaria
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Sinanodonta
--+
| +-- Anemina_harlandi **
+--+
+-- Cristaria
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 10 | 5 | -- | +-- Anemina_harlandi **
--+
+-- Buldowskia
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | -- | Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | -- | Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 7 | 2 | -- |
|
