The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Search the database pages:
Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily PARREYSIINAE Henderson, 1935: cladomics
5 tribes Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 108 (114 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 97 cladograms in 60 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
84 (mean = 12.6, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.53, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 63
maximum number of included terminals = 84, (mean =
18.86 median = 10)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.35, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.95 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 46
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 84 (mean = 19.83, median = 9.5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.76, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.96
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 84 | 86 | 91 | 5 | 548 | 483 | 3 | 0 | +-------------------------------- Lamellidens **
|
+-----+ +-- Balwantia **
| | +--------------------------+
| | | +-- Trapezidens **
| +--+
| | +-------------------------- Leoparreysiini **
| | |
| +--+ +----------------------- Pseudomulleria
| | |
| | | +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+ +-----------------+
| | | +-- Coelaturini **
| | |
| +--+ +-- Pseudoscabies **
| | +--------------+
| | | +-- Indonaia **
| +--+
| | +-------------- Indochinella **
| | |
| +--+ +----------- Radiatula **
--+ | |
| +--+ +-- Gonideinae
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Unionetta_fabagina__2 **
| +--+
| | +----- Harmandia **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionetta_fabagina__1 **
| +--+
| +-- Scabies **
|
| +----- Amuranodonta
| +-----------------------------+
| | | +-- Anemina
| | +--+
| | +-- Buldowskia
| |
| | +-- Beringiana
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Pletholophus
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | | +----- Mimo
| | +--+
| | | +-- Acudonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinanodonta
| |
| | +----------------------------- Cristaria
+--+ |
| | +----------------- Lepidodesmini
| | |
| | | +----------- Lanceolariini
| | | +--+
| | +--------+ | | +-------- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__2
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | | +----- Acuticosta_chinensis__2
+--+ | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Acuticosta_chinensis__1
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__1
| | |
| | | +----------- Globunio
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Aculamprotulina
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Middendorffinaiina
| +--+
| | +-- Unionina
| +--+
| +-- Oxynaiina
|
| +-------- Pseudodontoideus
| +--------------+
| | | +----- Lasmigona
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pterosyna
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Arcidens
|
| +-------------------- Anodontina
| |
| | +-------------- Utterbackia
| | +--+
+--+ | | +----------- Pyganodon_grandis
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Pyganodon_lacustris
| | +--+
| | | +----- Pyganodon_cataracta__2
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1
| +--+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +-------------- Utterbackiana
| |
+--+ +----------- Simpsonaias
| |
| | +-- Alasminota
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta
| |
+--+ +-- Prolasmidonta
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias
+--+
| +-- Anodontoides
+--+
+-- Strophitus
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 77 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Parreysia **
| |
+--+ +-- Leoparreysiini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Assamnaia **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 91 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
|
--+ +-- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 57 | 57 | 53 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 96 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 57 | 57 | 47 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 86 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 52 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 79 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 50 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 85 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 52 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 83 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 39 | 5 | 76 | 71 | 1 | 98 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 40 | 40 | 37 | 5 | 71 | 71 | 1 | 98 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 38 | 28 | 5 | 86 | 86 | 3 | 105 | +-------------- Pseudodontini
|
+-----------+ +----------- Rectidentini
| | |
| | | +-------- Unioninae
| +--+ |
| | | +----- Ambleminae
| | | |
| +--+ | +-- Chamberlainia
| | | |
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
| | | |
| | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| +--+ |
| | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia
| | |
| +--+-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi
--+ |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita
|
| +-------------- Trapezidens **
| |
| +--------+ +----------- Lamellidens_lamellatus **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus **
| | | |
| | | | +----- Lamellidens_generosus **
| | +--+ |
| | | +----- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Lamellidens_ferrugineus **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Lamellidens_marginalis **
| |
| | +-- Lamellidens_savadiensis **
| +--+
| +-- Lamellidens_corrianus__1 **
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Leoparreysiini **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Coelaturini **
| |
| | +----- Indochinella **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Scabies **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Radiatula **
|
| +-------- Indonaia_shurtleffiana **
| |
+--+ +----- Indonaia_rugosa **
| |
| | +-- Indonaia_andersoniana **
+--+--+
| +-- Indonaia_caerulea **
|
| +-- Indonaia_bonneaudii **
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus__2 **
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 22 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 95 | +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 97 | +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 30 | 5 | 166 | 127 | 3 | 100 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 30 | 5 | 164 | 125 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 25 | 5 | 166 | 127 | 3 | 95 | +-------- Parreysiini **
|
+-----+-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
--+ |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
| +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini
| |
| +----------- Gonideini
| |
+--+----------- Pseudodontini
|
+----------- Rectidentini
|
+----------- Unioninae
|
| +-------- Amblema
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----- Ellipsaria
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
+----- Truncilla
|
+----- Venustaconcha
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Leaunio
|
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 26 | 5 | 109 | 84 | 3 | 94 | +-- Parreysiini **
+-----+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 27 | 5 | 109 | 84 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 99 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 24 | 24 | 22 | 5 | 58 | 58 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +-------- Rectidentini
+--+ |
| | +----- Unioninae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lamprotula
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia
+--+ |
| +-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
+--+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 24 | 24 | 22 | 4 | 25 | 23 | 1 | 91 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 98 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-------- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | +----- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Parreysiini **
+--+
+-- Leoparreysiini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 10 | 1 | 68 | 68 | 1 | 105 | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 98 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 78 | 61 | 3 | 98 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 78 | 61 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | +-- Leoparreysiini **
--+
+-- Lamellidentini **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 39 | 37 | 1 | 100 | +----- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Rectidentini
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 20 | 10 | 1 | 98 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 12 | 1 | 17 | 13 | 1 | 100 | Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 47 | 40 | 3 | 99 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+-------------- Gonideinae
|
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 47 | 40 | 3 | 99 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Indochinellini **
| +--+
--+ +-- Coelaturini **
|
| +-- Pseudodontini
| +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101 | Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 93 | +-- Leoparreysiini **
--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Indochinellini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 32 | 22 | 3 | 101 | +----- Unioninae
+-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
| +--+
--+ +-- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 49 | 48 | 3 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
+-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
| +--+
--+ +-- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 40 | 38 | 3 | 102 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +----------- Rectidentini
| |
| +--+ +-- Schepmaniini
--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Pseudodontini
| | +--+
| | | +----- Caudiculatus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Potomida
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----- Unioninae
| +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Discomya
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 76 | 65 | 3 | 103 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| +----- Gonidea
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea
+--+
+-- Leguminaia
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 106 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Indochinellini **
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Leoparreysiini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 119 | 108 | 3 | 105 | +-- Coelaturini **
|
+--------------+-- Leoparreysiini **
| |
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 42 | 40 | 3 | 106 | +----------------------- Gonideinae
|
| +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+ |
| | +-- Anemina
| | +--------------+
| | | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+ |
| | +----- Parreysiini **
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Coelaturini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----- Pletholophus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 42 | 40 | 3 | 105 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+-- Indochinellini **
|
+-- Parreysiini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 105 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+-- Indochinellini **
|
+-- Parreysiini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 104 | +----- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Parreysiini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 112 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum
+--+
| +----- Anodontini
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 30 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Lamellidentini **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| +-- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| +-- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 113 | +-------- Unionini
+-----------+
| | +----- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini
--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +----------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Coelaturini **
| |
| | +-------- Castaliini
+--+ +--+
| | | +----- Rhipidodontini
| | +--+
| | | +-- Hyridellini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Velesunioninae
|
| +-------- Iridininae
| |
+--+ +----- Anodontitinae
| |
+--+----- Mycetopodinae
|
| +-- Etheria
+--+
+-- Mulleria
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | -- | -- Lamellidens_corrianus **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 23 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----------------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------------- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
+--+ +-------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Aculamprotulina
|
+-- Lamprotula
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum
|
+-- Anodontini
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri
|
+-- Lamellidentini **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 44 | 3 | -- | +-------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 24 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 23 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 50 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | -- | +----- Rectidentini
--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | -- | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 85 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 140 | 113 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 84 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 1 | -- | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 24 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +----- Coelaturini **
| |
| +----- Rectidentini
+--+
+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +-------- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 91 | 85 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +-------------------------------- Lamellidentini **
|
--+ +----------------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 15 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 34 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 95 | 84 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 44 | 3 | -- | +-------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 44 | 3 | -- | +-------------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 23 | 2 | -- | +----- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
|
