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Thu 17 July 2025 |
The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Publication Conrad (1836): summary
publication summary Complete CitationConrad, T.A. 1836. Monography of the Family Unionidae, or naiades of Lamarck, (fresh water bivalve shells) or North America, illustrated by figures drawn on stone from nature 1(6): 49-56, pls. 26-30. Available electronically.
Attributed Nominal SpeciesUnio fragilis Swainson, 1823
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Swainson, 1823. Zool. Illustr. 3(1): pl. 171.
Deshayes, 1832. Enc. Méth. 2 (Deuxième partie): 587.
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 55, pl. 30.
(reference to Unio (Leptodea) fragilis Rafinesque, 1820) | |
Unio gibbosus Ferussac, 1835
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Ferussac, 1835. Mag. Zool. 5: 28.
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 50, pl. 27, fig. 1.
 Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 11, sp. 41, figs. 41a-b.
(reference to Amblema gibbosa Rafinesque, 1820) | |
Unio niger Conrad, 1836
‘Rafinesque’ Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 49, pl. 46.
‘Rafinesque’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 253.
(reference to Unio (Elliptio) nigra Rafinesque, 1820) | |
Unio sageri Conrad, 1836
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 53, pl. 29, fig. 1. | |
Unio teres Say, 1834
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Say, 1834. Amer. Conch. 6: ??.
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 52, pl. 28.
(reference to Unio (Eurynia) teres Rafinesque, 1820) | |
Unio gibbosus var. perobliquus Conrad, 1836
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(6): 51, pl. 27, fig. 2.
Conrad, 1837. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(8): back cover.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Amblema gibbosa Rafinesque, 1820)
Type(s): TYPE LOCALITY TYPE_LOCALITY_MP_008, Wabash River, Indiana. | |
Taxonomic OpinionsUnio alatus Say, 1817 = Potamilus alatus
+ Metaptera megaptera Rafinesque, 1820 Unio fragilis Rafinesque, 1820 = Potamilus fragilis
+ Unio gracilis Barnes, 1823
+ Unio fragilis Swainson, 1823 Unio gibbosus (Rafinesque, 1820) = Epioblasma torulosa
+ Amblema torulosa Rafinesque, 1820
+ Unio perplexus Lea, 1831 Unio gibbosus var. perobliquus Conrad, 1836 = Epioblasma perobliqua Unio lapillus Say, 1831 = Paetulunio fabalis
+ Unio fabalis Lea, 1831 Unio niger Rafinesque, 1820 = Elliptio crassidens
+ Unio crassidens Lamarck, 1819
+ Unio cuneatus Barnes, 1823 Unio sageri Conrad, 1836 = Ligumia recta Unio teres Rafinesque, 1820 = Lampsilis teres
+ Unio anodontoides Lea, 1831
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