The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina genus Pyganodon Crosse & Fischer, 1894: cladomics
6 Recent valid species (6 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 6 (6 total)
analyzed in 188 cladograms in 113 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
5 (mean = 1.34, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 34
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean =
2.88 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.79
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Pyganodon__1 **
|
--+ +----- Pyganodon__3 **
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1 **
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_fragilis__1 **
| |
+--+-- Pyganodon__2 **
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta__2 **
|
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis__2 **
Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 32 | 14 | -- | +-------------- Utterbackiana
+--+
| | +----------- Alasminota
| +--+
| | +-------- Pseudodontoideus
| +--+
| | +----- Lasmigona
| +--+
| | +-- Pterosyna
| +--+
--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +-- Prolasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ligodonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
+-----+
| +-- Anodontoides
| +-----+
| | +-- Strophitus
+--+
| +----- Sulcularia
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 8 | +----- Utterbackia
|
| +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
| |
+--+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 9 | +----------- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-------- Pyganodon_fragilis **
| |
+--+ +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
| +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 7 | +-------------- Utterbackia
--+
| +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **
+--+
| +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 5 | 7 | +-------------- Utterbackia
--+
| +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **
+--+
| +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 15 | 2 | 5 | 10 | 8 | 5 | 18 | +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **
|
+----- Utterbackia_imbecillis
|
+----- Utterbackia_peggyae
|
+----- Anodonta
|
+----- Brachyanodon
|
+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1
|
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2
|
+----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
|
| +-- Lasmigona
+--+
| +-- Utterbackiana_implicata
|
| +-- Pterosyna
| |
| +-- Platynaias
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
--+-------- Pyganodon__2 **
|
| +----- Pyganodon__1 **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Pyganodon__1 **
--+
| +----- Pyganodon__2 **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
--+-------- Pyganodon__2 **
|
| +----- Pyganodon__1 **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 8 | +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+----- Pyganodon_cataracta **
|
--+----- Pyganodon_fragilis **
|
+----- Pyganodon **
|
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Arcidens
Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 6 | +-------- Utterbackia
|
--+ +----- Pyganodon_lacustris **
| |
+--+----- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 628 | 33 | 13 | 8 | +-------------- Utterbackia
+--+
| | +----------- Pyganodon_grandis **
| +--+
| | +-------- Pyganodon_lacustris **
| +--+
| | +----- Pyganodon_cataracta__2 **
--+ +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Potamilus
|
| +-------------- Utterbackiana
| |
+--+ +----------- Simpsonaias
| |
| | +-- Alasminota
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
| |
+--+ +-- Prolasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Anodontoides
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 13 | 7 | 5 | 7 | +-- Alasmidonta
+-----------+
| +-- Pterosyna
|
--+ +-- Strophitus
| +--------+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-------- Utterbackia
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 20 | 0 | 2 | 103 | 14 | 9 | 23 | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata
|
+-- Prolasmidonta
|
+-- Alasmidonta_undulata
|
+-- Beringiana
|
+-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi
|
+-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana
|
+-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis
|
+-- Arcidens_confragosus
|
+-- Arcidens_wheeleri
|
+-- Pterosyna
|
--+-- Platynaias_compressa
|
+-- Lasmigona
|
+-- Platynaias_decorata
|
+-- Platynaias_subviridis
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
|
+-- Pseudodontoideus
|
+-- Strophitus
|
+-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 1 | 1 | 11 | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 34 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 39 | 31 | 13 | -- | +-------- Utterbackia
+-----+
| | +----- Pyganodon_grandis__2 **
| +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_grandis__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
|
--+ +-------- Utterbackiana
| |
| +--+ +-- Lasmigona
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pseudodontoideus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pterosyna
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +----- Sulcularia
| +--+
| | | +-- Anodontoides
| | +--+
| | +-- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Alasminota
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 51 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Strophitus
|
--+ +----- Platynaias
| |
+--+----- Alasmidonta
|
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 28 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta
+-----+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
|
--+ +-- Lasmigona
| +-----+
| | +-- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 18 | +-- Gonidea
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unio
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 18 | +-- Gonidea
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Scriptolamprotula
|
+-- Unio
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 37 | 9 | 6 | -- | +----- Utterbackia
+-----+
| | +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
| +--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
| +-- Lasmigona
| +-----+
| | +-- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 25 | 23 | 10 | -- | +-------------------- Sulcularia
|
| +-------- Utterbackiana
--+ +--------+
| | | +----- Alasminota
| | +--+
| | | +-- Arcidens
+--+ +--+
| +-- Pseudodontoideus
|
| +-------------- Alasmidonta
| |
+--+ +----------- Platynaias
| |
+--+ +-------- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia
+--+
+-- Anodontoides
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 36 | 9 | 6 | -- | +-- Pterosyna
+-----------+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----------- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Platynaias
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +----- Utterbackia
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 28 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta
+-----+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | -- | Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta
+-----+
| +-- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Simpsonaias
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Pterosyna
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 7 | 7 | -- | Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 140 | 7 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Pterosyna
| +--+
| | +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Alasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Pterosyna
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Prolasmidonta
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 2 | -- | Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Platynaias
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 81 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
| +-------- Simpsonaias
+--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidonta
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 6 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Alasmidonta
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+----- Simpsonaias
--+
+----- Strophitus
|
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lasmigona
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 123 | 4 | 4 | -- | Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 0 | 0 | -- | Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Pterosyna
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Lasmigona
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 0 | 0 | -- | Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Strophitus
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 197 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 121 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+----- Simpsonaias
--+
+----- Strophitus
|
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 53 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Prolasmidonta
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | -- | Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackiana
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 101 | 3 | 3 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 5 | 5 | -- | +----- Alasmidonta
|
+----- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
--+ +-- Pterosyna
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona
|
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Strophitus
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lasmigona
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 0 | 0 | -- | Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 3 | 3 | -- | +----- Lasmigona
|
--+ +-- Strophitus
| |
+--+-- Alasmidonta
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Platynaias
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 0 | 0 | -- | Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 6 | 5 | -- | Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 73 | 6 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Lasmigona
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 13 | 8 | -- | +-------- Pseudodontoideus
+--+
| | +----- Lasmigona
| +--+
| | +-- Pterosyna
--+ +--+
| +-- Arcidens
|
| +-------- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| +--+
| | +-- Utterbackia
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Simpsonaias
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Strophitus
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Strophitus
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | -- | Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 5 | 4 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Utterbackia
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lasmigona
--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Prolasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 0 | 0 | -- | Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 8 | 7 | -- | Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Strophitus
--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 79 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Simpsonaias
--+
| +----- Strophitus
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Lasmigona
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+-----+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 53 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 5 | -- | +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
| +-- Platynaias
--+-----+
| +-- Strophitus
|
| +----- Lasmigona
+--+
| +-- Arcidens
+--+
+-- Pterosyna
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 87 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 101 | 3 | 3 | -- | +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
| +-- Lasmigona
+--+
+-- Pseudodontoideus
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Lasmigona
+-----+
| +-- Alasmidonta
--+
| +----- Simpsonaias
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 64 | 6 | 5 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
--+
| +-------- Pterosyna
+--+
| +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Alasmidonta
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Strophitus
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 26 | 11 | -- | +-------------------- Utterbackiana
|
| +-- Utterbackia
--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
+--+ +----- Alasmidonta
| +--------+
| | | +-- Arcidens
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pseudodontoideus
|
| +----------- Alasminota
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontoides
| +-----+
| | +-- Strophitus
+--+
| +----- Sulcularia
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
+--+
+-- Prolasmidonta
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-- Lasmigona
+--+
| +-- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lasmigona
--+
| +----- Alasmidonta
+--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Platynaias
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+
+-- Strophitus
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 8 | 8 | -- | +-------------- Strophitus
|
| +----- Pterosyna
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Lasmigona
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +-------- Utterbackia
| |
+--+-------- Alasmidonta
|
| +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
| +-- Anodontoides
+--+
+-- Platynaias
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lasmigona
--+
| +-- Strophitus
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Platynaias
--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | 7 | -- | +-- Utterbackia
+--------+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
--+ +-- Anodontoides
| +-----+
| | +-- Strophitus
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Alasminota
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontoideus
+--+
+-- Utterbackiana
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Strophitus
--+
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
