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The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Quadrulini | Uniomerus species Uniomerus carolinianus (Bosc, 1801): synonymy 12 specimens + 1 Genbank voucher Unio caroliniana Bosc, 1801 Bosc, 1801. Hist. Nat. Coquilles 3: 142. Bosc, 1824. Hist. Nat. Coquilles 3: 139, pl. 23, fig. 2.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Haas (1969) — R.I. Johnson (1970) Uniomerus carolinianus — Davis (1983), Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Bogan (2002), ... FMCS (2021), Neemuchwala et al. (2023), Hopper et al. (2023), FMCS (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026) Uniomerus caroliniana — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Lydeard et al. (1999), Kandl et al. (2001), Jones et al. (2005), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), IUCN (2012) Uniomerus carolinensis [sic] — Campbell & Lydeard (2012) | |
Unio obesus Lea, 1831
 Lea, 1831. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4 [O. 1]: 96, pl. 13, fig. 26. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85366, Little Ogeechee, Georgia.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio obesus, var. — de Gregorio (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969), Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Lydeard et al. (1996), Huang et al. (2002), Krebs et al. (2003), ITIS (2012) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Turgeon et al. (1998) Uniomerus caroliniana — IUCN (2012) | |
Unio blandingianus Lea, 1834
 Lea, 1834. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5 [O. 1]: 101, pl. 15, fig. 44. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85715, St. Johns R., Fla.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. blandingianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus-blandingianus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Unio paludicolus Gould, 1845
Gould, 1845. Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 2: 53. Type(s): LECTOTYPE MCZ_169278, Everglades of Florida.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. paludicolus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus-paludicolus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Unio hebes Lea, 1852
 Lea, 1852. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 267 [23], pl. 18, fig. 21. Lea, 1852. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum] Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85383, Oconee R., near Athens, Georgia.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio ineptus Lea, 1852
 Lea, 1852. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 261 [17], pl. 15, fig. 12. Lea, 1852. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251 [as ‘irreptus’]. [nomen nudum] Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85326, Abbeville District, SC.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio carolinensis Mørch, 1853 ‘Bosc’ of Authors. Mørch, 1853. Cat. Conch. Yoldi 2: 46. Campbell & Lydeard, 2012. Amer. Malac. Bull. 30(1): 33. (error for Unio caroliniana Bosc, 1801) | |
Unio cicur Lea, 1861
Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 39. Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 8]: 93 [97], pl. 13, fig. 241. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85532, Little Ocmulgee R., Georgia.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio squalidus Lea, 1863
Lea, 1863. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 15: 192.
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 22 [26], pl. 7, fig. 20. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85376, Roanoke R., Weldon, N.C.
Unio (sec. Elliptio) complanatus var. quadrilaterus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio bisselianus Lea, 1867
Lea, 1867. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 19: 81.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 277 [37], pl. 37, fig. 90. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85373, Bissels Pond, Charlotte, N.C.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) bissellianus [sic] — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) bissellianus [sic] — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956) Uniomerus bissellianus [sic] — Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio jewettii Lea, 1867
Lea, 1867. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 19: 81.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 276 [36], pl. 37, fig. 89. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85374, Sink of Noonan’s Lake, Fla.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Unio pawensis Lea, 1868
Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 161.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 302 [62], pl. 45, fig. 114. Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85380, Catawba R., N.C.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Unio rivicolus Conrad, 1868
Conrad, 1868. Amer. J. Conch. 4: 280, pl. 18, fig. 4. Type(s): HOLOTYPE ANSP_41411, Tampa, Fla.
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900) Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. blandingianus — Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014) | |
Unio bissellianus Lea, 1870 ‘Lea’ of Authors. Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 50. Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 743. Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 714. Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 35. Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 210. (error for Unio bisselianus Lea, 1867) | |
Unio irreptus Lea, 1852 Lea, 1852. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum] (error for Unio ineptus Lea, 1852) | |
Unio carolinanus Conrad, 1853 ‘Bosc’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 246. (error for Unio caroliniana Bosc, 1801) | |
Unio paludicolor Conrad, 1853 ‘Gould’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 254. (error for Unio paludicolus Gould, 1845)
Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. paludicolus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus-blandingianus — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) | |
Taxonomic History (since 1900)Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. blandingianus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (sec. Uniomerus) obesus var. paludicolus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (sec. Elliptio) complanatus var. quadrilaterus — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio (sec. Uniomerus) bissellianus [sic] — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914) Unio obesus, var. — de Gregorio (1914) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus-blandingianus — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (Uniomerus) obesus-paludicolus — Frierson (1927) Elliptio (Uniomerus) bissellianus [sic] — Frierson (1927) Uniomerus obesus — Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969), Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Lydeard et al. (1996), Huang et al. (2002), Krebs et al. (2003), ITIS (2012) Uniomerus bissellianus [sic] — Haas (1969) — R.I. Johnson (1970) Uniomerus tetralasmus — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975) Uniomerus carolinianus — Davis (1983), Davis (1984), Turgeon et al. (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Bogan (2002), ... FMCS (2021), Neemuchwala et al. (2023), Hopper et al. (2023), FMCS (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026) Uniomerus caroliniana — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Lydeard et al. (1999), Kandl et al. (2001), Jones et al. (2005), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), IUCN (2012) Uniomerus carolinensis [sic] — Campbell & Lydeard (2012)
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