The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Publication Campbell & Lydeard (2026): cladograms
publication summary | cladograms Complete CitationCampbell, D.C. & C. Lydeard. 2026. Three decades of mussel mitochondria. Malacologia 68(1/2): 237-294.
Cladogram Figures(click the figure number to see the cladogram) Cladogram Figure 3_5
+-------------------------------------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea
|
| +----------------- Mutela_dubia
| +-----------------------------------------------+
| | | +-------------- Chambardia_rubens
| | +--+
| | | +----------- Anodontites_trapesialis
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Monocondylaea_parchappii
| | +--+
--+ | | +----- Lamproscapha_ensiformis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Tamsiella_schroeteriana
| | +--+
| | +-- Fossula_fossiculifera
| |
| | +----------- Westralunio_carteri
| | +--------------------------------------------------+
| | | | +-------- Echyridella_menziesii
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Diplodon_suavidicus
+--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Castalia_ambigua
| | +--+
| | +-- Prisodon_obliquus
| |
| | +----- Gibbosula_rochechouartii
| | +-----------------+
| | | | +-- Gibbosula_crassa
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosula_laosensis
| | +-----------------------------------+
| | | | +-------------------- Cumberlandia_monodonta
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pseudunio_marocanus
| | | +--+ +-----------+
| | | | | | +-- Pseudunio_auricularius
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Pseudunio_homsensis
+--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Margaritifera_dahurica
| | | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
| | +--+
| | | +----------- Margaritifera_falcata
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Margaritifera_laevis
| | +--+
| | | +----- Margaritifera_middendorffi
| | +--+
| | | +-- Margaritifera_hembeli
| | +--+
| | +-- Margaritifera_marrianae
| |
| | +-- Quadrula_quadrula
| | +--------------------------+
| | | +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus
| | |
| | +--------------------------+ +-- Elliptio_complanata
| | | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
+--+ | | |
| | +--+ +-- Amblema_plicata
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Popenaias_popeii
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------------- Toxolasma_parvum
| | | |
| | | | +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| | +--+ +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Potamilus_streckersoni
| | +--+
| | | +-------------- Leaunio_lienosus
| | | |
| | | | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| | |
| | | +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cariosa
| |
| | +-------- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| | +-----------------------+
+--+ | | +----- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii__2
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii__1
| |
| | +-- Hyriopsis_bialata
| +--------------------+ +--+
| | | | +-- Rectidens_sumatrensis
| | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | +-- Lens_contradens
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Physunio_superbus
| | | |
| | | | +----- Potomida_acarnanica
| | | | +-----+
| | +--+ | | +-- Potomida_littoralis
| | | | +--+
| | | +--------------+ +-- Potomida_semirugata
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata__2
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata__1
| | |
| | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Pseudodon_mekongi
| | +--+
| | | +-------------------- Inversidens_rentianensis
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------------- Microcondylaea_bonellii
+--+ | |
| | | +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| +--+ +-----+
| | | | +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea
| +--+ +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| |
| | +----------- Koreosolenaia_sitgyensis
| +--+
| | +-------- Parvasolenaia_rivularis
| +--+
| | +----- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri
| +--+
| | +-- Cosmopseudodon_resupinatus
| +--+
| +-- Postolata_guangxiensis
|
| +-------------------------------------------------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus
| |
| | +-- Lepidodesma_languilati
| | +--------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Lepidodesma_aligera
| | |
| | | +-- Lanceolaria
| | | +--------------------------+
| | | | +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
+--+ | |
| | +--------------+ +-------------------------- Acuticosta_chinensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Cristaria_plicata
| | | | | +--------------+
| | | +--+ | | +----- Anemina_harlandi
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Sinanodonta_lucida
| | | | | +--+
+--+ | +--+ +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
| | |
| | | +-- Anodonta_cygnea
| | | +-----------------+
| | | | +-- Anodonta_exulcerata
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------------- Anodonta_anatina
| | | |
| | | | +-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana
| | +--+ +-----------+
| | | | +-- Pseudanodonta_complanata
| | | |
| | | | +----- Pyganodon_grandis
| | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
| | | | +--+
+--+ | | +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
| +--+
| | +-- Pterosyna_complanata
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Prolasmidonta_heterodon
| +--+
| | +----- Alasmidonta_varicosa
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias_compressa
| +--+
| +-- Platynaias_subviridis
|
| +-------- Scriptolamprotula_tortuosa
| |
| +--------------------------------+ +-- Scriptolamprotula_coreana
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Scriptolamprotula_tientsinensis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Scriptolamprotula_polysticta
| | +--+
| | +-- Scriptolamprotula_scripta
| |
| | +-------------------------------------- Globunio_mirificus
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------- Middendorffinaia_mongolica
+--+ | |
| | +--+ +----------------------------- Unio_tumidus
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------------------------- Unio_gibbus
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +----------- Unio_terminalis
| | | | | +-----------+
| | | +--+ | | +-------- Unio_elongatulus
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Unio_mancus
| | | | | +--+
+--+ | +--+ | +-- Unio_delphinus
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Unio_pictorum
| | |
| | | +-------------------- Unio_tumidiformis
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------------- Unio_desectus
| | | |
| | | | +----- Unio_damascensis
| | +--+ +--------+
| | | | | +-- Unio_sesirmensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unio_ionicus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Unio_crassus
+--+ | +--------+
| | | +-- Unio_gontierii
| +--+
| | +-------- Unio_vicarius
| | |
| +--+ +-- Unio_bruguierianus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Unio_mardinensis
| +--+
| | +-- Unio_carneus
| +--+
| +-- Unio_nanus
|
| +-------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
| |
| +-----+ +----------- Cuneopsis_rufescens
| | | |
| | | | +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Cuneopsis_kiangsiensis
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Cuneopsis_celtiosimilis
| | |
| | | +----- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cuneopsis_heudei
+--------------+ +--+
| +-- Cuneopsis_demangei
|
| +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata
| |
| +--------+ +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yemaoi
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pseudocuneopsis_wuana
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis
|
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis
|
| +----------- Nodularia_breviconcha
+--+
| +-------- Nodularia_fusiformans
+--+
| +----- Nodularia_nuxpersicae
+--+
| +-- Nodularia_douglasiae
+--+
+-- Nodularia_dualobtusa
Cladogram Figure 4
+-------------------------------------------- Neotrigonia_margaritacea
|
| +-- Echyridella_menziesii
| +--------------------------------------+
| | +-- Westralunio_carteri
--+ |
| | +----- Pseudunio_marocanus
| | +--------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Cumberlandia_monodonta
| | | +--+
+--+ | +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
| |
| | +-------------- Quadrula_quadrula
| | |
| | +--------------------+ +-- Potamilus_alatus
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Potamilus_streckersoni
| | | +--+
+--+ | | +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| | +--+
| | | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| | +--------------+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| | |
+--+ | +-- Hyriopsis_bialata
| | +--+
| +--------------+ | +-- Rectidens_sumatrensis
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Lens_contradens
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Physunio_superbus
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Pseudodon_mekongi
| | | |
| | | | +----- Potomida_littoralis
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Parvasolenaia_rivularis
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| +--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
|
| +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana
| +--------------------+
| | | +----- Anodonta_anatina
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
|
| +-------------------------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
| |
| | +----------------------- Scriptolamprotula_tortuosa
+--+ |
| | +-------- Unio_tumidus
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +----- Unio_nanus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Unio_delphinus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Unio_pictorum
|
| +-- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata
| +--------------+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
+--+
| +-------------- Nodularia_douglasiae
| |
+--+ +----------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
| |
+--+ +-- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
| +-----+
| | +-- Cuneopsis_heudei
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus_spinosus
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
+--+
+-- Schistodesmus_xinyuensis
Cladogram Figure 6-14
+-- Neotrigonia_lamarckii
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| +-- Neotrigonia_margaritacea
|
| +----- Mutela_rostrata
| +-----------------------+
| | | +-- Mutela_dubia
| | +--+
| | +-- Mutela_hargeri
| |
| | +-- Aspatharia_pfeifferiana
| +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ +-----+
| | | | +-- Aspatharia
| | | +-----------------+
| | | | | +----- Chambardia_wahlbergi__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Chambardia_rubens
| | +--+ +--+
| | | +-- Chambardia_wahlbergi__1
| | |
| | | +----------------------- Etheria_elliptica
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------------- Anodontites_trapesialis
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------------- Mulleria_rivoli
| | | |
| | | | +-------------- Lamproscapha_ensiformis
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-- Monocondylaea_minuana
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Monocondylaea_parchappii
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Tamsiella_schroeteriana__2
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Tamsiella_tamsiana
| | |
| | | +-------- Mycetopoda_siliquosa
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Anodontites_guanarensis
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Fossula_fossiculifera
| | +--+
| | | +-- Anodontites_trigona
| | +--+
| | +-- Tamsiella_schroeteriana__1
| |
| | +-- Westralunio_inbisi
| | +--------------------------------+
| | | +-- Westralunio_carteri
| | |
| | | +----------------------- Diplodon_suavidicus__2
| | | |
| | | | +----- Triplodon_corrugatus
| | | +--------+ +--------------+
| | | | | | | +-- Prisodon_obliquus
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | +--+ +-- Prisodon_syrmatophorus
| | +--------------------------------------------------------+ | |
| | | | | | +----------------- Castalia_ambigua__4
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ +-------------- Callonaia_duprei
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ +----------- Castalia_stevensi
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ +-------- Castalia_ambigua__3
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ +-- Castalia_ambigua__1
| | | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ | | +-- Castaliella_quadrata
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Castalia_ambigua__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Castalia
| | | |
| | | | +-- Hyridella_depressa
--+ | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Hyridella_drapeta
| | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | | +----- Diplodon_suavidicus__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Diplodon_chilensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Diplodon_gratus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Cucumerunio_novaehollandiae
| | | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | +-- Hyridella_australis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Echyridella_aucklandica
| | | +--+ +-----------------+
| | | | | | +-- Echyridella_onekaka
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Echyridella_menziesii
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------- Velesunio__1
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | | +----- Alathyria_jacksoni__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Velesunio_ambiguus
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | +-- Alathyria_profuga
| | | |
| | | | +----------------- Velesunio__3
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------- Microdontia_anodontaeformis
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-- Lortiella_rugata
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Velesunio_angasi
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Alathyria_pertexta__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Velesunio__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Alathyria_jacksoni__2
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Alathyria_pertexta__1
| | |
| | | +-------- Lamellidens_savadiensis
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +----- Lamellidens_corrianus
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamellidens_chindwinensis
| | | | +--+
| | | +-----------------------------------------------+ +-- Lamellidens_nongyangensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Lamellidens_ferrugineus
| | | | | +--------+
| | | | | | +-- Lamellidens_marginalis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------- Lamellidens_lamellatus
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamellidens_generosus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Lamellidens_mainwaringi
| | | |
| | | +--+ +----------------- Balwantia_soleniformis
| | | | | +-----------------------------------------+
| | | | | | | +-------------- Trapezidens_mogaungensis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +----------- Trapezidens_exolescens
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-------- Trapezidens_scutum
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +----- Trapezidens_yeti
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Trapezidens_angustior
| | | | | | +--+
+--+ | | | | +-- Trapezidens_dolichorhynchus
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------- Leoparreysia_burmana
| | | +--+ +--------------------------------------------+
| | | | | | +-------- Leoparreysia_whitteni
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Leoparreysia_olivacea
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Leoparreysia_canefrii
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Leoparreysia_tavoyensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------------------------------------------------- Pseudomulleria_dalyi
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------------------- Pseudoscabies_scobina
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | +-----------+ +-- Indonaia_cylindrica
| | | | | | | | +--------------+
| | | +--+ | | | | +-- Indonaia_gratiosa
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-------------- Indonaia_corbis
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +----------- Indonaia_andersoniana
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +-- Indonaia_caerulea
| | | | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | | | +-- Indonaia_subclathrata
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-----------------+ | +----- Indonaia_shurtleffiana
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | | +-- Indonaia_bonneaudii
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Indonaia_rugosa
| | | | | | |
| | | +--+ | | +----------------------------- Indochinella_pugio
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Radiatula_kachinensis
| | | | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | | | | +-- Radiatula_chaudhurii
| | | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +--+ +--------------+ +-- Radiatula_myitkyinae
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | +-------- Radiatula_crispisulcata
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | | +----- Radiatula_mouhoti
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +--+ | +-- Radiatula_chindwinensis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Radiatula_myitthanensis
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Songkhlanaia_songkhramensis__2
| | | | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | | | +-- Unionetta_fabagina__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-------------------- Harmandia_somboriensis
| | | | | | |
| | | +--+ +--+ +----------------- Unionetta_fabagina__1
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-------------- Scabies_crispata
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Scabies_nucleus
| | | | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | | | +-- Scabies_mandarinus
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | +--+ +-- Scabies_pilata
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Scabies_humilis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Scabies_anceps
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Scabies_scobinatus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Scabies_phaselus
| | | |
| | | | +-------------- Assamnaia_involuta
| | | | |
| | | | +--------------------------------+ +-- Parreysia_keralaensis
| | | | | | +--------+
| | | | | | | +-- Parreysia_marcens
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-------- Parreysia_plagiosoma
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Parreysia_rakhinensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ | +-- Parreysia_corrugata
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Parreysia_nagpoorensis
| | | |
| | | | +----- Nitia_monceti__2
| | | | +--------------------------------------+
| | | | | | +-- Nitia_teretiuscula
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Nitia_monceti__1
| | | +--+
| | | | +----------------------------------------- Grandidieria_burtoni
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pseudospatha_tanganyicensis__2
| | | | | +--------------------------------+
| | | +--+ | | +-- Moncetia_anceyi
| | | | | +--+
| | +-----------------------+ | | +-- Pseudospatha_tanganyicensis__1
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Coelatura_leopoldvillensis__2
| | | | +--+ +-----------------------------+
| | | | | | | +-- Coelatura_leopoldvillensis__1
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Coelatura_mesafricana
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------------------------------- Coelatura_aegyptiaca__3
| | | | | | |
| | | | +--+ | +-------- Coelatura_hauttecoeuri__2
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------- Nitia_acuminata
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Coelatura_aegyptiaca__2
| | | | | | +--------------------+ |
| | | | | | | | +----- Coelatura_alluaudi__2
| | | | +--+ | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Coelatura_hauttecoeuri__1
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+----- Coelatura_stuhlmanni__2
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +-- Coelatura_aegyptiaca__1
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +-- Coelatura_stuhlmanni__1
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+-- Coelatura_alluaudi__1
| | | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-- Coelatura_bakeri__1
| | | | | |
| | | | | +-- Coelatura_bakeri__2
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------- Coelatura_horei__3
| | | | | |
| | | | | +--------------+ +-------- Coelatura_ratidota
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +----- Coelatura__2
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +-- Coelatura_horei__1
+--+ | | | | | |
| | | +--+ +--+-- Coelatura__1
| | | | |
| | | | +-- Coelatura_horei__2
| | | |
| | | | +----------------------- Coelatura_gabonensis
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------------- Coelatura_stanleyvillensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------------- Coelatura_kunenensis
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | +-------------- Nyassunio_nyassaensis
| | | | | |
| | | +--+ | +----------- Coelatura_hypsiprymna__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----------- Coelatura_mossambicensis__1
| | | | | |
| | | +--+ | +-- Coelatura_hypsiprymna__3
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Coelatura_mossambicensis__2
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Coelatura_luapulaensis__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +----- Coelatura_choziensis__2
| | | +--+-----+
| | | | +----- Coelatura_hypsiprymna__1
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Coelatura_choziensis__1
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Coelatura_luapulaensis__1
| | | |
| | | | +----- Coelatura_briarti
| | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Prisodontopsis_aviculaeformis__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Prisodontopsis_mweruensis__1
| | | |
| | | | +-- Prisodontopsis_aviculaeformis__2
| | | | |
| | | +-----+-- Prisodontopsis_aviculaeformis__3
| | | |
| | | +-- Prisodontopsis_mweruensis__2
| | |
| | | +-------------- Amuranodonta_kijaensis
| | | |
| | | +-----------------------------------------------+ +----------- Anemina_harlandi
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-------- Buldowskia_suifunica
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-- Buldowskia_flavotincta
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Buldowskia_shadini
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Buldowskia_iwakawai
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Buldowskia_kamiyai
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Beringiana_japonica
| | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Beringiana_beringiana
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Beringiana_fukuharai
| | | | +-----------------+ +--+
| | | | | | +-- Beringiana_gosannensis
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------- Pletholophus_honglinhensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Pletholophus_tenuis
| | | | +-----------------------------+ +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Pletholophus_reinianus
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Pletholophus_guangzhouensis
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------------------------- Mimo_guoliangi
| | +--+ | | |
| | | | +--+ +----------------------- Acudonta_baitiaoensis
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Sinanodonta_angula
| | | | +--+ +-----------------+
| | | | | | +-- Sinanodonta_lucida
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-- Sinanodonta_calipygos
| | | | | +--------------+
| | | | | | +-- Sinanodonta_tumens
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------------- Sinanodonta_schrenkii
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----------- Sinanodonta_woodiana
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------- Sinanodonta_jourdyi
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Sinanodonta_elliptica
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Sinanodonta_lauta
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Sinanodonta_pacifica
| | | |
| | | | +-- Cristaria_liboi
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Cristaria_radiata
| | | | |
| | | | +-----------------------------------------------+ +-- Cristaria_bellua
| | | | | | +--+
| | +--+ | | | +-- Cristaria_clessini
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Cristaria_plicata
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Cristaria_truncata
| | | |
| | | | +-- Pseudodontoideus_connasaugaensis
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Pseudodontoideus_subvexus
| | | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | | +-------- Lasmigona_costata
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Pterosyna_complanata
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Arcidens_confragosus
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Arcidens_wheeleri
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------------------- Anodonta_anatina
| | | | | |
| | | | | +--------+ +-------------------- Pseudanodonta_complanata
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +----------------- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__2
| | | | +-----------------+ | | |
| | | | | | | | | +----- Anodonta_cygnea
| | | | | | | +--+ +--------+
| | | | | | | | | | +-- Anodonta_seddonae
| | | | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +--+ +-- Anodonta_exulcerata
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | +----------- Brachyanodon_impura
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +--+ +-------- Brachyanodon
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +--+ +----- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana__1
| | +--+ | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+----- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana__2
| | | | | | |
| | | | +--+ | +-- Brachyanodon_californiensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__1
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2
| | | | | +--------+
| | | | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +--------------+ +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----------- Pyganodon_grandis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-------- Pyganodon_lacustris
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +----- Pyganodon_cataracta__2
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | +--+ +-- Potamilus_fragilis__3
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Utterbackiana_implicata
| | | | | |
| | | | | +-----------------+ +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | | +-- Utterbackiana_heardi
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Utterbackiana_hartfieldorum
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----------------------- Simpsonaias_ambigua
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Alasminota_etowaensis
| | | | | | +--------+
| | | | | | | +-- Alasminota_holstonia
| | +--+ | | |
| | | | | +--------+ +-- Alasmidonta_marginata
| | | +--+ | | +-----+
| | | | | | | +-- Alasmidonta_raveneliana
| | | | | | |
| | | | | +--+ +-- Alasmidonta_arcula
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Alasmidonta_undulata
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Alasmidonta_uwharriensis
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | +-- Alasmidonta_varicosa
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Prolasmidonta_heterodon
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | | +----- Platynaias_subviridis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Platynaias_compressa
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Platynaias_decorata
| | | |
| | | | +-- Anodontoides_denigratus
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Anodontoides_ferussacianus
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----- Strophitus_undulatus__2
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Strophitus_howellsi
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Strophitus_undulatus__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Strophitus_radiatus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Strophitus_pascagoulaensis__1
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Strophitus_williamsi
| | |
| | | +-- Lepidodesma_aligera
| | | +-----------------------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Lepidodesma_languilati
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__2
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | | +----- Acuticosta_chinensis__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Acuticosta_chinensis__1
| | | | +--------------------------+ +--+
| | | | | | +-- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__1
| | | | | |
| | +--+ | | +----------------- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+ +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2
+--+ | | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Lanceolaria_eucylindrica
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Lanceolaria_acrorrhyncha
| | | +--+
| +--+ | +----- Lanceolaria_kihirai
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lanceolaria_triformis
| | +--+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
| |
| | +-------------------------------------------- Globunio_mirificus
| | |
| | | +----------------- Scriptolamprotula_tortuosa
| | | +-----------------------+
| | | | | +-------------- Scriptolamprotula_tientsinensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----------- Scriptolamprotula_fibrosa
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------- Scriptolamprotula_coreana
| | | | +--+
| +--+ | | +----- Scriptolamprotula_scripta__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Scriptolamprotula_polysticta
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Scriptolamprotula_scripta__1
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------------- Middendorffinaia_mongolica
| | | |
| | | | +-------------------------------- Unio_tumidus
| | | | |
| +--+ | | +-- Unio_durieui
| | | | +--------------------------+
| | | | | +-- Unio_gibbus
| | | +--+ |
| | | | | | +----------------------- Unio_tumidiformis
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +-------------------- Unio_sesirmensis
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +--+ +----------------- Unio_desectus
| | | | +--+ | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +-------------- Unio_damascensis
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--+ +----------- Unio_ionicus
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | +-- Unio_carneus
| | | | | | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | | | | +-- Unio_nanus
| +--+ | | | | |
| | | +--+ | | +-- Unio_crassus
| | | | +--+-----+
| | | | | +-- Unio_gontierii
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Unio_vicarius
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Unio_bruguierianus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unio_mardinensis
| | | |
| | | | +-- Unio_delphinus
| | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | +-- Unio_foucauldianus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------------------- Unio_ravoisieri
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----------------- Unio_mancus
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------- Unio_elongatulus
| | | | |
| +--+ | | +-- Unio_hueti
| | +--+ +--------+
| | | | +-- Unio_delicatus__2
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Unio_eucirrus
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Unio_pictorum
| | +--+
| | | +----- Unio_caffer
| | +--+
| | | +-- Unio_terminalis
| | +--+
| | +-- Unio_delicatus__1
| |
| | +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
| | +--------------------+
| | | +-- Schistodesmus_spinosus
| | |
| | | +-------- Nodularia_dorri__2
| | +--+ +-----------+
| | | | | | +----- Nodularia_dorri__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Nodularia_hanensis
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | +-- Nodularia_micheloti
| | | |
| | | | +----------------- Nodularia_breviconcha
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------- Nodularia_guiensis
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----------- Nodularia_nuxpersicae
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-- Nodularia_fusiformans
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Nodularia_huana
| +--------+ +--+
| | | +----- Nodularia_nipponensis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Nodularia_douglasiae
| | +--+
| | +-- Nodularia_dualobtusa
| |
| | +-------------- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
| | +--------+
| | | | +----------- Inversiunio_yanagawensis__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Inversiunio_reinianus
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Inversiunio_verrucosus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Inversiunio_jokohamensis
| | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Inversiunio_yanagawensis__1
| |
| | +-------- Pseudocuneopsis_capitata
| | |
| | +-----------+ +-- Pseudocuneopsis_sichuanensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yemaoi
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pseudocuneopsis_wuana
| | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Pseudocuneopsis_yangshuoensis
| |
| | +-- Diaurora_aurorea
| | +--------------+
| | | +-- Diaurora_laeve
| | |
| +--+ +-------------- Cuneopsis_rufescens
| | |
| | | +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
| +--+ +-----+
| | | | +-- Cuneopsis_kiangsiensis
| | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Cuneopsis_celtiosimilis
| |
| | +-------- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
| +--+
| | +----- Cuneopsis_demangei__2
| +--+
| | +-- Cuneopsis_demangei__1
| +--+
| +-- Cuneopsis_heudei
|
| +-- Khairuloconcha_lunbawangorum
| +-----------------------------------+
| | +-- Khairuloconcha_sahanae
| |
| | +----- Ctenodesma_bersinara
| | +-----------------------------+
| | | | +-- Ctenodesma_mawonae
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Ctenodesma_borneensis
| | |
| +-----------------------------------------------+ | +-- Ensidens_ingallsianus
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Ensidens_telus
| | | | |
| | | | +--------+ +-- Ensidens_dugasti
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Ensidens_sagittarius
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Ensidens_jaculus
| | | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Ensidens_spiculus
| | | +--------------+
| | | | | +-- Hyriopsis_delaportei
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi
| | | | | +--------+
| | | | | | | +-- Rectidens_lauris
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Rectidens_sumatrensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----------- Hyriopsis_panhai
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Hyriopsis_bialata
| | | | +--+ +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Hyriopsis_khoratensis
| | +--+ | |
| | | +--+ +-- Hyriopsis_kratiensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Hyriopsis_phuphaniensis
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Hyriopsis_myersiana
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Hyriopsis_sakhonensis
| | |
| | | +-- Physunio_modelli
| | | +--------------------------+
| | | | +-- Physunio_pellucidus
| | | |
| | | | +-- Physunio_massini
| | +--+ +-----------------------+
| | | | +-- Physunio_superbus
| | | |
| | | | +----------------------- Physunio
| | | | |
| | +--+ | +----------- Trapezoideus_mitanensis
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | | +-------- Trapezoideus_lenya
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Trapezoideus_foliaceus
| | +--+ | +--+
| | | | | +-- Trapezoideus_thachiadensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Trapezoideus_subviridis
| | | |
| | | | +-- Yaukthwa_baniensis
| | | | +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-------- Yaukthwa_dalliana
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | | | +----- Yaukthwa_inlenensis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Yaukthwa_avaensis
| | | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Yaukthwa_panhai
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Yaukthwa_zayleymanensis
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Yaukthwa_rectangularis
| | |
| | | +-- Lens_inornatus
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Lens_misellus
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +----- Lens_contradens
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lens_micropterus
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Lens_lugens
| | |
| | | +----- Lens_pallegoixi
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Lens_comptus
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Lens_novoselovi
| | |
| | | +-------- Lens_maenamensis
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lens_eximius__2
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lens_eximius__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Lens_rolfbrandti
| |
| | +----- Pseudunio_marocanus
| | +-----------------+
| | | | +-- Pseudunio_auricularius
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pseudunio_homsensis
| | +-----------------------------------------------------------+
| | | | +----- Gibbosula_laosensis
| | | | +--------------+
+--+ | | | | +-- Gibbosula_crassa
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Gibbosula_rochechouartii
| | |
| | | +----------------- Cumberlandia_monodonta
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Margaritifera_dahurica
| | | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
| | +--+
| | | +----------- Margaritifera_falcata
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Margaritifera_middendorffi
| | +--+
| | | +----- Margaritifera_laevis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Margaritifera_hembeli
| | +--+
| | +-- Margaritifera_marrianae
| |
| | +-------------------- Parvasolenaia_rivularis
| | |
| | +--+ +----------------- Pseudopostolata_angula
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-------------- Koreosolenaia_sitgyensis
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-- Cosmopseudodon_resupinatus
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Guiunio_rarus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Obovalis_omiensis
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Postolata_guangxiensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Postolata_longjiangensis
| | | |
| | | | +----- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | | +-- Chamberlainia_duclerci
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Chamberlainia_hainesiana
| | | | |
| | | +--------+ +-------- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii__1
| | | +--+ +--+
| | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii__4
| | +--------+ +--+
| | | | | +----- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii__3
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii__3
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_goliath
| | | |
| | | | +-------------- Caudiculatus_caudiculatus
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Pronodularia_japanensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | +--------+ | | +----- Potomida_littoralis
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | | +-- Potomida_acarnanica
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | +--+ +-- Potomida_semirugata
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | | +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ | +----- Lamprotula_leaii__2
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii__1
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Lamprotula_seomjinensis
| | | |
| | | | +-------------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| | | | |
| | | | | +-- Inversidens_brandtii
| | | | | +-----+
| | | +--+ | +-- Inversidens_rentianensis
| | +--------------------------------------------+ | +--------+
| | | | | | | +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea
| | | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------------- Gonidea_angulata
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----------- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------- Leguminaia_anatolica
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Leguminaia_wheatleyi
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Leguminaia_saulcyi
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Leguminaia
| | | |
| | | | +----------- Indopseudodon_kayinensis
| | | | +--------------------+
+--+ | | | | +-------- Indopseudodon_indawgyiensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Indopseudodon_bogani
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Indopseudodon_crebristriatus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Indopseudodon_salwenianus
| | | |
| | | | +----------------- Lannanaia_kokensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__2
| | | | +-----------+ +--------+
| | +--+ | | | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis__1
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_schomburgki
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__2
| | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_linguaeformis__1
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | +--+ +-- Pilsbryoconcha_carinifera
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------- Pilsbryoconcha_hoikaab
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Pilsbryoconcha_mekongiana
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_acuta
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_kittitati
| | |
| | | +----- Songkhlanaia_tamodienica
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | | +-- Songkhlanaia_moreleti
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Songkhlanaia_songkhramensis__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------------------- Nyeinchanconcha_nyeinchani
| | | | |
| | | | +--+ +----------------- Sundadontina_tumida__2
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +-------- Sundadontina
| | | | | +--+ +-----+
| | +--+ | | | | +----- Sundadontina_tanintharyiensis
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Sundadontina_cumingii
| | | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Sundadontina_plugpomenica
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------- Sundadontina_sulcata
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-------- Sundadontina_harmandi
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Sundadontina_brandti
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Sundadontina_taskaevi
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Sundadontina_tumida__1
| | |
| | | +-------------- Pseudodon_walpolei
| | | |
| | | +-----+ +----------- Pseudodon_vagulus
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
| | | | +--+ +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Pseudodon_mekongi
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | +--+ +-- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__2
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Pseudodon_inoscularis
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pseudodon_lenyanensis__1
| | |
| | | +-- Isannaia_fortunata
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Isannaia_occultata
| | | +-----------+
| | | | | +-- Namkongnaia_inkhavilayi
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Namkongnaia_lemeslei
| | +--+
| | | +----- Thaiconcha_munelliptica
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Thaiconcha_callifera
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Thaiconcha_thaiensis
| | |
| | | +----------- Bineurus_loeiensis
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Bineurus_panhai
| | +--+
| | | +----- Bineurus_exilis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Bineurus_anodontinum
| | +--+
| | +-- Bineurus_mouhotii
| |
| | +----- Megalonaias_nickliniana__2
| | +-----+
| | | | +-- Megalonaias_nervosa
| | | +--+
| | +--------+ +-- Megalonaias_nickliniana__1
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Uniomerus_carolinianus
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Uniomerus_declivis__2
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Uniomerus_declivis__1
| | | +--+
+--+ | +-- Uniomerus_tetralasmus
| |
| +--------------------------------------------+ +-- Theliderma_johnsoni
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Theliderma_metanevra
| | | |
| | | +-----+ +-- Quadrula_nobilis
| | | | | +-----+
| | | | | | +-- Quadrula_verrucosa
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Theliderma_cylindrica
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Quadrula_fragosa
| | +--+ +--+
| | | +-- Quadrula_quadrula
| | |
| | | +----- Pustulosa_kieneriana
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Pustulosa_infucata
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pustulosa_kleiniana
| +-----------+ |
| | | | +----------- Cyclonaias_tuberculata
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +-- Pustulosa_pustulosa
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Pustulosa_succissa
| | | +--+
| | | | +----- Pustulosa_nodulata
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pustulosa_necki
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pustulosa_petrina
| | |
| | | +-------------------------------------------------------------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus
| | | |
| | | | +-------- Parvaspina_lanceolata
| | | | +--------------------------------------------------+
| | | | | | +----- Parvaspina_steinstansana__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Parvaspina_collina
| | +--+ | +--+
| | | | +-- Parvaspina_steinstansana__1
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_fisheriana
| | | | +-----------------------------------------------------+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_nasutidus
| | | | |
| | +--+ | +----------------------------------------------------- Elliptio_spinosa
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------------------------- Elliptio_dariensis__5
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Elliptio_arctata__3
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | +----- Elliptio_crassidens__4
| | | | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | | | +----- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__2
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__5
| | +--+ | | | +--+
| | | | +--------------------+ | +-- Elliptio_roanokensis
| | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Elliptio_complanata__2
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Elliptio_pullata__2
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +----- Elliptio_icterina__3
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | +--------------------+ +-- Elliptio_dariensis__4
| | | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__2
| | | | | +--+ |
| | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__2
| | +--+ | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__3
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_fumata__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_mcmichaeli__1
| | | | |
| | | | | +----------------------- Elliptio_crassidens__2
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_arca__2
| | | | | +--------------------+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_crassidens__1
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-------- Elliptio_icterina__2
| | | | | | +-----------+
| | | | +--+ | | +----- Elliptio_dariensis__3
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_dariensis__2
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_mediocris
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__2
| | | | | | +-----------+
| | | | | | | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__2
| | | | +--+ |
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_jayensis__1
| | +--+ | +--+-----------+
| | | | | | +-- Elliptio_pullata__1
| | | | | |
| | | | | | +----------- Elliptio_arca__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-------- Elliptio_arctata__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Elliptio_fumata__1
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ | +-- Elliptio_arctata__1
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_purpurella__1
| | | |
| | | | +-- Elliptio_congaraea__1
| | | | |
| | | | +--------+-- Elliptio__1
| | | | | |
| | | | | +-- Elliptio__2
| | | | |
| | | +-----+ +-- Elliptio_complanata__1
| | | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__1
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----- Elliptio_dariensis__1
| | | | |
| | | | +----- Elliptio_producta
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__2
| | | | |
| | | +--+-- Elliptio_hopetonensis__3
| | | |
| | | +-- Elliptio_icterina__1
| | |
+--+ | +----- Elliptio_shepardiana
| | +-----------------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Elliptio_angustata
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Elliptio_folliculata__1
| | |
| +--+ +-------------------------------------------- Eurynia_dilatata
| | |
| | | +-- Hemistena_lata
| | | +--------------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Plethobasus_cyphyus
| +--+ |
| | | +-------------------------------------- Elliptio_fraterna
| | | |
| | | | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
| | | | +-----------------+
| | | | | | +-- Plethobasus_cooperianus
| +--+ | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| | | |
| | | +-----------+ +-------- Pleurobema_cordatum
| | | | | +-----------+
| | | | | | | +----- Fusconaia_subrotunda
| | | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +-- Fusconaia_cor
| +--+ | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Fusconaia_cuneolus
| | | |
| | | | +----------------- Fusconaia_ozarkensis
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Fusconaia_escambia__2
| | | | | +--------+
| | | +--+ | | +-- Fusconaia_burkei
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Fusconaia_escambia__1
| | | | |
| | | +--+ +----- Fusconaia_masoni
| | | | |
| +--+ | +-----+ +-- Fusconaia_cerina__1
| | | | | |
| | | | +--+-- Fusconaia_cerina__2
| | | | |
| | +--+ +-- Fusconaia_flava__2
| | |
| | | +-- Fusconaia_askewi
| | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Fusconaia_chunii
| | +--+
| | | +----- Fusconaia_flava__1
| | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia_iheringi
| | +--+
| | +-- Fusconaia_mitchelli
| |
| | +-------------------------------- Pleurobema_plenum
| | |
| | | +----------------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| +--+ |
| | | +----- Pleuronaia_barnesiana
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | | +-- Pleuronaia_gibber
| +--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Pleuronaia_dolabelloides
| | |
| | | +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| | | +-----+
| +--+ | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
| | +--------------+
| | | | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_georgianum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_clava__1
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| | +--------------+
| | | | +-- Pleurobema_clava__2
| | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| |
| | +----------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__2
| +--+
| | +-------------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| +--+
| | +----------- Pleurobema_strodeanum__2
| +--+
| | +-------- Pleurobema_beadleianum__1
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobema_taitianum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum__1
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
|
| +----- Amblema_neislerii
| +-----+
| | | +-- Amblema_elliottii
| | +--+
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ +-- Amblema_plicata
| | |
| | | +-------- Nephronaias_tempisquensis
| | | |
| | +--+ +----- Psoronaias_crocodilorum__4
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Psoronaias_guatemalensis
| | | |
| | | +-- Psoronaias_crocodilorum__1
| | +--+
| | +-- Psoronaias_crocodilorum__2
+--+ |
| +-- Psoronaias_crocodilorum__3
|
| +-- Reginaia_rotulata
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia_ebenus
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias_berlandierii
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Glebula_rotundata
| | +-----------------------------------------------------------+
+--+ | | +----- Popenaias_popeii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Popenaias_berezai
| | +--+
| | +-- Popenaias_semirasa
| |
| | +----------------------------------------------------------------- Paetulunio_fabalis
+--+ |
| | +----------------- Toxolasma_parvum
| | |
| | | +----- Toxolasma_lividum__2
| | | +--------+
| | +--------------------------------------------+ | | +-- Toxolasma_cylindrellus
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Toxolasma_lividum__1
| | | | |
+--+ | +--+ +-------- Toxolasma_texasiense__2
| | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Toxolasma_glans
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Toxolasma_paulum
| | +--+ +--+
| | | +-- Toxolasma_texasiense__1
| | |
| | | +-------- Toxolasma__4
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Toxolasma_granulatum
| +--+
| | +-- Toxolasma__2
| +--+
| +-- Toxolasma__3
|
| +----- Toxolasma_pullus
| +-----------------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Toxolasma_germanum
| | +--+
| | +-- Toxolasma__1
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria_reflexa
| | +-----------------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Plectomerus_dombeyanus
+--+ |
| | +-------- Potamilus_inflatus
| | +--------+
| | | | +----- Potamilus_ohiensis
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Potamilus_amphichaenus
| | | +--+
| | +-----------------------------------+ +-- Potamilus_streckersoni
| | | |
+--+ | | +----- Potamilus_fragilis__2
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Potamilus_fragilis__1
| | |
| | | +----------- Potamilus_metnecktayi
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------- Potamilus_alatus__3
| | | |
| | +--+ +----- Potamilus_alatus__2
+--+ | |
| +--+----- Potamilus_purpuratus__2
| |
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus__1
| +--+
| +-- Potamilus_purpuratus__1
|
| +-- Villosa_villosa
| +-----------------------------------------------+
| | +-- Atlanticoncha_ochracea
| |
| | +-- Cambarunio_nebulosus
| | +--------------------------------------------+
| | | +-- Ligumia_recta
+--+ |
| | +-------- Leaunio_umbrans
| | +-----------------------------------+
| | | | +----- Cambarunio_taeniatus
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Cambarunio_iris
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio_simus
| |
| | +-- Hamiota_australis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Hamiota_subangulata
| | +-----------------------------------+
| | | | +-- Hamiota_altilis
| | | | |
+--+ | +--+-- Hamiota_perovalis__1
| | |
| | +-- Hamiota_perovalis__2
| |
| | +----------------------- Pachynaias_spheniopsis
| | |
| | | +-- Sagittunio_nasutus
| | | +-----------------+
| | +--------------+ | +-- Sagittunio_subrostratus
| | | | |
| | | | | +-------------- Ellipsaria_lineolata
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | | +----------- Potamilus_capax
| | | +--+ | +--+
+--+ | | | | +-------- Truncilla_macrodon
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +----- Truncilla_truncata
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Truncilla_cognata
| | +--+ +--+
| | | +-- Truncilla_donaciformis
| | |
| | | +----- Medionidus_acutissimus
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Lemiox_rimosus
| | | | +--+
| | | | +-- Medionidus_penicillatus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ptychobranchus_fasciolaris
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Ptychobranchus_greenii
| | | |
+--+ +--+ +-- Cyprogenia_aberti__2
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Dromus_dromas
| +--+
| | +----- Cyprogenia_stegaria__2
| +--+
| | +-- Cyprogenia_aberti__1
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia_stegaria__1
|
| +-- Villosa_delumbis
| +--------------------------------+
| | +-- Villosa_vibex
| |
| | +-------------------- Obovaria_olivaria
| | |
| | | +-------- Obovaria_retusa
| | | +--------+
| | +-----------+ | | +----- Obovaria_choctawensis
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +-- Obovaria_unicolor
| | | | | +--+
| | | +--+ +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
| | | |
| | | | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
+--+ | | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Venustaconcha_pleasii
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Epioblasma_brevidens
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Epioblasma_triquetra
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Epioblasma_rangiana__2
| | +--+
| | | +----- Epioblasma_rangiana__1
| | +--+
| | | +-- Epioblasma_capsaeformis
| | +--+
| | +-- Epioblasma_walkeri
+--+
| +-- Mesonaias_explicata
| +-----------------------+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| |
| +--+ +-- Lampsilis_splendida
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Lampsilis_bracteata
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_fasciola
| | | +-----------------+
| | | | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
| | +--+
| | | +----------------- Lampsilis_ornata
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------- Lampsilis_ovata__2
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_dolabraeformis
| | | |
| | | | +----- Lampsilis_cardium__2
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__1
+--+ | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Lampsilis_satura
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_cariosa__2
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ovata__1
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_cariosa__1
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina__2
| +--------------+
| | | +-------- Lampsilis_abrupta
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_higginsii__2
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina__1
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_higginsii__1
|
| +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Leaunio_lienosus
| | +--+
| | +-- Leaunio_vanuxemensis
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_floridensis
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__1
+--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__2
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_powellii__1
| | |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_powellii__2
|
| +-------------- Lampsilis_sietmani
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_straminea__2
| +--------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_virescens
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_hydiana__2
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_hydiana__1
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_bergmanni
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_straminea__1
|
