The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily PARREYSIINAE Henderson, 1935: cladomics
5 tribes Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 109 (115 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 98 cladograms in 61 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
85 (mean = 12.72, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.55, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 64
maximum number of included terminals = 85, (mean =
18.95 median = 10.5)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.38, median = 3.5)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.94 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 47
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 85 (mean = 19.94, median = 10)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.79, median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.94
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 85 | 86 | 91 | 5 | 547 | 482 | 3 | 0 | +-------------------- Unioninae
|
--+ +----------------- Lamellidens **
| |
+--+ +-- Balwantia **
| +-----------+
| | +-- Trapezidens **
+--+
| +----------- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-------- Pseudomulleria
+--+
| +----- Indochinellini **
+--+
| +-- Parreysiini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 89 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
|
--+ +-- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2024 [Publ 4369], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 75 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Parreysia **
| |
+--+ +-- Leoparreysiini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Assamnaia **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 57 | 57 | 47 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 84 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4252], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 57 | 57 | 53 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 94 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 50 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 83 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 52 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 77 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4239], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 54 | 54 | 52 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 81 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 39 | 5 | 76 | 71 | 1 | 96 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 40 | 40 | 37 | 5 | 71 | 71 | 1 | 96 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
+--+ +-- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 38 | 28 | 5 | 87 | 87 | 3 | 105 | +-------------- Pseudodontini
|
+-----------+ +----------- Rectidentini
| | |
| | | +-------- Unioninae
| +--+ |
| | | +----- Ambleminae
| | | |
| +--+ | +-- Chamberlainia
| | | |
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
| | | |
| | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| +--+ |
| | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia
| | |
| +--+-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi
--+ |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita
|
| +-------------- Trapezidens **
| |
| +--------+ +----------- Lamellidens_lamellatus **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------- Lamellidens_jenkinsianus **
| | | |
| | | | +----- Lamellidens_generosus **
| | +--+ |
| | | +----- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Lamellidens_ferrugineus **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Lamellidens_marginalis **
| |
| | +-- Lamellidens_savadiensis **
| +--+
| +-- Lamellidens_corrianus__1 **
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Leoparreysiini **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Coelaturini **
| |
| | +----- Indochinella **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Scabies **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Radiatula **
|
| +-------- Indonaia_shurtleffiana **
| |
+--+ +----- Indonaia_rugosa **
| |
| | +-- Indonaia_andersoniana **
+--+--+
| +-- Indonaia_caerulea **
|
| +-- Indonaia_bonneaudii **
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus__2 **
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 22 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 95 | +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Ortiz-Sepulveda et al., 2020 [Publ 4101], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 97 | +----- Leoparreysiini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 30 | 5 | 165 | 126 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 30 | 5 | 167 | 128 | 3 | 100 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 25 | 5 | 167 | 128 | 3 | 95 | +-------- Parreysiini **
|
+-----+-------- Lamellidentini **
| |
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
--+ |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
| +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini
| |
| +----------- Gonideini
| |
+--+----------- Pseudodontini
|
+----------- Rectidentini
|
+----------- Unioninae
|
| +-------- Amblema
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----- Ellipsaria
| |
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
+----- Truncilla
|
+----- Venustaconcha
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Leaunio
|
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 27 | 5 | 110 | 85 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
--+ | +-- Coelaturini **
| +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 26 | 5 | 110 | 85 | 3 | 94 | +-- Parreysiini **
+-----+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 97 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-------- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 24 | 24 | 22 | 5 | 58 | 58 | 3 | 95 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| | +-------- Parreysiini **
| +--+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +-------- Rectidentini
+--+ |
| | +----- Unioninae
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lamprotula
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
| | |
| | +-- Pronodularia
+--+ |
| +-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
+--+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 24 | 24 | 22 | 4 | 25 | 23 | 1 | 91 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4833], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 24 | 25 | 24 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 100 | +-------------------------------- Lamellidens **
|
--+ +----------------------------- Trapezidens **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Leoparreysiini **
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+ +-- Indochinella **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Indonaia **
+--+
| +-------------- Radiatula **
| |
+--+ +----------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-------- Harmandia **
| |
+--+ +-- Unionetta_xishuangbannaensis **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionetta_fabagina__2 **
+--+
| +-- Unionetta_fabagina__1 **
+--+
+-- Scabies **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3922], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 96 | +----------- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-------- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | +----- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Parreysiini **
+--+
+-- Leoparreysiini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 10 | 1 | 68 | 68 | 1 | 103 | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 78 | 61 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 4 | 78 | 61 | 3 | 98 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 98 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 39 | 37 | 1 | 100 | +----- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Rectidentini
Konopleva et al., 2020 [Publ 4072], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | +-- Leoparreysiini **
--+
+-- Lamellidentini **
Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 12 | 1 | 17 | 13 | 1 | 100 | Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 4 | 20 | 10 | 1 | 98 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 47 | 40 | 3 | 99 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+-------------- Gonideinae
|
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 47 | 40 | 3 | 99 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 93 | +-- Leoparreysiini **
--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Indochinellini **
| +--+
--+ +-- Coelaturini **
|
| +-- Pseudodontini
| +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 101 | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 4 | 27 | 15 | 3 | 100 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Indochinellini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 4 | 32 | 22 | 3 | 101 | +----- Unioninae
+-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
| +--+
--+ +-- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 49 | 48 | 3 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
+-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
| +--+
--+ +-- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 102 | Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 40 | 38 | 3 | 102 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +----------- Rectidentini
| |
| +--+ +-- Schepmaniini
--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Pseudodontini
| | +--+
| | | +----- Caudiculatus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Potomida
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----- Unioninae
| +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Discomya
|
| +-------- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +----- Leoparreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Coelaturini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 77 | 66 | 3 | 103 | +-------- Lamellidentini **
+-----------------+
| | +----- Leoparreysiini **
| +--+
| | +-- Coelaturini **
--+ +--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| +----- Gonidea
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea
+--+
+-- Leguminaia
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 119 | 108 | 3 | 105 | +-- Coelaturini **
|
+--------------+-- Leoparreysiini **
| |
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +----------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 106 | +-------- Unioninae
--+
| +----- Indochinellini **
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Leoparreysiini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 41 | 39 | 3 | 105 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+-- Indochinellini **
|
+-- Parreysiini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 105 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+-- Indochinellini **
|
+-- Parreysiini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Imsong & Murali, 2023 [Publ 4370], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 104 | +----- Lamellidentini **
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Parreysiini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 38 | 36 | 3 | 106 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unioninae
+--+
| +----- Parreysiini **
+--+
| +-- Coelaturini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 17 | 1 | 104 | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 41 | 39 | 3 | 106 | +----------------------- Gonideinae
|
| +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+ |
| | +-- Anemina
| | +--------------+
| | | +-- Amuranodonta
+--+ |
| | +----- Parreysiini **
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Coelaturini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Indochinellini **
|
| +----- Pletholophus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini
+--+
+-- Unionini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 11 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 113 | +-------- Unionini
+-----------+
| | +----- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini
--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +----------------- Parreysiini **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Coelaturini **
| |
| | +-------- Castaliini
+--+ +--+
| | | +----- Rhipidodontini
| | +--+
| | | +-- Hyridellini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Velesunioninae
|
| +-------- Iridininae
| |
+--+ +----- Anodontitinae
| |
+--+----- Mycetopodinae
|
| +-- Etheria
+--+
+-- Mulleria
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 30 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Lamellidentini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 1 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | 110 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi **
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotulina
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum
+--+
| +----- Anodontini
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus **
Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| +-- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 27 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+-----+
| +-- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 2 | -- | +----- Parreysiini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 1 | -- | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 24 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +----- Coelaturini **
| |
| +----- Rectidentini
+--+
+----- Unioninae
|
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 23 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Aculamprotulina
|
+-- Lamprotula
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum
|
+-- Anodontini
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri
|
+-- Lamellidentini **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 23 | 2 | -- | +----- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Unioninae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +-------- Coelaturini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 84 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 34 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | -- | -- Lamellidens_corrianus **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 45 | 3 | -- | +-------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 139 | 112 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 84 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 38 | 36 | 3 | -- | +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 83 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 45 | 3 | -- | +-------------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +-------------------------------- Lamellidentini **
|
--+ +----------------------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 68 | 45 | 3 | -- | +-------- Indochinellini **
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 83 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | +----------------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------------- Coelaturini **
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
+--+ +-------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----------+
| +-- Unioninae
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 17 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 24 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 23 | 3 | -- | -- Coelatura_aegyptiaca **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | -- | +----- Rectidentini
--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | -- | +-- Indochinellini **
--+
+-- Unioninae
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 15 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Indochinellini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 5 | 3 | -- | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Indochinellini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 50 | 3 | -- | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lamellidentini **
+--+
+-- Unioninae
|
