The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae tribe ANODONTINI Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
3 subtribes, 1 genus Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 98 (119 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: subtribe) = 4
analyzed in 349 cladograms in 198 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
41 (mean = 6.63, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 1.8, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 298
maximum number of included terminals = 41, (mean =
7.6 median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 1.93, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.87 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 138
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (subtribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 33 (mean = 8.51, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 2.61, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.78
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 39 | 32 | 3 | 35 | 26 | 4 | 0 | +-- Anemina **
+--------------+
| +-- Amuranodonta **
|
| +----- Parreysiini
+-----------+
| | +-- Coelaturini
| +--+
--+ +-- Indochinellini
|
| +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 25 | 3 | 89 | 38 | 4 | 56 | +----------- Acuticostini
|
+----------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+----------- Unionini
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
+--+ +----- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +-- Pseudanodonta **
| |
+--+-- Anodonta **
|
+-- Alasmidontina **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 42 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 74 | +----------- Cristariina **
|
--+ +-------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| +--+
| | +-- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 37 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 69 | +----- Anodonta **
--+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 64 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 66 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 57 | Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 25 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 58 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 27 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 63 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 58 | Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 24 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 54 | Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 39 | 37 | 3 | 58 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta **
+--+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 47 | 24 | 3 | 181 | 27 | 4 | 56 | +-------- Acuticostini
|
+-------- Alasmidonta **
|
+-------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+-------- Anemina **
|
+-------- Anodonta_cygnea **
|
+-------- Cristaria **
|
+-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
|
+-------- Lasmigona **
|
+-------- Lepidodesmini
|
+-------- Pseudanodonta **
|
+-------- Pyganodon **
|
--+-------- Simpsonaias **
|
+-------- Strophitus **
|
+-------- Utterbackia **
|
+-------- Lanceolariini
|
+-------- Schistodesmus
|
+-------- Unionina
|
+-------- Aculamprotulina
|
| +-- Pletholophus **
+-----+
| +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
| |
| +----- Tchangsinaia
| |
+--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens
|
+----- Nodularia
|
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 17 | 3 | 179 | 26 | 4 | 48 | +-------------------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +----------------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Lanceolariini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Cristariina **
| |
| | +----------- Anodonta **
+--+ |
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| +--------+
+--+ +-- Lasmigona **
|
| +-- Pyganodon **
| +-----+
| | +-- Utterbackia **
+--+
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Simpsonaias **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 0 | 3 | 84 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +-- Alasmidonta_marginata **
|
+-- Prolasmidonta **
|
+-- Alasmidonta_undulata **
|
+-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
|
+-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
|
+-- Anodonta_oregonensis **
|
+-- Arcidens_confragosus **
|
+-- Arcidens_wheeleri **
|
+-- Pterosyna **
|
--+-- Platynaias_compressa **
|
+-- Lasmigona **
|
+-- Platynaias_decorata **
|
+-- Platynaias_subviridis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
|
+-- Pseudodontoideus **
|
+-- Strophitus **
|
+-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1 **
|
+-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2 **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 13 | 3 | 181 | 27 | 4 | 49 | +----------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +-------------- Lepidodesmini
| |
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Lanceolariini
| |
| | +-------- Cristariina **
+--+ |
| | +----- Alasmidonta **
| | |
+--+ +----- Lasmigona **
| |
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
| |
+--+----- Simpsonaias **
|
+----- Strophitus **
|
+----- Anodonta **
|
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Utterbackia **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 35 | 37 | 3 | 49 | 16 | 3 | 54 | +-- Anemina **
+--------------+
| +-- Buldowskia **
|
--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 35 | 36 | 3 | 49 | 16 | 3 | 50 | +-- Anemina **
+--------------+
| +-- Buldowskia **
|
--+ +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Beringiana **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 35 | 37 | 3 | 49 | 16 | 3 | 52 | +-- Anemina **
+--------------+
| +-- Buldowskia **
|
--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 74 | 29 | 4 | 49 | +----------------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +-------------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| +--------+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 78 | 29 | 4 | 49 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 35 | 33 | 1 | 49 | +-------------------- Unionini
--+
| +----------------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
+--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 14 | 3 | 78 | 29 | 4 | 51 | +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| |
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+----- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_anatina **
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 58 | 54 | 3 | 49 | +----------------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +-------------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Lanceolariini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| +--------+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 74 | 29 | 4 | 49 | +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----------------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
+--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 17 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 36 | 34 | 3 | 49 | +-------------------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------------------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------------------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----------------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-------------- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
+--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 18 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 49 | +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea **
|
+----------------- Pyganodon **
|
+----------------- Alasminota **
|
+----------------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----------------- Unionini
|
+----------------- Cristariina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
--+--------------+
| +-- Anodonta_californiensis **
|
| +-- Pseudodontoideus **
| |
+--------------+-- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-- Pterosyna **
|
| +-------------- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| | +----- Strophitus **
| +--------+
+--+ | +-- Prolasmidonta **
| +--+
| +-- Platynaias **
|
| +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis__4 **
+--+
| +-------- Anodonta_oregonensis__3 **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_oregonensis__2 **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_oregonensis__1 **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +-- Platynaias **
|
+--------+-- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-- Pterosyna **
--+
| +-------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
| +--+
| | +-- Utterbackiana **
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 2 | 40 | 17 | 4 | 45 | +----------- Unionini
|
--+ +-- Lepidodesmini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +-- Lasmigona **
|
+--------+-- Platynaias **
| |
| +-- Pterosyna **
--+
| +-- Utterbackia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
+--+
+-- Utterbackiana **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 110 | 12 | 2 | 46 | +----- Unionini
|
| +-- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
| +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
--+ |
| +-- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon **
| |
| +-- Simpsonaias **
| |
| +-- Strophitus **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta_lauta **
|
+-- Cristaria_plicata **
|
+-- Cristaria_radiata **
|
+-- Pletholophus **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_lucida **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
|
+-- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
|
+-- Lanceolaria_grayii__2
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 48 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 124 | 12 | 2 | 45 | +-------------------- Unionini
--+
| +----------------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----------- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +-------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Pterosyna **
|
+--------+-- Platynaias **
| |
| +-- Lasmigona **
--+
| +-- Utterbackia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
+--+
+-- Utterbackiana **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Pterosyna **
|
+--------+-- Platynaias **
| |
| +-- Lasmigona **
--+
| +-- Utterbackia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
+--+
+-- Utterbackiana **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 17 | 10 | 3 | 124 | 12 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Unionini
|
--+ +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+----- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **
|
+----- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
|
+----- Utterbackia_peggyae **
|
+----- Anodonta_cygnea **
|
+----- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
|
+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1 **
|
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2 **
|
+----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
|
| +-- Lasmigona **
+--+
| +-- Utterbackiana_implicata **
|
| +-- Pterosyna **
| |
| +-- Platynaias **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+
+-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 62 | 12 | 2 | 42 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 11 | 3 | 66 | 14 | 2 | 42 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 13 | 3 | 24 | 2 | 1 | 45 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 13 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 62 | 12 | 2 | 42 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 47 | +-- Lanceolariini
+--------------+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +-------------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +----------- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
+--+
+-- Anodonta_cygnea **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 61 | 21 | 4 | 47 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +-------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 40 | 20 | 4 | 45 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
+-------------- Unionini
--+
| +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 61 | 21 | 4 | 47 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +-------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +-------------- Cristariina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_exulcerata **
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_californiensis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodonta_oregonensis **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 25 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 24 | 7 | 2 | 41 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 57 | 21 | 4 | 46 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +-------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 34 | 32 | 3 | 23 | 4 | 2 | 67 | +----- Prolasmidonta **
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia
|
| +----- Oxynaiina
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotulina
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias **
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon **
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------------- Gibbosula
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 75 | 33 | 4 | 45 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 29 | 15 | 4 | 45 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 36 | 30 | 3 | 35 | 26 | 4 | 13 | +-- Anemina **
+-----------+
| +-- Amuranodonta **
|
| +----- Pletholophus **
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
| |
+--+----- Cristaria **
|
| +-- Acuticostini
| |
+--+-- Lepidodesmini
|
+-- Unionini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 81 | 16 | 4 | 41 | +----------------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +-- Lepidodesmini
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Unionini
+--+
| +----------------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----------- Lasmigona **
+--+
| +-------- Anodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 13 | 3 | 44 | +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| +--+
--+ +-- Alasmidontina **
|
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 31 | 22 | 4 | 34 | +-------------------- Globunionina
|
| +----- Aculamprotulina
--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Unionina
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Oxynaiina
|
| +-------------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 5 | 2 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 45.5 | +----------- Utterbackiana **
|
+----------- Platynaias **
|
+----------- Alasmidonta **
--+
| +-- Pterosyna **
+--------+
| +-- Lasmigona **
|
| +-------- Strophitus **
+--+
| +----- Utterbackia **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 64 | 26 | 4 | 44 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 31 | 22 | 4 | 34 | +-------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +----------- Lepidodesmini
| |
+--+----------- Unionini
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 46 | 16 | 4 | 43 | +-------------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 32 | 24 | 3 | 31 | 22 | 4 | 19 | +-- Anemina **
+--------+
| +-- Amuranodonta **
|
| +----- Pletholophus **
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola
| |
| +----- Acuticostini
| |
| +----- Lepidodesmini
| |
+--+----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
|
+----- Cristaria **
|
+----- Unionini
|
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 22 | 5 | 1 | 24 | 12 | 4 | 52 | +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1
|
+----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2
|
+----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **
|
+----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **
|
+----- Sinanodonta_lauta **
|
+----- Beringiana_japonica **
|
+----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1 **
|
+----- Beringiana_beringiana **
|
+----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2 **
|
+----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3 **
|
+----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 **
|
+----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 **
|
+----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **
--+
+----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **
|
+----- Pletholophus **
|
+----- Anemina **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
|
+----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_gladiola
|
+----- Sinanodonta_angula **
|
+----- Lepidodesmini
|
| +-- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
|
| +-- Cuneopsis
+--+
| +-- Nodularia
|
| +-- Schistodesmus
+--+
+-- Inversiunio
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 78 | 33 | 4 | 44 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 81 | 16 | 4 | 43 | +-------------------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +----------------------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Lanceolariini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Lepidodesmini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+ +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+ +-- Lasmigona **
| +-----+
| | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 31 | 22 | 4 | 34 | +-------------------- Unionini
|
--+ +----------------- Acuticostini
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| |
| | +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
| | +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Anemina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus **
+--+
| +-- Sinanodonta **
+--+
+-- Beringiana **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 44 | 18 | 4 | 44 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 29 | 29 | 4 | 44 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 73 | 7 | 2 | 40 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 24 | 12 | 4 | 43 | +-------------- Cristariina **
|
| +-- Tchangsinaia
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Nodularia
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus
| +-----+
| | +-- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Inversiunio
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 37 | 17 | 4 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 29 | 12 | 3 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 33 | 9 | 1 | 43 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 23 | 9 | 2 | 43 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 35 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 40 | 18 | 4 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 22 | 9 | 2 | 43 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 41 | +-------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 35 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 44 | +----- Lanceolariini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 39 | 13 | 3 | 43 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 33 | 38 | 1 | 39 | 25 | 4 | 58 | +-------------- Anemina **
|
--+ +----------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------- Acuticostini
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini
| +--+
| | +-- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 13 | 5 | 2 | 41 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 31 | 29 | 1 | 37 | 23 | 4 | 51 | +----------------- Anemina **
|
--+ +-------------- Acuticostini
| |
+--+ +----------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------- Aculamprotulina
| |
+--+ +-- Cristaria **
| +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 17 | 2 | 1 | 42 | +----------- Unionina
--+
| +-------- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 17 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +----- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 14 | 5 | 1 | 40 | +-------------- Unionini
--+
| +----------- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-------- Anemina **
+--+
| +----- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 23 | 11 | 1 | 42 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 15 | 6 | 1 | 40 | +-------------- Unionini
--+
| +----------- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-------- Anemina **
+--+
| +----- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 14 | 5 | 2 | 27 | 7 | 4 | 44 | +-------- Strophitus **
|
+-------- Schistodesmus
|
+-------- Lepidodesmini
|
+-------- Acuticostini
|
+-------- Cristariina **
--+
+-------- Lanceolariini
|
| +-- Nodularia
+-----+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
|
| +----- Utterbackia **
| |
+--+----- Utterbackiana **
|
| +-- Alasmidonta **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 10 | 3 | 41 | +----------- Unionini
|
--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 10 | 2 | 41 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 27 | 7 | 4 | 41 | +-- Cristariina **
+--------+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
|
--+ +----- Acuticostini
| +--+
| | | +-- Nodularia
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia
|
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus
+--+
+-- Lepidodesmini
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 34 | 6 | 2 | 41 | +-------------- Aculamprotulina
|
--+ +-- Oxynaiina
| +--------+
| | +-- Unionina
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 34 | 6 | 2 | 41 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 46 | 11 | 3 | 42 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 46 | 10 | 4 | 42 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
|
--+ +----------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 46 | 21 | 4 | 41 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 33 | 11 | 4 | 40 | +----- Cristariina **
+-----+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| +--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
| +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini
| +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-- Unionina
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 29 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 42 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 24 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 14 | 3 | 2 | 40 | +-- Lepidodesmini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Cristaria **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 48 | +-- Anodontina **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia **
|
--+ +----- Unionini
| +--+
| | | +-- Pyganodon **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Cristariina **
|
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +----- Pyganodon **
|
| +-- Lasmigona **
--+--+
| +-- Pseudodontoideus **
|
| +-- Alasminota **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 96 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +----------- Anodonta_oregonensis **
|
--+ +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasminota **
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontoideus **
Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 24 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 19 | 3 | 1 | 40.5 | +-------------- Oxynaiina
|
--+ +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
+--+ +-------- Unio_pictorum__2
| |
+--+ +-- Unio_pictorum__1
| +--+
| | +-- Unio_caffer
+--+
| +-- Anodonta **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-- Unionini
|
--+-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Anodontina **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 40.5 | +----- Utterbackia **
+--+
| | +-- Utterbackiana **
| +--+
--+ +-- Anodontina **
|
| +----- Strophitus **
+--+
| +-- Lasmigona **
+--+
+-- Alasmidonta **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 40 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 40 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 40 | +----------- Unionini
--+
| +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +-------------- Pseudanodonta **
--+
| +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta__2 **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Anodonta__1 **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 40 | +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
--+ +----- Cristariina **
| |
+--+----- Unionini
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 32 | 11 | 4 | 40 | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Unionini
+--+
| +----------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Acuticostini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 26 | 23 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 18 | 11 | 3 | 13 | 4 | 2 | 52 | +----------- Cristariina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta **
| |
| +-------- Unionini
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +-- Alathyria
| |
| +--+-- Lamprotulini
| | |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
| |
+--+-- Pleurobemini
|
+-- Lampsilini
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 26 | 23 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +-------------- Pseudanodonta **
--+
| +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta__2 **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+--+
+-- Anodonta__1 **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 6 | 2 | 41 | +-- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 41 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Anodonta **
+--+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Cristariina **
--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Inversiunio
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 2 | 39 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
|
--+ +-- Cristaria **
| +--+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-- Anemina **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 43 | +----- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----- Anodonta_cygnea **
--+
+----- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 6 | 2 | 38 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 39 | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
| |
+--+-- Anodontina **
|
+-- Alasmidontina **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 53 | 4 | 2 | 39 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 36 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Unionini
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 39 | Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 19 | 3 | 1 | 38 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 38 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 13 | 4 | 1 | 38 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 42 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 38 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 12 | 3 | 39 | +-------- Lanceolariini
|
--+ +-- Aculamprotulina
| +--+
| | +-- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 19 | 17 | 3 | 39 | +----------- Acuticostini
--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Unionini
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 6 | 2 | 38 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 43 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 43 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 39 | +-------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_grayii
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolaria_gladiola
+--+
| +----- Unionini
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 38 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 53 | 4 | 2 | 39 | +----------- Lanceolariini
--+
| +-------- Unionini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 27 | 12 | 3 | 39 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 18 | 1 | 1 | 54 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideini
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 18 | 2 | 1 | 53.5 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideini
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotulina
|
+-- Unionina
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 42 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 41 | +----- Anodontina **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
+--+-- Margaritifera
|
+-- Unionini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +----- Pyganodon **
|
--+ +-- Lasmigona **
| |
+--+-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Utterbackia **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 38 | +----------- Lanceolariini
--+
| +-------- Unionini
+--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 18 | 6 | 2 | 40 | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 39 | +----------------- Acuticostini
|
--+ +-------------- Lanceolaria_grayii
| |
| +-------------- Lanceolaria_gladiola
+--+
+-------------- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
|
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lasmigona **
+--+
| +----- Anodontina **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 4 | 2 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
+-----+
| +-- Cristariina **
--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
+--+
+-- Unionina
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 39.5 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 20 | 15 | 1 | 38 | +----- Aculamprotulina
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 11 | 1 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 37 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 7 | 1 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +----- Pyganodon **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 37 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 39 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 40 | Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 41 | Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 38 | Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 39.5 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-------- Unionini
--+
| +----- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 38 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 22 | 16 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 38 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 37 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 39.5 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 14 | 9 | 1 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 48 | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis **
|
+-- Utterbackia **
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 14 | 1 | 38 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 31 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +-------- Unio_pictorum
--+
| +----- Unio_tumidus
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +----- Unio_pictorum
|
--+----- Unio_tumidus
|
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 38 | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 39 | 25 | 4 | 39 | +-------------- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +----------- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 44 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 39 | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 39 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 28 | 2 | 1 | 40 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 46 | 0 | 0 | 38 | Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 39 | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 39 | +----------- Cristariina **
|
--+ +-------- Oxynaiina
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_grayii
| |
+--+----- Acuticostini
|
| +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
+--+
+-- Aculamprotulina
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 27 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 15 | 4 | 46 | +----------- Acuticostini
|
+----------- Cristariina **
|
--+----------- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
| | +-- Aculamprotulina
+--+-----+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
|
| +----- Unionina
+--+
| +-- Middendorffinaiina
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Cristariina **
--+
| +----- Unionini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 8 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +-------------- Cristariina **
|
--+ +----------- Alasmidontina **
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis
| |
+--+ +-- Venustaconcha
| +--+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-------- Unio_crassus
--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum
+--+
| +-- Unio_tumidus
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 15 | 4 | 48 | +----------- Anodontina **
|
--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +-----+
| | +-- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-------- Unio_tumidus
--+
| +----- Anodontina **
+--+
| +-- Unio_crassus
+--+
+-- Unio_pictorum
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | -- | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 24 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 26 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 18 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 45 | +-------------- Sinanodonta **
|
--+ +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Lamprotulini
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +-------- Cristaria **
--+
| +----- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Margaritifera
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 11 | 3 | -- | Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 40 | +-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
|
+-- Quadrulini
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
+-- Cristariina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 36 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini
Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | -- | Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 2 | 1 | -- | +----- Unionini
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 38 | +----- Sinanodonta **
--+
| +-- Cristaria **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 1 | 1 | -- | Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 5 | 2 | -- | Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackiana_implicata **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Arcidens_confragosus **
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 3 | -- | Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | -- | Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackiana_couperiana **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Arcidens_confragosus **
Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 3 | 1 | -- | Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Arcidens_confragosus **
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 0 | 0 | -- | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Cristariina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 0 | -- | Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Alasmidontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
--+
+-- Unionini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 2 | -- | +----------- Unionina
|
--+ +-- Middendorffinaiina
| +-----+
| | +-- Oxynaiina
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Lepidodesmini
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Oxynaiina
+--+
| +-- Aculamprotulina
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionina
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 1 | -- | +----------- Oxynaiina
|
| +-- Unio_gibbus
--+ |
| +-----+-- Unio_tumidus
| | |
| | +-- Anodontina **
+--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum__1
| |
| +----- Unio_pictorum__2
+--+
+----- Unio_mancus
|
| +-- Unio_tumidiformis
+--+
+-- Unio_crassus
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 3 | 1 | -- | Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontina **
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri
--+
+-- Unio_pictorum
|
+-- Aculamprotulina
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 0 | 0 | -- | Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata **
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Anodontina **
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 0 | 0 | -- | Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Utterbackiana_implicata **
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | -- | Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Sinanodonta_woodiana **
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini
--+
+-- Anodontina **
|
