The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Unionini | Oxynaiina genus Schistodesmus Simpson, 1900: cladomics
5 Recent valid species (6 total species) Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 5 (6 total)
analyzed in 98 cladograms in 58 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
5 (mean = 1.93, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 52
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean =
2.75 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.98
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 60 | 18 | 4 | 0 | +-------------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----------+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_luqiaoensis **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 630 | 30 | 6 | -- | +----- Nodularia
+-----+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
| +--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Inversiunio
+--+
| +----- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Diaurora
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | +-------------- Cuneopsis
--+
| +----------- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_luqiaoensis **
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 91 | 15 | 4 | 0 | +-------------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----------+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_luqiaoensis **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 5 | 48 | 17 | 4 | 0 | +-------------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----------+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_luqiaoensis **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 41 | 8 | 3 | 1 | +-------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--------+
| | +----- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
--+ +--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
|
| +-------------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens
+--+
| +-------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 196 | 8 | 3 | 2 | +----- Nodularia
+--+
| | +-- Tchangsinaia
| +--+
--+ +-- Cuneopsis
|
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| |
+--+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
|
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 196 | 8 | 3 | 1 | +-------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 43 | 8 | 3 | 1 | +----------------- Nodularia
--+
| +-------------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +----------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 10 | 6 | 2 | +-- Tchangsinaia
+-----------------+
| +-- Inversiunio
--+
| +----------------- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +-------------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----------- Nodularia
+--+
| +-------- Diaurora
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 71 | 9 | 4 | 2 | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 195 | 8 | 3 | 2 | +----------- Nodularia
|
--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 89 | 9 | 4 | 2 | +----------- Nodularia
|
+----------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 138 | 18 | 4 | 2 | +-- Tchangsinaia
+-----------+
| +-- Cuneopsis
--+
| +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +-------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 93 | 9 | 4 | 9 | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 15 | 6 | 4 | 2 | +----------------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-------------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 50 | 11 | 4 | 2 | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 119 | 15 | 4 | 2 | +----------- Nodularia
|
--+ +-------- Cuneopsis
| |
| | +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+-----+
| +-- Inversiunio
|
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 10 | 6 | 3 | +----- Diaurora
|
--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| |
+--+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
|
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 42 | 10 | 6 | 2 | +-------- Diaurora
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 89 | 9 | 4 | 2 | +----------- Nodularia
|
+----------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 85 | 13 | 4 | 2 | +-- Nodularia
+--------+
| +-- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 36 | 12 | 5 | 2 | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------- Nodularia
| |
| | +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
|
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Inversiunio
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 11 | 6 | 2 | +-------- Diaurora
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 10 | 6 | 2 | +-- Tchangsinaia
+--------------+
| +-- Inversiunio
|
--+ +-- Cuneopsis
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +----------- Nodularia
+--+
| +-------- Diaurora
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 11 | 6 | 2 | +-------- Diaurora
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_tongpenensis **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 93 | 9 | 4 | 2 | +-- Nodularia
+-----------+
| +-- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +----------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 44 | 6 | 4 | 2 | +----------------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-------------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 23 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 40 | 9 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 28 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 74 | 22 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 5 | 4 | -- | +----------------- Tchangsinaia
--+
| +-------------- Cuneopsis_heudei
+--+
| +----------- Nodularia
+--+
| +-------- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 37 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 8 | 5 | -- | +----------- Cuneopsis
|
| +----- Nodularia
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
|
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Inversiunio
+--+
+-- Pseudocuneopsis
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 67 | 5 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 52 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| | +-- Nodularia
| +--+
--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
|
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 72 | 5 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 10 | 1 | -- | +----- Nodularia
--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 16 | 5 | 2 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 51 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-- Tchangsinaia
+-----+
| +-- Cuneopsis
--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 89 | 4 | 3 | -- | +----------- Nodularia
--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 6 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Nodularia
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 84 | 17 | 5 | -- | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +----------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Tongchuania
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 9 | 5 | -- | +-------- Cuneopsis
|
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
--+ +--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
|
| +-- Tchangsinaia
| |
+-----+-- Inversiunio
|
+-- Pseudocuneopsis
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 23 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 72 | 5 | 4 | -- | +-------------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +----------- Nodularia
+--+
| +-------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 52 | 17 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
|
--+ +-------- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
| +--+
| | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 89 | 4 | 3 | -- | +----------- Nodularia
--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 9 | 5 | -- | +----------- Cuneopsis
|
| +----- Nodularia
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
|
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Inversiunio
+--+
+-- Pseudocuneopsis
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 2 | 2 | -- | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
--+
+-- Schistodesmus_spinosus **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Inversiunio
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pseudocuneopsis
+-----+
| +-- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Nodularia
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 79 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
+-- Nodularia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Nodularia
Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Nodularia
+-----+
| +-- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 6 | 3 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Inversiunio
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 6 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 4 | -- | +-- Pseudocuneopsis
+-----+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Nodularia
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 5 | 3 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 2 | 2 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+
| +-- Nodularia
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 7 | 3 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 10 | 3 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
--+
| +-- Nodularia
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-------- Nodularia
--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 123 | 5 | 3 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 10 | 5 | -- | +-------------- Nodularia
--+
| +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Inversiunio
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 6 | 3 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Nodularia
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 6 | 3 | -- | +----------------- Nodularia
|
| +----- Cuneopsis_rufescens__2
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis__2
|
| +----------- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-------- Cuneopsis_celtiformis__1
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii__2
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii__1
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_rufescens__1
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
--+
+-- Inversiunio
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 4 | 4 | -- | +----------- Pseudocuneopsis
--+
| +-------- Nodularia
+--+
| +----- Tchangsinaia
+--+
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Nodularia
--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 6 | 3 | -- | +-------- Inversiunio
--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 5 | 3 | -- | +----------- Nodularia
--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_rufescens
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Nodularia
--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 6 | 3 | -- | +-------- Inversiunio
--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
+--+
+-- Tchangsinaia
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 5 | 3 | -- | +----------- Nodularia
--+
| +-------- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
+--+
| +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_rufescens
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 8 | 3 | -- | +----- Cuneopsis
|
--+----- Nodularia
|
| +-- Inversiunio
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 6 | 2 | -- | +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis **
|
--+-- Cuneopsis
|
+-- Nodularia
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus **
|
