MUSSELpdb | superfamily Hyrioidea Swainson, 1840 cladomics

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Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Bivalvia | Unionoida

superfamily HYRIOIDEA Swainson, 1840: cladomics
1 family

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 93 (129 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: family) = 1
analyzed in 100 cladograms in 52 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 19 (mean = 3.89, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 57
maximum number of included terminals = 19, (mean = 6.07 median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	78	77	3	--

  +----------------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                                    
--+  +-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae
  |  |                                                 
  +--+  +----------------------------- Etherioidea     
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +-------------------------- Parreysiinae    
        |  |                                           
        |  |  +----------------------- Unioninae       
        +--+  |                                        
           |  |              +-------- Rectidentini    
           |  |  +-----------+                         
           +--+  |           |  +----- Lens            
              |  |           +--+                      
              |  |              |  +-- Physunio        
              |  |              +--+                   
              +--+                 +-- unionoid        
                 |                                     
                 |  +----------------- Ambleminae      
                 |  |                                  
                 |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini 
                 +--+  +-----------+                   
                    |  |           +-- Lamprotulini    
                    |  |                               
                    +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia   
                       |  +--------+                   
                       |  |        +-- Pseudodontini   
                       +--+                            
                          |  +-------- Sinosolenaia    
                          +--+                         
                             |  +----- Gonidea         
                             +--+                      
                                |  +-- Microcondylaea  
                                +--+                   
                                   +-- Leguminaia

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
19	19	21	1	1	0	0	--

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
19	19	20	1	1	0	0	--

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	9	1	185	183	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	185	183	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	6	5	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Unionoidea 
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	183	181	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
10	10	7	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
10	10	8	1	4	4	1	--

     +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Unioninae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Ambleminae      
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	130	128	2	--

  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	130	128	2	--

                       +-- Chamberlainia   
  +--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                                        
  |                    +-- Etherioidea     
--+--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Hyriidae **        
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +----------------- Unioninae       
     |  |                                  
     +--+              +-- Contradentini   
        |  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Rectidentini    
        +--+                               
           |  +----------- Ambleminae      
           +--+                            
              |  +-------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Gonideini       
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Sinohyriopsis   
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Lamprotulini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	37	36	2	--

  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
  |                                  
  |           +----- Margaritiferidae
--+  +--------+                      
  |  |        |  +-- Hyriidae **        
  |  |        +--+                   
  +--+           +-- Etherioidea     
     |                               
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Contradentini   
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Unioninae       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Gonideini       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	38	37	2	--

  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                 +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------------+                         
  |  |              |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |              +--+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+                 +--+                   
     |                    +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria  
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Unioninae       
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Ambleminae      
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Pseudodontini

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	21	18	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	37	36	2	--

  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                       +-- Etheria         
  |                    +--+                   
--+                    |  +-- Mulleria        
  |  +-----------------+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mycetopodidae   
  |  |                 +--+                   
  +--+                    +-- Iridinidae      
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Pseudomulleria  
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Unioninae       
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Ambleminae

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	21	18	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	38	37	2	--

  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
8	8	9	1	1	1	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
7	7	5	1	1	1	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
7	7	6	1	0	0	0	--

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
6	6	5	1	5	5	1	--

  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Unionidae       
  |                   
  +-- Hyriidae **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	1	1	26	25	2	--

  +----------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Amblemini       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Eurynia         
--+  |                               
  |  +-------------- Fusconaia       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Gonideinae      
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Pleurobema      
  |  |                               
  +--+-------------- Quadrulini      
     |                               
     |  +----------- Ortmanniana     
     +--+                            
     |  |  +-------- Glebula         
     |  +--+                         
     |     |  +----- Potamilus       
     |     +--+                      
     |        |  +-- Ligumia         
     |        +--+                   
     |           +-- Toxolasma       
     |                               
     |  +----------- Cyrtonaias      
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unionini        
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodontini      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Hyriidae **        
              +--+                   
                 +-- Etherioidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	29	28	2	--

  +-------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                     
  |           +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |        +--+                      
  |  |           |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+           +--+                   
     |              +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                  
     |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Pseudomulleria  
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Anodontini      
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Gonideinae      
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Unionini        
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Margaritiferidae
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Ambleminae

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	2	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	0	0	0	--

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Klunzinger et al., 2022 [Publ 4259], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	0	0	0	--

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	32	31	2	--

  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	13	12	2	--

  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
  |     +-------- Unionini        
--+  +--+                         
  |  |  |  +----- Pleurobemini    
  |  |  +--+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini      
  +--+     +--+                   
     |        +-- Lampsilini      
     |                            
     |  +-------- Parreysiini     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Coelaturini     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Hyriidae **        
           +--+                   
              +-- Etherioidea

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	32	31	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	2	2	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	12	10	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	88	86	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	12	10	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	0	0	0	--

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	1	12	9	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	31	29	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	28	26	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	13	10	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	31	29	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	26	24	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	25	23	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	88	86	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	1	12	9	1	--

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	25	23	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	20	20	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	119	117	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	20	20	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	22	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	48	47	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	8	8	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	10	10	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	23	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	9	9	1	--

  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	13	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	8	8	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	40	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	45	45	2	--

  +-------- Unionidae       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	72	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	55	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	37	1	--

  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
--+  +----------- Unioninae       
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Lampsilini      
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Hyriidae **        
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Amblemini       
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pleurobemini    
           +--+                   
              +-- Quadrulini

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +----- Unionidae       
  |                      
--+----- Hyriidae **        
  |                      
  |  +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
     +-- Margaritiferidae

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	54	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	94	93	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	67	66	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	71	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	90	89	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	72	71	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	17	17	1	--

  +----------- Cristariina    
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
--+  +-------- Anodonta       
  |  |                        
  |  +-------- Unionini       
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Alasmidontina  
     +-----+                  
     |     +-- Pseudanodonta  
     |                        
     |  +----- Ambleminae     
     |  |                     
     +--+  +-- Hyriidae **       
        |  |                  
        +--+-- Lamprotulini   
           |                  
           +-- Chamberlainiini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	55	2	--

  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	10	10	1	--

  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	4	3	2	--

     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	36	36	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	16	16	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	29	28	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	4	3	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	7	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	87	87	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	30	1	--

  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Hyriidae **        
  |                   
  +-- Unionidae

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Elderkin et al., 2016 [Publ 3693], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	2	2	1	--

  +-- Etheriidae
  |             
--+-- Iridinidae
  |             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	90	89	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	29	28	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	94	93	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	23	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	7	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

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