MUSSELp
 
MUSSELpdb
 
 
Taxonomy
 
 
Geography
 
 
 

Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!


Bivalvia | ... | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Pseudodontini | Pseudodontina

genus Bineurus Simpson, 1900: cladomics
     5 Recent valid species (5 total species)

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 5 (5 total)
analyzed in 40 cladograms in 27 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 5 (mean = 2.68, median = 3)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 34
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean = 2.97 median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.91


Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ Tree


Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4435543190
  +-------------------------- Pseudodon              
  |                                                  
  |                       +-- Isannaia               
  |                 +-----+                          
--+                 |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha         
  |  +--------------+                                
  |  |              |  +----- Namkongnaia            
  |  |              +--+                             
  |  |                 |  +-- Lannanaia              
  +--+                 +--+                          
     |                    +-- Songkhlanaia           
     |                                               
     |  +-------------------- Sundadontina           
     +--+                                            
        |  +----------------- Nyeinchanconcha        
        +--+                                         
           |  +-------------- Thaiconcha             
           +--+                                      
              |  +----------- Bineurus_loeiensis **     
              +--+                                   
                 |  +-------- Bineurus_panhai **        
                 +--+                                
                    |  +----- Bineurus_anodontinum__2 **
                    +--+                             
                       |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum__1 **
                       +--+                          
                          +-- Bineurus_exilis **        

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5535453394
                          +-- Lannanaia           
  +-----------------------+                       
  |                       +-- Pilsbryoconcha      
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Songkhlanaia        
  |  |                                            
  |  |              +-------- Sundadontina        
  +--+  +-----------+                             
     |  |           |  +----- Isannaia            
     |  |           +--+                          
     |  |              |  +-- Namkongnaia         
     +--+              +--+                       
        |                 +-- Pseudodon           
        |                                         
        |  +----------------- Nyeinchanconcha     
        +--+                                      
           |  +-------------- Thaiconcha          
           +--+                                   
              |  +----------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
              +--+                                
                 |  +-------- Bineurus_exilis **     
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **   
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Bineurus_panhai **     

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5535363172
  +-------------------------- Songkhlanaia        
  |                                               
  |                       +-- Nyeinchanconcha     
--+  +--------------------+                       
  |  |                    +-- Sundadontina        
  |  |                                            
  +--+                    +-- Pseudodon           
     |  +-----------------+                       
     |  |                 +-- Pilsbryoconcha      
     +--+                                         
        |  +----------------- Namkongnaia         
        +--+                                      
           |  +-------------- Thaiconcha          
           +--+                                   
              |  +----------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
              +--+                                
                 |  +-------- Bineurus_panhai **     
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Bineurus_anodontinum **
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Bineurus_exilis **     
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **   

Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
55358662
     +----------- Bineurus_mouhotii **   
  +--+                                
  |  |  +-------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
  |  +--+                             
  |     |  +----- Bineurus_panhai **     
  |     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
--+        +--+                       
  |           +-- Bineurus_exilis **     
  |                                   
  |        +----- Namkongnaia         
  |     +--+                          
  |     |  |  +-- Sundadontina        
  |     |  +--+                       
  +-----+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha     
        |                             
        |  +----- Pseudodon           
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha      
           +--+                       
              +-- Thaiconcha          

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424353073
  +-------------------------- Pilsbryoconcha      
  |                                               
--+  +----------------------- Songkhlanaia        
  |  |                                            
  +--+                    +-- Namkongnaia         
     |  +-----------------+                       
     |  |                 +-- Pseudodon           
     +--+                                         
        |  +----------------- Sundadontina        
        +--+                                      
           |  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha     
           +--+                                   
              |  +----------- Thaiconcha          
              +--+                                
                 |  +-------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
                 +--+                             
                    |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **   
                    +--+                          
                       |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
                       +--+                       
                          +-- Bineurus_exilis **     

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424782273
  +----------------------------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                                  
  |  +-------------------------- Songkhlanaia        
  +--+                                               
     |  +----------------------- Namkongnaia         
     +--+                                            
        |  +-------------------- Pseudodon           
        +--+                                         
           |  +----------------- Sundadontina        
           +--+                                      
              |  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha     
              +--+                                   
                 |  +----------- Thaiconcha          
                 +--+                                
                    |  +-------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
                    +--+                             
                       |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **   
                       +--+                          
                          |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
                          +--+                       
                             +-- Bineurus_exilis **     

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424231563
                 +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2
  +--------------+                              
  |              |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1
  |              +--+                           
  |                 +-- Namkongnaia             
--+                                             
  |                 +-- Pseudodon               
  |  +--------------+                           
  |  |              +-- Sundadontina            
  +--+                                          
     |  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha         
     +--+                                       
        |  +----------- Thaiconcha              
        +--+                                    
           |  +-------- Bineurus_loeiensis **      
           +--+                                 
              |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **       
              +--+                              
                 |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **    
                 +--+                           
                    +-- Bineurus_exilis **         

Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4424353073
  +-------------------- Pilsbryoconcha      
  |                                         
  |           +-------- Songkhlanaia        
--+  +--------+                             
  |  |        |  +----- Sundadontina        
  |  |        +--+                          
  |  |           |  +-- Namkongnaia         
  +--+           +--+                       
     |              +-- Pseudodon           
     |                                      
     |  +-------------- Nyeinchanconcha     
     +--+                                   
        |  +----------- Thaiconcha          
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **   
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Bineurus_exilis **     

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313196954
  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha       
  |                               
  +-------- Thaiconcha            
  |                               
  +-------- Sundadontina_cumingii 
  |                               
  +-------- Sundadontina_tumida__1
--+                               
  +-------- Sundadontina_tumida__2
  |                               
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha        
  |                               
  +-------- Pseudodon             
  |                               
  |  +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **    
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **     
     +--+                         
        +-- Bineurus_exilis **       

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33131091454
        +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +-- Bineurus_exilis **   
  |     +--+                     
--+        +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
  |                              
  |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha   
  |  |                           
  +--+     +-- Thaiconcha        
     |  +--+                     
     |  |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha    
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Pseudodon         
        +--+                     
           +-- Sundadontina      

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313136954
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha       
  |                                       
  |              +-- Sundadontina_tumida  
--+  +-----------+                        
  |  |           +-- Pseudodon            
  |  |                                    
  +--+           +-- Nyeinchanconcha      
     |  +--------+                        
     |  |        +-- Sundadontina_cumingii
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha           
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Bineurus_exilis **      
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **    
              +--+                        
                 +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **   

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313196954
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha    
  |                                    
--+              +-- Pseudodon         
  |  +-----------+                     
  |  |           +-- Sundadontina      
  +--+                                 
     |  +----------- Nyeinchanconcha   
     +--+                              
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha        
        +--+                           
           |  +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **
           +--+                        
              |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
              +--+                     
                 +-- Bineurus_exilis **   

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313331564
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha       
  |                                       
  |              +-- Namkongnaia          
  |        +-----+                        
  |        |     +-- Pseudodon            
--+  +-----+                              
  |  |     |  +----- Sundadontina_tumida  
  |  |     +--+                           
  |  |        |  +-- Sundadontina_brandti 
  |  |        +--+                        
  +--+           +-- Sundadontina_taskaevi
     |                                    
     |           +-- Nyeinchanconcha      
     |  +--------+                        
     |  |        +-- Sundadontina_cumingii
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha           
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Bineurus_mouhotii **    
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Bineurus_panhai **      
              +--+                        
                 +-- Bineurus_exilis **      

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313421154
     +-------- Nyeinchanconcha   
  +--+                           
  |  |  +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **
  |  +--+                        
  |     |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
  |     +--+                     
--+        +-- Bineurus_exilis **   
  |                              
  |        +-- Thaiconcha        
  |     +--+                     
  |     |  +-- Sundadontina      
  +-----+                        
        |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha    
        +--+                     
           +-- Pseudodon         

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3303331564
  +-------------- Pilsbryoconcha   
  |                                
  |        +----- Sundadontina     
--+  +-----+                       
  |  |     |  +-- Namkongnaia      
  |  |     +--+                    
  +--+        +-- Pseudodon        
     |                             
     |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha  
     |  |                          
     +--+  +----- Thaiconcha       
        |  |                       
        +--+  +-- Bineurus_panhai **  
           |  |                    
           +--+-- Bineurus_exilis **  
              |                    
              +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
380349528
  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vagulus         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi         
  |                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis     
--+                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera 
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **        
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_exilis **           
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33131151454
        +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +-- Bineurus_exilis **   
  |     +--+                     
--+        +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
  |                              
  |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha   
  |  |                           
  +--+     +-- Thaiconcha        
     |  +--+                     
     |  |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha    
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Pseudodon         
        +--+                     
           +-- Sundadontina      

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313122954
        +-- Nyeinchanconcha      
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sundadontina_cumingii
  |                              
  |     +-- Sundadontina_tumida  
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Pseudodon            
--+                              
  |     +-- Thaiconcha           
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha       
  |                              
  |  +----- Bineurus_exilis **      
  +--+                           
     |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **    
     +--+                        
        +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **   

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33131361054
  +-------- Thaiconcha        
--+                           
  |  +----- Bineurus_exilis **   
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
     +--+                     
        +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313194954
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha       
  |                                       
  |              +-- Sundadontina_tumida  
--+  +-----------+                        
  |  |           +-- Pseudodon            
  |  |                                    
  +--+           +-- Nyeinchanconcha      
     |  +--------+                        
     |  |        +-- Sundadontina_cumingii
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------- Thaiconcha           
        +--+                              
           |  +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **   
           +--+                           
              |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **    
              +--+                        
                 +-- Bineurus_exilis **      

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3313421154
           +-- Thaiconcha        
  +--------+                     
  |        +-- Sundadontina      
  |                              
  |        +-- Pilsbryoconcha    
--+--------+                     
  |        +-- Pseudodon         
  |                              
  |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha   
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Bineurus_loeiensis **
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 
        +--+                     
           +-- Bineurus_exilis **   

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
380380528
  +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vagulus         
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_mekongi         
  |                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis     
--+                             
  +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera 
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **        
  |                             
  +-- Bineurus_exilis **           
  |                             
  +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023054--
  +-------------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                   
  |  +----------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                                
     |  +-------- Sundadontina        
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Thaiconcha          
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
           +--+                       
              +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023543--
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
        +--+                       
           +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22024595--
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                      
  |  +-------------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                                   
     |  +----------- Sundadontina        
     +--+                                
        |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha     
        +--+                             
           |  +----- Thaiconcha          
           +--+                          
              |  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
              +--+                       
                 +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
250235436
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha      
  |                             
--+  +----- Bineurus_anodontinum **
  |  |                          
  +--+----- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
     |                          
     |  +-- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                       
        +-- Pseudodon           

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22024695--
  +----------------- Pilsbryoconcha    
--+                                    
  |  +-------------- Pseudodon         
  +--+                                 
     |  +----------- Sundadontina      
     +--+                              
        |  +-------- Nyeinchanconcha   
        +--+                           
           |  +----- Thaiconcha        
           +--+                        
              |  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **
              +--+                     
                 +-- Bineurus_mouhotii ** 

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023543--
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
        +--+                       
           +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023543--
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
        +--+                       
           +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023643--
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pseudodon           
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
        +--+                       
           +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023543--
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha      
  |                             
--+     +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                       
        +-- Pseudodon           

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
220274136--
        +----- Pilsbryoconcha   
  +-----+                       
  |     |  +-- Namkongnaia      
  |     +--+                    
  |        +-- Pseudodon        
--+                             
  |        +-- Nyeinchanconcha  
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Sundadontina     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Thaiconcha       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Bineurus_panhai **  
        +--+                    
           +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
220274136--
        +----- Pilsbryoconcha   
  +-----+                       
  |     |  +-- Namkongnaia      
  |     +--+                    
  |        +-- Pseudodon        
--+                             
  |        +-- Nyeinchanconcha  
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Sundadontina     
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Thaiconcha       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Bineurus_panhai **  
        +--+                    
           +-- Bineurus_mouhotii **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22024464--
           +-- Pilsbryoconcha      
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Pseudodon           
--+                                
  |  +-------- Sundadontina        
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Thaiconcha          
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Bineurus_loeiensis **  
        +--+                       
           +-- Bineurus_anodontinum **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015633--
  +-------- Bineurus_anodontinum **
--+                             
  |  +----- Pilsbryoconcha      
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Pseudodon           
     +--+                       
        +-- Sundadontina        

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015633--
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha      
--+                             
  |  +----- Bineurus_anodontinum **
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Pseudodon           
     +--+                       
        +-- Sundadontina        

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013054--
  +-------- Sundadontina   
  |                        
--+     +-- Nyeinchanconcha
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Bineurus_exilis **
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Pilsbryoconcha 
     +--+                  
        +-- Pseudodon      

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017943--
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha 
--+                        
  |  +----- Pseudodon      
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Bineurus_exilis **
     +--+                  
        +-- Nyeinchanconcha

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013954--
  +----------- Pilsbryoconcha 
--+                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodon      
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Sundadontina   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Nyeinchanconcha
        +--+                  
           +-- Bineurus_exilis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110112054--
  +-------- Pilsbryoconcha   
  |                          
--+  +----- Pseudodon        
  |  |                       
  +--+  +-- Nyeinchanconcha  
     |  |                    
     +--+-- Bineurus_mouhotii **
        |                    
        +-- Sundadontina     
 
NSF icon MUSSEL icon
"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."