The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae tribe AMBLEMINI Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
3 genera Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 7 (16 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 3
analyzed in 138 cladograms in 90 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
5 (mean = 1.78, median = 1)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) =
3 (mean = 1.44, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 55
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean =
2.95 median = 2)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) =
3 (mean = 2.11, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.38 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 45
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 5 (mean = 3.11, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) =
3 (mean = 2.36, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.24
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 82 | 59 | 3 | 99 | 77 | 4 | 0 | +-------- Reginaia **
|
+-------- Amblema **
|
| +-- Quadrulini
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobemini
--+
| +----- Popenaiadini
| |
| | +-- Dromus
| | |
| | +-- Epioblasma
| | |
+--+ +-- Glebula
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_virescens
| |
| +-- Lemiox
+--+
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Obovaria_olivaria
|
+-- Obovaria_unicolor
|
+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Potamilus_alatus
|
+-- Potamilus_capax
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 49 | 52 | 3 | 97 | 85 | 4 | 176 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Reginaia **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 37 | 37 | 4 | 172 | +----------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-------- Plectomerus **
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----+
| +-- Reginaia **
|
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 37 | 37 | 4 | 169 | +-------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Reginaia **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +----------- Popenaiadini
| |
+--+ +-------- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+-------- Plectomerus **
|
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 37 | 37 | 4 | 171 | +-------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-- Cyrtonaias
| +--------+
| | +-- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-------- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 24 | 26 | 2 | 20 | 20 | 3 | 180 | +----------------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------------------------------------- Reginaia **
| |
+--+ +----------------------------------- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaias
| +-----------------------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
+--+
| +----------------------------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Ligumia
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Potamilus
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pachynaias
| |
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Ortmanniana
| +--------+
| | +-- Lampsilis
+--+
| +-------- Cambarunio
+--+
| +----- Sphenonaias_microdon__2
+--+
| +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+
+-- Sphenonaias_microdon__1
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 21 | 19 | 3 | 68 | 68 | 4 | 172 | +----------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Amblema **
+--+ +--------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Popenaiadini
| |
| | +-- Glebula
+--+ +--------------------+
| | +-- Paetulunio
| |
+--+ +-- Toxolasma
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Obliquaria
| |
| | +----- Potamilus
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Dromus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lemiox
|
| +----------- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis_virescens
| |
+--+ +-- Epioblasma
| +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
+--+
| +-- Obovaria_olivaria
+--+
+-- Venustaconcha
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 21 | 15 | 3 | 68 | 68 | 4 | 173 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Reginaia **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 25 | 16 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 3 | 180 | +-------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------------------- Reginaia **
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Amblema **
| |
| | +-- Popenaias
+--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
| |
+--+ +-- Glebula
| +-----------+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| |
+--+ +----------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Ortmanniana
+--+ |
| +----- Epioblasma
| |
| +----- Lampsilis
| |
+--+----- Ligumia
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Pachynaias
|
| +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+
+-- Sphenonaias
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 49 | 42 | 3 | 97 | 85 | 4 | 173 | +-------------------------- Quadrulini
|
| +----------------------- Pleurobemini
--+ |
| | +----- Popenaiadini
| | +--------------+
| | | | +-- Amblema **
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Reginaia **
| |
| | +-- Plectomerus **
| | +--------------+
+--+ | +-- Toxolasma
| |
| | +----- Obliquaria
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Cyrtonaias
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Glebula
| | |
+--+ | +----------- Sagittunio
| | |
| | +----------- Leaunio
| | |
| | +----------- Potamilus
| | |
| | +----------- Hamiota
| | |
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_teres
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| |
| | +----- Villosa
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ligumia
| | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| |
+--+ +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
+--+
| | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +-------- Obovaria_olivaria
| |
| +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
+--+
| +-------- Epioblasma
| |
| | +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
|
| +-- Ptychobranchus
| +-----+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| |
+--+ +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| |
| | +-- Lemiox
+--+--+
| +-- Medionidus_acutissimus
|
| +-- Dromus
+--+
+-- Cyprogenia
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 36 | 35 | 3 | 38 | 38 | 4 | 160 | +-------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
| +-------------- Elliptoideus
| +--------------+
| | | +----------- Plectomerus **
--+ | +--+
| | | +-------- Obovaria_unicolor
| | +--+
| | | +----- Obovaria_olivaria
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lemiox
|
| +-------- Cyrtonaias
| +-----------------+
| | | +----- Reginaia **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Amblema **
|
| +----------------------- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +----------------- Parvaspina
+--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_stabile
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 34 | 33 | 3 | 172 | +-- Amblema **
+--------------------------+
| +-- Reginaia **
--+
| +-------------------------- Lampsilini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Elliptoideus
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------- Parvaspina
+--+ |
| +-------------- Plethobasus
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----------+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
+-- Pleurobema_clava
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 38 | 37 | 3 | 170 | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Reginaia **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 31 | 30 | 4 | 172 | +----------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Amblema **
+--+ +--------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia **
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaias
| +-----------------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
| |
+--+ +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Glebula
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Truncilla
+--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------------- Pachynaias
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Sphenonaias
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Epioblasma
+--+
+-- Ligumia
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 38 | 38 | 2 | 37 | 36 | 3 | 178 | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Reginaia **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 4 | 172 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaiadini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Plectomerus **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 54 | 12 | 4 | 172 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaiadini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 25 | 25 | 4 | 172 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaiadini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Plectomerus **
Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 40 | 39 | 3 | 38 | 38 | 3 | 180 | +-------------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
| +-- Amblema **
--+ +--------------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------------- Plectomerus **
| |
| | +----------------------------- Toxolasma
+--+ |
| | +----- Popenaiadini
| | +--------------------+
+--+ | | +-- Glebula
| | +--+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Obliquaria
| |
| | +-- Medionidus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lemiox
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Cyprogenia
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------- Potamilus
| +--------+
| | | +----- Atlanticoncha
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Truncilla
|
| +-- Hamiota
| +-----------+
| | +-- Villosa
| |
+--+ +----------- Ligumia
| |
| | +----- Venustaconcha
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Obovaria
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Epioblasma
|
| +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 171 | +-- Pleurobemini
+-----------+
| +-- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----- Paetulunio
| +-----+
| | | +-- Amblema **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Reginaia **
|
| +-------- Lampsilis
| |
+--+ +----- Leaunio
| |
+--+----- Obovaria
|
| +-- Villosa
+--+
+-- Cambarunio
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 54 | 12 | 4 | 172 | +-------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-- Popenaiadini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Patterson et al., 2021 [Publ 4222], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 173 | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Amblema **
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 26 | 26 | 3 | 179 | +-------------------------- Lampsilis
|
--+ +----------------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +----- Medionidus
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Dromus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----------------- Obliquaria
| |
+--+ +-------------- Amblema **
| |
| | +----- Reginaia **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Elliptoideus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Plectomerus **
|
| +-------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 173 | +-- Quadrulini
--+
+-- Amblema **
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 27 | 18 | 3 | 26 | 26 | 3 | 176 | +----------- Lampsilis
|
| +-------- Obliquaria
| |
| +-------- Amblema **
| |
--+ +-------- Reginaia **
| |
| +-------- Potamilus
| |
| +-------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-- Elliptoideus
+-----+
| +-- Plectomerus **
|
| +----- Medionidus
+--+
| | +-- Dromus
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 41 | 42 | 2 | 38 | 38 | 3 | 165 | +----------- Amblema **
|
--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +----- Popenaiadini
+--+
| +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 22 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblema **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 9 | 3 | 177 | +-- Gonideini
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema **
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Unio
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 16 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 18 | 4 | 180 | +-------------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-------- Amblema **
+--+
| +----- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 177 | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 21 | 0 | 2 | 197 | 23 | 3 | 180 | +-------- Amblema **
|
+-------- Toxolasma
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Obliquaria
+-----+
| +-- Plectomerus **
--+
| +----- Ellipsaria
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
+----- Truncilla
|
+----- Venustaconcha
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Leaunio
|
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 16 | 0 | 2 | 197 | 23 | 3 | 183 | +-------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +----------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Amblema **
| |
| | +----- Toxolasma
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Obliquaria
| | +--+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| | +----------- Potamilus_alatus
+--+ |
| | +-------- Venustaconcha
| | |
+--+ +-------- Leaunio
| |
| | +-- Ellipsaria
| +-----+
+--+ +-- Truncilla
|
| +-- Medionidus
+-----+
| +-- Ptychobranchus
|
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 36 | 0 | 2 | 34 | 34 | 1 | 168 | +-- Amblema **
|
--+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 29 | 0 | 2 | 33 | 27 | 3 | 179 | +-------- Reginaia **
|
--+ +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 25 | 16 | 3 | 179 | +-- Megalonaias
+-----------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
--+ |
| +-----------------+ +-- Eurynia
| | | |
| | +--+-- Pleurobema
| | |
+--+ +-- Uniomerus
|
| +-------------------- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Obliquaria
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis
| |
+--+ +----------- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------- Medionidus
| |
+--+ +----- Potamilus_purpuratus
| |
+--+----- Lampsilis
|
| +-- Ellipsaria
+--+
+-- Villosa
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 10 | 3 | 177 | +-- Gonideini
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema **
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 4 | -- | +-- Popenaiadini
+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
--+ +-- Amblema **
| +--+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 4 | -- | +-- Popenaiadini
+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
--+ +-- Amblema **
| +--+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 16 | 0 | 2 | 195 | 23 | 3 | 183 | +----------------------------------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Toxolasma
| |
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-------------------- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
+--+ +----------------- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| | +-- Medionidus
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-- Ellipsaria
| +--------+
| | +-- Truncilla
+--+
| +-------- Leaunio
| |
+--+ +-- Venustaconcha
| +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Reginaia **
--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lampsilini
--+
| +----- Reginaia **
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 21 | 0 | 2 | 36 | 27 | 3 | 183 | +-------------------------------- Quadrulina
|
--+ +----------------------------- Megalonaias
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Toxolasma
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Amblema **
| |
| | +-------------------- Pleurobemini
+--+ |
| | +-- Reginaia **
| +-----------------+
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
|
| +----------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +----------- Lampsilis_cardium
| |
| | +----- Ligumia
| +-----+
+--+ | +-- Obovaria
| +--+
| +-- Epioblasma
|
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_higginsii
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 4 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| | +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| +-- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Obliquaria
| |
| +----- None
+--+
+----- Popenaiadini
|
| +-- Glebula
+--+
+-- Cyrtonaias
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 3 | -- | Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 19 | 3 | 180 | +-- Megalonaias
+-----------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina
|
| +----------- Elliptoideus
| +-----------+
--+ | | +-------- Pleurobema
| | +--+
| | | +----- Uniomerus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia
+--+ +--+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +-------------------- Amblema **
| |
| | +----- Toxolasma
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +-- Plectomerus **
| | +--+
| | +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+ +----- Ptychobranchus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Potamilus_fragilis
| | +--+
| | +-- Medionidus
+--+
| +-- Villosa
| +--------+
| | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Potamilus_purpuratus
+--+
+-- Potamilus_alatus
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 16 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 18 | 4 | 180 | +-------------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-------- Amblema **
+--+
| +----- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Reginaia **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 174 | +----------------- Glebula
|
--+ +-- Amblema **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +-------- Leaunio
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
+-- Potamilus
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrula_quadrula
|
--+-------- Quadrula_verrucosa
|
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 23 | 3 | -- | +----------- Megalonaias
|
--+ +-- Uniomerus
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulina
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 12 | 3 | 179 | +----------- Megalonaias
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
| +--+
--+ | | +-- Uniomerus
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema
| |
| | +----- Potamilus_fragilis
+--+ |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Amblema **
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
+--+--+
| +-- Plectomerus **
|
| +-- Villosa
| |
| +-- Ellipsaria
| |
+--+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Potamilus_purpuratus
|
+-- Ptychobranchus
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 12 | 3 | 178 | +----------------------------- Megalonaias
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
--+ +--------------------+
| | | +-- Uniomerus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema
|
| +----------------------- Amblema **
| |
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus **
+--+
| +----------------- Medionidus
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis
+--+
| +----------- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------- Potamilus_purpuratus
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis
+--+
| +-- Villosa
+--+
+-- Ellipsaria
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 16 | 3 | 179 | +-- Megalonaias
+-----------+
| +-- Quadrulina
|
--+ +----- Amblema **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Plectomerus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-------- Elliptoideus
+--+
| +----- Uniomerus
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 20 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 31 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 31 | 4 | 179 | +-------------------------- Quadrulini
|
| +----------------------- Plectomerus **
--+ |
| | +-------------------- Popenaiadini
| | |
| | +-------------------- Pleurobemini
+--+ |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| | +--+
| | | +-- Glebula
| +--------------+
| | | +-- Reginaia **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Obliquaria
|
| +----------------- Toxolasma
| |
| | +-------------- Potamilus
| | |
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
| | +-----------+
+--+ | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Medionidus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Lemiox
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Dromus
|
| +----------- Cambarunio
| |
| +----------- Leaunio
| |
| +----------- Villosa
| |
| | +-- Sagittunio
| +--------+
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +----- Venustaconcha
+-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria
|
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 10 | 3 | -- | -- Plectomerus_dombeyanus **
Burdick & White, 2007 [Publ 2679], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 2 | -- | +-------------------------------- Lampsilini
|
--+ +----------------------------- Parvaspina
| |
| | +-------------------------- Reginaia **
+--+ |
| | +----- Eurynia
| | +-----------------+
+--+ | | +-- Plethobasus
| | +--+
| | +-- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------------- Pleurobema_plenum
+--+ |
| +-------------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__1
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Fusconaia
+--+ +--------+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_sintoxia__1
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum__2
| | | |
| | +--+-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__2
| | |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia__3
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_stabile
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_strodeanum
+--+ +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_perovatum
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_taitianum
|
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_oviforme
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_decisum
| +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_georgianum
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 23 | 2 | -- | +-- Plectomerus **
|
--+-- Quadrulini
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 54 | 3 | -- | +----- Pleurobemini
|
--+ +-- Amblema **
| |
+--+-- Popenaiadini
|
+-- Lampsilini
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 53 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lampsilini
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Popenaiadini
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 25 | 2 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
|
--+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 14 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 138 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-- Amblema **
|
--+-- Quadrulini
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 14 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Amblema **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
|
+----------- Plectomerus **
|
| +-- Elliptio_arctata
| +-----+
| | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
--+ | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_stabile
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
| |
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__3
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_cordatum
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
+----- Fusconaia_flava
|
+----- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+----- Eurynia
|
+----- Elliptio_arca
|
+----- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
|
| +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
|
+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 16 | 3 | -- | Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 3 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 16 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 12 | 3 | -- | +-- Obliquaria
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-------- Amblema **
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Truncilla
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
| |
| +-- Cambarunio
+--+
+-- Ligumia
|
+-- Epioblasma
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 11 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 13 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblema **
+-----------+
| | +----- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Obliquaria
--+ +--+
| +-- Quadrulini
|
| +----------------- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------------- Truncilla
+--+
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Epioblasma
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 14 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- | +----- Quadrulini
|
--+----- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 16 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burlakova et al., 2012 [Publ 3486], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 35 | 1 | -- | +-- Plectomerus **
--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 124 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
--+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Eurynia
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrula_quadrula
|
+-- Quadrula_verrucosa
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +----------------------- Quadrulini
|
+----------------------- Plectomerus **
|
| +-------------------- Lampsilini
| |
| +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| +-------------------- Fusconaia_cerina
--+ |
| +-------------------- Fusconaia_flava
| |
| +-------------------- Hemistena
| |
| +-------------------- Plethobasus
| |
| +-------------------- Parvaspina
| |
+--+-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
+-------------------- Pleuronaia
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
|
+-------------------- Elliptio
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_decisum
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
+----------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
+--+ +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+ +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
|
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_athearni
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblema **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 25 | 2 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
|
--+-- Plectomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 82 | 6 | 3 | -- | Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 14 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 17 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 17 | 1 | -- | +-------------------- Obliquaria
|
+-------------------- Amblema **
|
| +----------------- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +----------------- Obovaria
--+ |
| | +-- Leaunio
| +--------------+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| |
| | +-------- Ortmanniana
| | |
+--+--------+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_virescens
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_radiata
|
| +-------------- Lampsilis_bracteata
| |
+--+ +----------- Lampsilis_ornata
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
+--+ +----- Lampsilis_cardium__3
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_satura
| |
+--+-- Lampsilis_cardium__1
|
+-- Lampsilis_cardium__2
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Amblema **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 79 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pleurobemini
--+
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Popenaiadini
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 17 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Reginaia **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 13 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Toxolasma
|
+-------- Amblema **
|
| +-- Glebula
+-----+
--+ +-- Cyrtonaias
|
| +-- Quadrulini
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobemini
|
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Ligumia
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | -- | Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 16 | 3 | -- | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Quadrulini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 15 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 11 | 3 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 120 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
--+
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Quadrulini
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Quadrulini
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 14 | 4 | -- | +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| | +-------- Popenaiadini
| +--+
| | +----- Amblema **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Quadrulini
| +--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
|
| +----------- Potamilus
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Venustaconcha
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblema **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Keogh & Simons, 2019 [Publ 3935], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 87 | 15 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 51 | 11 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 13 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 16 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblema **
--+
+-- Quadrulini
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 16 | 3 | -- | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrula
|
--+-------- Pustulosa
|
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 12 | 3 | -- | +----- Eurynia
+-----------+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| +--+
| +-- Ptychobranchus
--+
| +-- Amblema **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 16 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 15 | 2 | -- | +----- Amblema **
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 6 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblema **
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
--+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Glebula
+--------+
| +-- Cyrtonaias
|
--+ +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| | +----- Potamilus
| +--+
+--+ | +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
|
| +----- Amblema **
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- |
|
