The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily GONIDEINAE Ortmann, 1916: cladomics
7 genera, 8 tribes Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 174 (205 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 15
analyzed in 260 cladograms in 156 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
72 (mean = 11.24, median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 2.85, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 215
maximum number of included terminals = 72, (mean =
13.38 median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 3.23, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.79 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 149
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 72 (mean = 12.49, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
9 (mean = 3.54, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.71
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 42 | 40 | 9 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 0 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
| +-----+
--+ | | +----- Unioninae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Discomya **
+--+
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Caudiculatus **
+--+
| +-- Potomida **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 56 | 81 | 73 | 6 | 143 | 104 | 3 | 98 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 72 | 72 | 57 | 6 | 46 | 41 | 1 | 85 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
--+ | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini **
| | |
| | | +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
+--+ | |
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1 **
| | |
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia **
+--+ |
| +-- Microcondylaea **
| |
| +-- Gonidea **
| |
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| |
| +-- Parvasolenaia **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotula_leaii **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Lamprotula_caveata **
|
+-- Potomida **
|
+-- Pronodularia **
|
+-- Sinohyriopsis **
|
+-- Chamberlainia **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2 **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 72 | 72 | 61 | 6 | 40 | 40 | 1 | 87 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 68 | 68 | 68 | 5 | 14 | 14 | 1 | 80 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 58 | 58 | 59 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 70 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| | +----- Ctenodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 56 | 126 | 71 | 6 | 143 | 104 | 3 | 140 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia **
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
| |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
--+ +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis **
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
| +----------- Gonideini **
| |
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+----------- Unioninae
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--------+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Amblema
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----- Ellipsaria
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
+----- Truncilla
|
+----- Venustaconcha
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Leaunio
|
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 55 | 124 | 124 | 6 | 142 | 103 | 3 | 138 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 51 | 87 | 42 | 6 | 74 | 74 | 3 | 103 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini **
| |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
+--+ +-------- Unioninae
| |
| | +----- Ambleminae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Chamberlainia **
| | |
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
| | |
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
+--+ |
| +-- Lamprotula_leaii **
| |
| +-- Potomida **
| |
| +-- Pronodularia **
| |
+--+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 50 | 50 | 49 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 74 | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 49 | 85 | 85 | 6 | 90 | 65 | 3 | 101 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 49 | 137 | 123 | 6 | 90 | 65 | 3 | 148 | +-------- Chamberlainia **
|
+--------------+ +----- Cumberlandia
| | |
| +--+ +-- Gibbosulinae
| | |
| +--+-- Pseudunio
| |
| +-- Margaritifera
|
| +-- Hyriinae
| +-----+
--+ | +-- Velesunioninae
+--------------+
| | +----- Aspathariinae
| +--+
| | +-- Monocondylaeinae
| +--+
| +-- Etheria
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 69 | +----------------------- Pseudodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Inversidens **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
| | +----- Gonidea **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Leguminaia **
| | +--+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-- Koreosolenaia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Postolata **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 39 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 68 | +----------------------- Pseudodontini **
|
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
| | +----- Gonidea **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Leguminaia **
| | +--+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-- Koreosolenaia **
| +-----+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Postolata **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 60 | +----------------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 42 | 42 | 40 | 8 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 57 | +----------------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 39 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 39 | 39 | 38 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66 | Bolotov et al., 2023 [Publ 4312], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 39 | 39 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 67 | Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 50 | 39 | 3 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 70 | +-------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +----- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 34 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | +-- Contradentini **
+--------+
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 33 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 58 | +-- Contradentini **
+--------+
| +-- Rectidentini **
--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 34 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 30 | +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 53 | +----------------------------- Schepmaniini **
|
| +-------------------------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +----------- Hyriopsis_bialata **
| | |
| | +-----------+ +-- Rectidens **
+--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Ctenodesmini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Ensidens **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **
| +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +----- Lamprotula **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Potomida **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonidea **
| +--------+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-------- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | +-------------------------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
| |
+--+ +-- Inversidens **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonidea **
| +--------+
| | +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
| +-------- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 59 | 26 | 5 | 48 | 48 | 3 | 80 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +-----+
+--+ | +-- Contradentini **
| |
| | +----- Unioninae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lamprotula **
| | |
| | +-- Potomida **
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia **
+--+ |
| +-- Gonidea **
| |
| +-- Leguminaia **
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea **
| |
+--+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 35 | +-- Schepmaniini **
+-----------+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +----------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 23 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 47 | +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__1 **
|
+----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__2 **
|
| +-------------------------- Pseudodontini **
--+ |
| | +-- Ensidens **
| | |
| | +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **
| | |
+--+ +-- Rectidens **
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Hyriopsis_bialata **
| | |
| | +-- Ctenodesmini **
| | |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
|
| +-------------------- Inversidens **
| |
| | +----- Lamprotula **
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Potomida **
|
| +-------------- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+--+ +----------- Gonidea **
| |
+--+----------- Microcondylaea **
|
| +-------- Koreosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Postolata **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 | +----------- Chamberlainiini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
--+ +--+
| | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Schepmaniini **
| +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 21 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 56 | +----- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 37 | 30 | 6 | 88 | 77 | 3 | 67 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +-- Lens **
| | |
| | +-- Ensidens **
+--+ |
| +--------+-- Physunio **
| | |
| | +-- Rectidens **
| | |
+--+ +-- Yaukthwa **
|
| +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 31 | 27 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 55 | +----------------- Chamberlainiini **
--+
| +-------------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----------- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 66 | 63 | 6 | 45 | 35 | 2 | 87 | +-------------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 31 | 66 | 64 | 6 | 45 | 35 | 2 | 86 | +-------------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Gonideini **
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 35 | 33 | 6 | 62 | 45 | 3 | 60 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 27 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 35 | 33 | 6 | 62 | 45 | 3 | 60 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 22 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
| | +----- Gonideini **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Schepmaniini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pseudodontini **
|
| +----- Ctenodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 37 | 32 | 6 | 53 | 41 | 3 | 68 | +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +-------- Rectidentini **
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +----- Lens **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Physunio **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- unionoid
|
| +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia **
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +----- Gonidea **
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 22 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 54 | +-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
--+-- Potomida **
|
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Pseudodontini **
Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 52 | +----------- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 6 | 31 | 29 | 3 | 49 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 49 | 42 | 4 | 26 | 24 | 1 | 73 | +----- Parreysiinae
+--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| +-- Contradentini **
|
--+ +-- Gibbosulinae
| |
| +-- Margaritiferinae
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia **
| |
+-----+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Potomida **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 6 | 70 | 64 | 3 | 47 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 6 | 70 | 64 | 3 | 47 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 75 | 64 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 75 | 64 | 3 | 46 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 4 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 54 | +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
--+ |
| | +----- Chamberlainia **
| | +--------------+
+--+ | | +-- Sundadontina **
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
| |
+--+ +----- Indopseudodontina **
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Pseudodon **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pilsbryoconcha **
+--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| +--------+
| | +-- Parvasolenaia **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Gonidea **
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 6 | 34 | 32 | 2 | 45 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 20 | 18 | 6 | 69 | 60 | 2 | 53 | +----------------------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
| +-----------+ +-- Contradentini **
--+ | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Rectidentini **
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Lamprotulini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Inversiunio
| +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesmini
| |
| | +----- Anodontini
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Acuticostini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lanceolariini
|
| +----------------- Globunio
| |
+--+ +-------------- Aculamprotula
| |
+--+ +----------- Unio
| |
+--+ +-- Nodularia
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudocuneopsis
+--+
| +----- Schistodesmus
+--+
| +-- Tchangsinaia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 44 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 44 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 40 | 33 | 3 | 38 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Unioninae
| +-----------+
| | +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 40 | 33 | 3 | 36 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Unioninae
+-----------+
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 6 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 43 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 47 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 50 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 48 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 4 | 59 | 48 | 2 | 48 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 26 | 16 | 3 | 45.5 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Rectidentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 55 | 44 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jeratthitikul & Sutcharit, 2023 [Publ 4289], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 43 | 42 | 3 | 50 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 31 | 28 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 36 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 51 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 41 | 40 | 3 | 31 | 29 | 1 | 80 | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 13 | 3 | 33 | 31 | 1 | 54 | +-------------------- Unioninae
|
--+ +----------------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
| | +----- Parvasolenaia_rivularis **
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Parvasolenaia_triangularis **
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata **
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia_recognita **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__2 **
| |
+--+ +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__1 **
| |
+--+-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora__3 **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 46 | +-- Parreysiinae
+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 41 | 38 | 2 | 46 | +-------------- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 25 | 23 | 3 | 45 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +--------+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 34 | 32 | 4 | 23 | 22 | 2 | 69 | +----- Prolasmidonta
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata **
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotula
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini **
|
| +----------------- Gibbosulinae
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 49 | Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 10 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 48.5 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-------- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +--+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Contradentini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 41 | 39 | 2 | 45 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 27 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +-- Ctenodesmini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 30 | 30 | 2 | 47 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 21 | 11 | 1 | 44.5 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 46 | 36 | 2 | 48 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 29 | 26 | 2 | 47 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 42 | 36 | 3 | 44 | 42 | 2 | 75 | +-------- Quadrulini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblemini
--+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Muanta et al., 2019 [Publ 3921], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 23 | 23 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 41 | 33 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 47 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 48 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 34 | 24 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 38 | 32 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 42 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Obovalis **
+--+
+-- Ptychorhynchus **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 21 | 20 | 2 | 47 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 3 | 60 | 37 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-------- Inversidens **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Obovalis **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 26 | 22 | 1 | 51 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 9 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 46 | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Rectidentini **
+--+
+-- Contradentini **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 8A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 42 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 25 | 21 | 1 | 49 | +----------- Unioninae
|
| +-- Obovalis **
--+ +-----+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus **
| |
+--+ +-- Inversidens **
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 23 | 23 | 2 | 46 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Goncalves et al., 2022 [Publ 4253], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 16 | 13 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 33 | 30 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 30 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 49 | +-- Gonideini **
+-----+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Potomida **
|
--+ +-- Pronodularia **
| |
| +-- Lamprotula **
+--+
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 25 | 22 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 46 | +-------------- Anodontini
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini
| +--------+
| | +-- Unionini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 24 | 22 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42.5 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Rectidentini **
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 14 | 13 | 2 | 45 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 30 | 18 | 3 | 51 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-------------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 15 | 13 | 4 | 30 | 18 | 3 | 51 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Pseudodontini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Contradentini **
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 19 | 19 | 1 | 45 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 16 | 16 | 2 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 16 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 45 | +----- Chamberlainia **
--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Zieritz et al., 2016 [Publ 3804], fig. S2-1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42 | Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 26 | 2 | 43 | +----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Lamprotula **
--+ |
| +-- Potomida **
| |
| +-- Pronodularia **
+--+
+-- Gonidea **
|
+-- Leguminaia **
|
+-- Microcondylaea **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 15 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | 43 | +-- Contradentini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 46 | +----------------- Anodontini
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini **
| +--+
--+ | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosulinae
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae **
|
| +----- Aculamprotula
| +--+
| | | +-- Tchangsinaia
| | +--+
+-----+ +-- Nodularia
|
| +----- Schistodesmus
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
+-- Acuticostini
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 44 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 41 | +----------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 46 | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Gonideini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 12 | 10 | 3 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 48 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 7 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 1 | 44 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 14 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 23 | 17 | 3 | 42 | 20 | 3 | 59 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 43 | 21 | 3 | 52 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 30 | 7 | 3 | 43 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 37 | 17 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 37 | 17 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 100 | 90 | 3 | 98 | 96 | 2 | 143 | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+-----+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 100 | 101 | 3 | 98 | 96 | 2 | 143 | +-------- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+-------- Unioninae
|
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 17 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 44 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 23 | 20 | 3 | 42 | 20 | 3 | 59 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Contradentini **
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 57 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 57 | 57 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 7 | 3 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 58 | +----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
--+ |
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Sinosolenaia **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 25 | 19 | 3 | 43 | 21 | 3 | 59 | +-------- Pseudodontini **
|
--+ +----- Parreysiinae
| |
| +----- Contradentini **
+--+
+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 30 | 28 | 2 | 59 | +-------------- Unioninae
--+
| +----------- Sinosolenaia **
+--+
| +-------- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Ptychorhynchus **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 1 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Obovalis **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 8 | 1 | 45 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Obovalis **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 54 | 54 | 1 | 42 | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 43 | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 18 | 13 | 2 | 43 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 49 | +-------------- Unioninae
|
--+ +----------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini **
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Margaritiferinae
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 43 | +----------- Anodontini
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Obovalis **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 43 | +-------------- Cristariina
|
--+ +----------- Alasmidontina
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis
| |
+--+ +-- Venustaconcha
| +--+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 6A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 40 | Shirai et al., 2010 [Publ 3353], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 43 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 3 | 41 | +----------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-- Parreysiinae
| +-----+
| | +-- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
| +-- Contradentini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 50.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 44 | +----------------- Sinanodonta
|
--+ +-------------- Cristaria
| |
+--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--------+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Aculamprotula
+--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Nodularia
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 15 | 14 | 2 | 44 | +----------- Cristariina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta
| |
| +-------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta
|
| +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Velesunioninae
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini **
|
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 42 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 43 | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 50.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-------- Gonidea **
+--+
| +----- Inversidens **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 11 | 2 | -- | +----------- Unioninae
|
--+ +-- Lampsilini
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 3 | -- | +----------------------- Lamprotulini **
|
--+ +-------------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +----------------- Parreysiinae
+--+ |
| | +-- Anemina
| +--------------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 43 | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
|
--+ +-- Lamprotulini **
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----------- Quadrulini
--+
| +-------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 3 | 47 | +-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Lamprotula **
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida **
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum
|
+-- Anodontini
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri
|
+-- Parreysiinae
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 22 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 46 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula **
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida **
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotula
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum
+--+
| +----- Anodontini
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 10 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 2 | -- | +-- Anodontina
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia
|
--+ +-- Gonideini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon
+--+
+-- Cristariina
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Chamberlainiini **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina
| |
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina
|
+-- Quadrulini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----------- Unioninae
--+
| +-------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 21 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 30 | 2 | 54 | +-------------- Quadrulina
|
| +----- Lamprotulini **
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Unioninae
|
| +-------- Megalonaias
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 15 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 34 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini **
Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unioninae
--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 12 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 7 | 3 | -- | Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
|
--+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 22 | 22 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 7 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 45 | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 7 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 23 | 23 | 3 | 54 | +-------------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Lamprotulini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini **
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
|
--+----- Ambleminae
|
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 13 | 2 | -- | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini **
Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 15 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 15 | 2 | -- | +-------- Gonideini **
|
| +-- Elliptio
| |
| +-- Fusconaia
| |
--+ +--+-- Amblemini
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema
| | |
| | +-- Unionini
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 17 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontina
|
| +-- Gonideini **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Unio
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | -- | +-- Chamberlainiini **
+--------------+
| +-- Lepidodesmini
--+
| +-------------- Aculamprotula
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +-------- Unio
+--+
| +----- Nodularia
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 2 | -- | +-------- Amblemini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
--+
+-------- Lampsilini
|
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +----- Sinanodonta
--+
| +-- Cristaria
+--+
+-- Chamberlainiini **
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
|
--+-- Unioninae
|
+-- Ambleminae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 14 | 1 | -- | +-- Lanceolariini
+-----+
| +-- Unionini
--+
| +----- Acuticostini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 17 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontina
|
| +-- Gonideini **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
| |
| +-- Utterbackia
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 34 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | -- Potomida_littoralis **
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 26 | 1 | -- | +-- Gonideini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 17 | 3 | -- | Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 12 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----------------------------- Gonideini **
|
--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
+--+ +-------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 62 | 62 | 1 | -- | +-- Pseudodontini **
--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----- Gonideini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 103 | 102 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 13 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 11 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lamprotulini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Lamprotulini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lamprotulini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
|
