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Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

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Publication Lopes-Lima et al. (2017): cladograms
     publication summary | cladograms

Complete Citation

Lopes-Lima, M., E. Froufe, V.T. Do, M. Ghamizi, K.E. Mock et al. 2017. Phylogeny of the most species-rich freshwater bivalve family (Bivalvia: Unionida: Unionidae): Defining modern subfamilies and tribes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 106: 174-191. Available electronically.

Cladogram Figures

(click the figure number to see the cladogram)

Cladogram Figure 1-2
  +----------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea   
  |                                                                     
  |                                      +-- Hyridella_depressa         
  |  +-----------------------------------+                              
  |  |                                   +-- Velesunio_ambiguus         
--+  |                                                                  
  |  |                                   +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta     
  |  |  +--------------------------------+                              
  |  |  |                                +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
  |  |  |                                                               
  |  |  |                       +----------- Mutela_rostrata            
  +--+  |                       |                                       
     |  |  +--------------------+        +-- Aspatharia_pfeifferiana    
     |  |  |                    |  +-----+                              
     |  |  |                    |  |     +-- Chambardia_wahlbergi       
     |  |  |                    +--+                                    
     |  |  |                       |  +----- Etheria_elliptica          
     |  |  |                       +--+                                 
     |  |  |                          |  +-- Tamsiella_schroeteriana    
     +--+  |                          +--+                              
        |  |                             +-- Mycetopoda_siliquosa       
        |  |                                                            
        |  |                       +-------- Trapezidens_dolichorhynchus
        |  |  +--------------------+                                    
        |  |  |                    |  +----- Leoparreysia_tavoyensis    
        |  |  |                    +--+                                 
        |  |  |                       |  +-- Coelatura_aegyptiaca       
        |  |  |                       +--+                              
        |  |  |                          +-- Indochinella_pugio         
        |  |  |                                                         
        |  |  |                       +----- Unio_gibbus                
        +--+  |                       |                                 
           |  |           +-----------+----- Unio_tumidus               
           |  |           |           |                                 
           |  |           |           |  +-- Unio_crassus               
           |  |           |           +--+                              
           |  |        +--+              +-- Unio_pictorum              
           |  |        |  |                                             
           |  |        |  |  +-------------- Aculamprotula_tortuosa     
           |  |        |  |  |                                          
           |  |        |  +--+           +-- Nodularia_nuxpersicae      
           |  |        |     |  +--------+                              
           |  |        |     |  |        +-- Nodularia_douglasiae       
           |  |        |     +--+                                       
           |  |        |        |  +-------- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus  
           |  |        |        +--+                                    
           |  |        |           |  +----- Tchangsinaia_piscicula     
           |  |        |           +--+                                 
           |  |  +-----+              |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii       
           |  |  |     |              +--+                              
           |  |  |     |                 +-- Cuneopsis_rufescens        
           +--+  |     |                                                
              |  |     |           +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola       
              |  |     |  +--------+                                    
              |  |     |  |        |  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2      
              |  |     |  |        +--+                                 
              |  |     |  |           |  +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata     
              |  |     |  |           +--+                              
              |  |     |  |              +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1      
              |  |     |  |                                             
              |  |     +--+     +----------- Cristaria_plicata          
              |  |        |  +--+                                       
              |  |        |  |  |  +-------- Anemina_arcaeformis        
              |  |        |  |  +--+                                    
              |  |        |  |     |  +----- Pletholophus_tenuis        
              |  |        |  |     +--+                                 
              |  |        |  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi        
              |  |        |  |        +--+                              
              |  |        +--+           +-- Sinanodonta_lucida         
              |  |           |                                          
              |  |           |        +----- Pseudanodonta_complanata   
              |  |           |        |                                 
              |  |           |  +-----+  +-- Anodonta_anatina           
              |  |           |  |     |  |                              
              |  |           |  |     +--+-- Anodonta_cygnea            
              |  |           |  |        |                              
              |  |           +--+        +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
              |  |              |                                       
              |  |              |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis          
              +--+              |  +-----+                              
                 |              |  |     +-- Simpsonaias_ambigua        
                 |              +--+                                    
                 |                 |  +----- Strophitus_undulatus       
                 |                 +--+                                 
                 |                    |  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
                 |                    +--+                              
                 |                       +-- Lasmigona_costata          
                 |                                                      
                 |                       +-- Lens_contradens            
                 |                    +--+                              
                 |                    |  +-- Lens_comptus               
                 |                 +--+                                 
                 |                 |  |  +-- Physunio_modelli           
                 |                 |  +--+                              
                 |                 |     +-- unionoid_species           
                 |                 |                                    
                 |  +--------------+  +----- Hyriopsis_desowitzi        
                 |  |              |  |                                 
                 |  |              |  +----- Rectidens_sumatrensis      
                 |  |              |  |                                 
                 |  |              |  |  +-- Hyriopsis_khoratensis      
                 |  |              +--+--+                              
                 |  |                 |  +-- Hyriopsis_myersiana        
                 |  |                 |                                 
                 |  |                 |  +-- Ensidens_ingallsianus      
                 |  |                 |  |                              
                 |  |                 +--+-- Ensidens_telus             
                 |  |                    |                              
                 |  |                    +-- Ensidens_jaculus           
                 |  |                                                   
                 |  |              +-------- Amblema_plicata            
                 +--+           +--+                                    
                    |           |  |  +----- Cambarunio_iris            
                    |           |  +--+                                 
                    |           |     |  +-- Lampsilis_cardium          
                    |           |     +--+                              
                    |  +--------+        +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina    
                    |  |        |                                       
                    |  |        |        +-- Quadrula_quadrula          
                    |  |        |  +-----+                              
                    |  |        |  |     +-- Quadrula_verrucosa         
                    |  |        +--+                                    
                    |  |           |  +----- Elliptio_complanata        
                    |  |           +--+                                 
                    |  |              |  +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia        
                    |  |              +--+                              
                    |  |                 +-- Eurynia_dilatata           
                    +--+                                                
                       |                 +-- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai 
                       |           +-----+                              
                       |           |     +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii     
                       |           |                                    
                       |  +--------+     +-- Lamprotula_caveata         
                       |  |        |  +--+                              
                       |  |        |  |  +-- Lamprotula_leaii           
                       |  |        +--+                                 
                       |  |           |  +-- Potomida_littoralis        
                       |  |           +--+                              
                       |  |              +-- Pronodularia_japanensis    
                       +--+                                             
                          |              +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata      
                          |        +-----+                              
                          |        |     +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora      
                          |  +-----+                                    
                          |  |     |  +----- Gonidea_angulata           
                          |  |     +--+                                 
                          |  |        |  +-- Microcondylaea_bonellii    
                          +--+        +--+                              
                             |           +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi       
                             |                                          
                             |  +----------- Parvasolenaia_rivularis    
                             |  |                                       
                             +--+        +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis      
                                |  +-----+                              
                                |  |     +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta       
                                +--+                                    
                                   |  +----- Pseudodon_vagulus          
                                   +--+                                 
                                      |  +-- Bineurus_exilis            
                                      +--+                              
                                         +-- Nyeinchanconcha_nyeinchani 
 
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