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Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

genus Schistodesmus Simpson, 1900: cladomics
2 Recent valid species (3 total species)

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 2 (3 total)
analyzed in 84 cladograms in 50 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.4, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 31
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.1 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.97

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	3	42	19	10	0

  +-------------------- Globunio                 
  |                                              
--+  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                           
  |  |              +-- Middendorffinaia         
  +--+  +-----------+                            
     |  |           +-- Nodularia                
     |  |                                        
     |  |  +----------- Cuneopsis                
     +--+  |                                     
        |  |  +-------- Diaurora                 
        |  +--+                                  
        |  |  |  +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        +--+  +--+                               
           |     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           |     +--+                            
           |        +-- Schistodesmus **            
           |                                     
           |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
           +--+                                  
              |  +----- Inversiunio              
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Unio

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	3	42	19	10	1

  +----------------------- Globunio                 
  |                                                 
--+  +-------------------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                              
  +--+  +----------------- Middendorffinaia         
     |  |                                           
     +--+  +-------------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                        
        |  |  +----------- Cuneopsis                
        +--+  |                                     
           |  |     +----- Diaurora                 
           |  |     |                               
           |  +-----+  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+     |  |                            
              |     +--+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
              |        |                            
              |        +-- Schistodesmus **            
              |                                     
              |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
              +--+                                  
                 |  +----- Unio                     
                 +--+                               
                    |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
                    +--+                            
                       +-- Inversiunio

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	3	85	26	8	0

  +-------------------- Globunio                 
  |                                              
--+  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                           
  +--+  +-------------- Unio                     
     |  |                                        
     |  |           +-- Nodularia                
     +--+  +--------+                            
        |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis          
        |  |                                     
        +--+        +-- Tchangsinaia             
           |  +-----+                            
           |  |     +-- Cuneopsis                
           +--+                                  
              |  +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Schistodesmus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	89	9	5	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Cuneopsis                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	51	12	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+        +-- Tchangsinaia             
     |  +-----+                            
     |  |     +-- Cuneopsis                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nodularia                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                            
              +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	38	15	9	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
  |              +-- Middendorffinaia         
--+  +-----------+                            
  |  |           +-- Nodularia                
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis                
     |  |                                     
     |  |     +----- Diaurora                 
     |  +-----+                               
     +--+     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |     +--+                            
        |        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        |                                     
        |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Inversiunio              
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Unio

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	38	15	9	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
  |              +-- Middendorffinaia         
--+  +-----------+                            
  |  |           +-- Nodularia                
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis                
     |  |                                     
     |  |     +----- Diaurora                 
     |  +-----+                               
     +--+     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |     +--+                            
        |        +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        |                                     
        |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Inversiunio              
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Unio

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	51	27	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                  
        +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           |  +--+                            
           |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	71	18	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                  
        +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           |  +--+                            
           |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	22	12	7	--

  +----------------- Unio                     
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis                
     |  |                                     
     |  |     +----- Nodularia                
     +--+  +--+                               
        |  |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  |  +--+                            
        +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           |                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Inversiunio              
              +--+                            
                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	74	47	7	--

  +-------------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                              
--+  +----------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                           
  +--+  +-------------- Middendorffinaia         
     |  |                                        
     +--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
        |  |                                     
        +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
           |  |                                  
           +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
              |  +--+                            
              |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	197	17	5	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	197	17	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     |  +-----+                            
     |  |     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nodularia                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	93	20	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                        
  +--+           +-- Nodularia                
     |  +--------+                            
     |  |        +-- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis                
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	26	24	5	--

  +-------------- Middendorffinaia         
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
     |  |                                  
     +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  +--+                            
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	89	20	6	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
     |  |                                  
     |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                  
        |     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  +--+                            
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	19	5	3	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	15	10	6	--

  +-------------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                              
  |  +----------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                           
     |  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                        
        |  +----------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                     
           |  +-------- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                                  
              |  +----- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	36	21	7	--

  +-------------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                              
--+  +----------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                           
  +--+  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     |  |                                        
     +--+  +----------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                     
        +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           |  +-----+                            
           |  |     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           +--+                                  
              |  +----- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                               
                 |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
                 +--+                            
                    +-- Inversiunio

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	41	13	4	--

                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--------------+                            
  |              +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Nodularia                
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens      
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis    
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii     
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	21	11	7	--

  +----------------- Unio                     
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Cuneopsis                
     |  |                                     
     |  |     +----- Nodularia                
     +--+  +--+                               
        |  |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  |  +--+                            
        +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           |                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Inversiunio              
              +--+                            
                 +-- Pseudocuneopsis

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	119	25	7	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Middendorffinaia         
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Unio                     
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                  
        +--+  +----- Cuneopsis                
           |  |                               
           |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+--+                            
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
              |                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Inversiunio

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	43	13	4	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Nodularia                
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Tchangsinaia             
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Cuneopsis                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           +--+                            
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	12	5	4	--

  +----------------- Tchangsinaia             
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Cuneopsis_heudei         
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens      
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	89	9	5	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Cuneopsis                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	20	12	2	--

  +----- Nodularia                
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                            
     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	50	15	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                           
--+  +-------------- Unio                     
  |  |                                        
  +--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     |  |                                     
     +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
        |  |                                  
        +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           |  +--+                            
           |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	22	12	7	--

  +----------- Unio                     
  |                                     
  +----------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                     
--+  +-------- Cuneopsis                
  |  |                                  
  |  |  +----- Nodularia                
  |  +--+                               
  |  |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+  +--+                            
     |     +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
     |                                  
     |     +-- Tchangsinaia             
     |     |                            
     +-----+-- Inversiunio              
           |                            
           +-- Pseudocuneopsis

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	89	20	6	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
     |  |                                  
     |  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                  
        |     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  +--+                            
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	2	26	24	5	--

  +-------------- Middendorffinaia         
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +-------- Nodularia                
     |  |                                  
     +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        |  +--+                            
        |  |  +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **   
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	7	0	3	93	20	6	7

  +-------------------- Aculamprotula               
  |                                                 
--+  +----------------- Unio                        
  |  |                                              
  +--+  +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis             
     |  |                                           
     +--+  +----------- Nodularia                   
        |  |                                        
        +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__1 **
           |  +-----+                               
           |  |     +-- Cuneopsis                   
           +--+                                     
              |  +----- Tchangsinaia                
              +--+                                  
                 |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus__2 **
                 +--+                               
                    +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	4	2	--

  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                               
  |  +-- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                            
     +-- Unio

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	48	13	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	138	9	5	--

  +-------------- Unio                     
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Cuneopsis                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	43	9	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Nodularia                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	9	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Nodularia                
        +--+                            
           +-- Tchangsinaia

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	35	5	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Nodularia                
        +--+                            
           +-- Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	67	12	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Unio                     
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Inversiunio              
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nodularia                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                            
              +-- Tchangsinaia

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	39	10	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Unio                     
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Cuneopsis                
           +--+                            
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	52	6	6	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+        +-- Pseudocuneopsis          
     |  +-----+                            
     |  |     +-- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Cuneopsis                
           +--+                            
              +-- Tchangsinaia

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	16	10	4	--

  +-------- Unio                     
--+                                  
  |  +----- Nodularia                
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                            
        +-- Cuneopsis

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	138	9	5	--

  +----------- Unio                     
  |                                     
--+  +-------- Aculamprotula            
  |  |                                  
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                                  
     +-------- Nodularia                
     |                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii     
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	45	12	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	11	11	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula  
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Nodularia      
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Schistodesmus **  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Cuneopsis      
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia   
              +--+                  
                 +-- Inversiunio

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	19	1	1	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Unio

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	75	9	5	--

  +----------------- Unio                     
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii     
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	2	1	--

-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	21	4	2	--

  +----- Aculamprotula            
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                            
     +-- Unio

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	15	11	6	--

  +----------- Unio                     
  |                                     
--+  +-------- Pseudocuneopsis          
  |  |                                  
  +--+     +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     |  +--+                            
     |  |  +-- Cuneopsis                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Nodularia

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	67	12	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Unio                     
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Inversiunio              
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                            
              +-- Tchangsinaia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	39	19	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	10	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Nodularia                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	28	9	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                            
                 +-- Tchangsinaia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	53	8	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	67	12	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Unio                     
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Inversiunio              
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Nodularia                
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	5	2	--

  +----- Pseudocuneopsis          
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                            
     +-- Nodularia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	67	14	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	6	4	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Inversiunio

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	14	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	10	3	--

  +----- Unio                     
  |                               
--+  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  |  |                            
  +--+-- Cuneopsis                
     |                            
     +-- Nodularia

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	124	9	5	--

  +-- Unio_crassus             
  |                            
  +-- Unio_pictorum            
  |                            
  +-- Unio_tumidus             
  |                            
  +-- Aculamprotula            
  |                            
  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii     
--+                            
  +-- Tchangsinaia             
  |                            
  +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens      
  |                            
  +-- Nodularia_douglasiae     
  |                            
  +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae    
  |                            
  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	4	2	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Unio

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	196	17	5	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Unio                     
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	75	9	5	--

  +----------------- Unio                     
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii     
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
              +--+                            
                 +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	40	4	2	--

  +----- Aculamprotula            
--+                               
  |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                            
     +-- Unio

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	14	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Pseudocuneopsis          
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Cuneopsis                
              +--+                            
                 +-- Tchangsinaia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	79	10	5	--

  +-------------- Unio                     
--+                                        
  |  +----------- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                                     
     |  +-------- Nodularia                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
           +--+                            
              +-- Cuneopsis

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	13	2	2	--

  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                            
  +-- Aculamprotula

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	31	6	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Nodularia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	10	6	--

  +----------------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                           
  |  +-------------- Unio                     
  +--+                                        
     |  +----------- Middendorffinaia         
     +--+                                     
        |  +-------- Nodularia                
        +--+                                  
           |  +----- Cuneopsis                
           +--+                               
              |  +-- Inversiunio              
              +--+                            
                 +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	0	0	--

-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	9	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Nodularia

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	2	2	--

-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	33	2	2	--

-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	47	9	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Nodularia                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
        +--+                            
           +-- Tchangsinaia

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	32	7	3	--

-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	11	11	4	--

  +----------- Nodularia                
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Cuneopsis                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Unio                     
        +--+                            
           +-- Tchangsinaia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	20	10	6	--

  +----------- Unio                     
  |                                     
--+  +-------- Middendorffinaia         
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +----- Cuneopsis                
     |  |                               
     +--+----- Nodularia                
        |                               
        |  +-- Inversiunio              
        +--+                            
           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	6	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Nodularia                
        +--+                            
           +-- Tchangsinaia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	43	9	4	--

  +----------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                     
  |  +-------- Unio                     
  +--+                                  
     |  +----- Nodularia                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Tchangsinaia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	21	4	2	--

  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+                               
  |  +-- Aculamprotula            
  +--+                            
     +-- Unio

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	5	4	--

  +-------- Unio                     
--+                                  
  |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Nodularia                
     +--+                            
        +-- Tchangsinaia

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	52	11	6	--

  +-------------- Aculamprotula            
  |                                        
--+  +----------- Unio                     
  |  |                                     
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
     |  +-----+                            
     |  |     +-- Cuneopsis                
     +--+                                  
        |  +----- Pseudocuneopsis          
        +--+                               
           |  +-- Nodularia                
           +--+                            
              +-- Tchangsinaia

Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	3	3	--

  +-------- Aculamprotula            
--+                                  
  |  +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
  +--+                               
     |  +-- Nodularia                
     +--+                            
        +-- Unio

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