The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae tribe QUADRULINI Ihering, 1901: cladomics
5 genera, 1 subtribe Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 27 (47 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: subtribe) = 6
analyzed in 191 cladograms in 115 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
22 (mean = 2.61, median = 1)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 1.36, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 86
maximum number of included terminals = 22, (mean =
4.58 median = 2)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 1.8, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.83 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 49
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (subtribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 22 (mean = 5.82, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) =
3 (mean = 2.35, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.76
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Neemuchwala et al., 2023 [Publ 4292], fig. 2 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 0 | +----- Megalonaias **
+-----+
| | +-- Uniomerus **
| +--+
--+ +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Popenaiadini
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 91 | 79 | 4 | 20 | +----- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| | +-- Megalonaias **
| +--+
--+ +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus
| +-----+
| | +-- Reginaia
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Amblema
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 25 | 23 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 27 | +----------- Megalonaias **
|
--+ +-- Uniomerus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Amblemini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 15 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 23 | +-------------- Amblemini
--+
| +----------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Megalonaias **
+--+
+-- Uniomerus **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 3 | 22 | +----- Amblemini
+--+
| | +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
--+ +-- Lampsilini
|
| +----- Megalonaias **
+--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | +----- Megalonaias **
|
--+----- Theliderma **
|
| +-- Quadrula **
+--+
+-- Pustulosa **
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 15 | 15 | 3 | 22 | +-------------------------- Lampsilis
|
--+ +----------------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +----- Medionidus
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Dromus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----------------- Obliquaria
| |
+--+ +-------------- Amblema
| |
| | +----- Reginaia
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Elliptoideus
| | +--+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-- Megalonaias **
| +-----+
| | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Serb et al., 2003 [Publ 2659], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 15 | 15 | 3 | 17 | +----------- Lampsilis
|
| +-------- Obliquaria
| |
| +-------- Amblema
| |
--+ +-------- Reginaia
| |
| +-------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Elliptoideus
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-- Megalonaias **
+-----+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----- Medionidus
+--+
| | +-- Dromus
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
| +-- Elliptio
+--+
+-- Fusconaia
Johnson et al., 2018 [Publ 3844], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 20 | +----------- Amblemini
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Megalonaias **
+--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 62 | 62 | 4 | 22 | +-- Uniomerus **
+--------------------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Amblema
+--+ +--------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Popenaiadini
| |
| | +-- Glebula
+--+ +--------------------+
| | +-- Paetulunio
| |
+--+ +-- Toxolasma
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus
| |
+--+ +----------------- Obliquaria
| |
| | +----- Potamilus
+--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Dromus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lemiox
|
| +----------- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilis_virescens
| |
+--+ +-- Epioblasma
| +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
+--+
| +-- Obovaria_olivaria
+--+
+-- Venustaconcha
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 62 | 62 | 4 | 21 | +-- Uniomerus **
+-----------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus
| +-----+
| | +-- Reginaia
+--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Amblema
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 91 | 79 | 4 | 20 | +----- Megalonaias **
+--------------------+
| | +-- Uniomerus **
| +--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +----- Popenaiadini
| | +--------------+
| | | | +-- Amblema
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Reginaia
| |
| | +-- Plectomerus
| | +--------------+
+--+ | +-- Toxolasma
| |
| | +----- Obliquaria
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Cyrtonaias
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Glebula
| | |
+--+ | +----------- Sagittunio
| | |
| | +----------- Leaunio
| | |
| | +----------- Potamilus
| | |
| | +----------- Hamiota
| | |
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_teres
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| |
| | +----- Villosa
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ligumia
| | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| |
+--+ +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
+--+
| | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +-------- Obovaria_olivaria
| |
| +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
+--+
| +-------- Epioblasma
| |
| | +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
|
| +-- Ptychobranchus
| +-----+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| |
+--+ +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| |
| | +-- Lemiox
+--+--+
| +-- Medionidus_acutissimus
|
| +-- Dromus
+--+
+-- Cyprogenia
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 28 | 22 | 3 | 23 | +----------- Reginaia
|
--+ +-- Amblema
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilini
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Megalonaias **
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 23 | Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 29 | 25 | 2 | 31 | 22 | 3 | 41 | +-------------------------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----------------------------- Megalonaias **
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Toxolasma
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Amblema
| |
| | +-------------------- Pleurobemini
+--+ |
| | +-- Reginaia
| +-----------------+
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
|
| +----------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +----------- Lampsilis_cardium
| |
| | +----- Ligumia
| +-----+
+--+ | +-- Obovaria
| +--+
| +-- Epioblasma
|
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_higginsii
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 97 | 75 | 4 | 19 | +-------- Reginaia
|
+-------- Amblema
|
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| | +-- Uniomerus **
| +--+
--+ +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----- Popenaiadini
| |
| | +-- Dromus
| | |
| | +-- Epioblasma
| | |
+--+ +-- Glebula
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_virescens
| |
| +-- Lemiox
+--+
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Obovaria_olivaria
|
+-- Obovaria_unicolor
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Potamilus_alatus
|
+-- Potamilus_capax
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 36 | 36 | 4 | 21 | +-- Uniomerus **
+-----------------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +-------------- Elliptoideus
| +--------------+
| | | +----------- Plectomerus
--+ | +--+
| | | +-------- Obovaria_unicolor
| | +--+
| | | +----- Obovaria_olivaria
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lemiox
|
| +-------- Cyrtonaias
| +-----------------+
| | | +----- Reginaia
| | +--+
| | | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Amblema
|
| +----------------------- Elliptio
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| | +----------------- Parvaspina
+--+ |
| | +-- Hemistena
| +--------------+
+--+ +-- Plethobasus
|
| +-------------- Pleuronaia
| |
| | +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Fusconaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_stabile
| +-----+
| | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobema_decisum
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 36 | 36 | 4 | 22 | +----------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +-------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-------- Plectomerus
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
+--+-----+
| +-- Reginaia
|
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 36 | 36 | 4 | 22 | +-------------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-- Reginaia
| +-----------+
| | +-- Amblema
+--+
| +----------- Popenaiadini
| |
+--+ +-------- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+-------- Plectomerus
|
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3308], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 36 | 36 | 4 | 22 | +-------------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----------------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Popenaiadini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-- Cyrtonaias
| +--------+
| | +-- Reginaia
+--+
| +-------- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----- Lemiox
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis
+--+
+-- Obovaria
Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 32 | 31 | 3 | 22 | +----------------------------- Amblemini
|
--+ +-------------------------- Lampsilini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Elliptoideus
| |
| | +-- Uniomerus **
+--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Quadrulina **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Elliptio
| |
| | +-------------- Parvaspina
+--+ |
| +-------------- Plethobasus
| |
| | +-- Hemistena
+--+-----------+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +----------- Fusconaia
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_riddellii
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
+--+ +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_strodeanum
|
+-- Pleurobema_clava
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 3 | 30 | 29 | 4 | 19 | +----- Megalonaias **
+-----------------------------+
| | +-- Uniomerus **
| +--+
--+ +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Amblemini
| |
| | +-- Popenaias
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
| |
+--+ +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Glebula
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Truncilla
+--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------------- Pachynaias
| |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Sphenonaias
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Epioblasma
+--+
+-- Ligumia
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 10 | 0 | 3 | 15 | 7 | 3 | 26 | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+
+-- Megalonaias **
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 7 | 3 | 33 | +-- Gonideini
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias **
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotula
|
+-- Unio
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 126 | 71 | 3 | 195 | 21 | 3 | 143 | +----------- Chamberlainia
|
+----------- Megalonaias **
|
+----------- Uniomerus **
|
+----------- Quadrulina **
|
+----------- Sinohyriopsis
|
+----------- Lamprotulini
|
+----------- Gonideini
|
+----------- Pseudodontini
|
| +-- Rectidentini
+--------+
| +-- Contradentini
|
| +-------- Amblema
| |
| +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +-----+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| | +----- Ellipsaria
| | |
| | +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| | |
| | +----- Medionidus
| | |
| | +----- Potamilus_alatus
--+ | |
| | +----- Ptychobranchus
| +--+
| +----- Truncilla
| |
| +----- Venustaconcha
| |
| +----- Cambarunio
| |
| +----- Leaunio
| |
| | +-- Ortmanniana
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis
|
| +-------- Acuticostini
| |
| +-------- Alasmidonta
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_anatina
| |
| +-------- Anemina
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_cygnea
| |
| +-------- Cristaria
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana
| |
| +-------- Lasmigona
| |
| +-------- Lepidodesmini
| |
| +-------- Pseudanodonta
| |
| +-------- Pyganodon
| |
+--+-------- Simpsonaias
|
+-------- Strophitus
|
+-------- Schistodesmus
|
+-------- Utterbackia
|
+-------- Lanceolariini
|
+-------- Unio
|
+-------- Aculamprotula
|
| +-- Pletholophus
+-----+
| +-- Sinanodonta
|
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
| |
| +----- Tchangsinaia
| |
+--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens
|
+----- Nodularia
|
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 195 | 21 | 3 | 20 | +----- Quadrulina **
+--------------------+
| | +-- Megalonaias **
| +--+
--+ +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +----------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Amblema
| |
| | +----- Toxolasma
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Obliquaria
| | +--+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
| | +----------- Potamilus_alatus
+--+ |
| | +-------- Venustaconcha
| | |
+--+ +-------- Leaunio
| |
| | +-- Ellipsaria
| +-----+
+--+ +-- Truncilla
|
| +-- Medionidus
+-----+
| +-- Ptychobranchus
|
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 14 | 3 | 23 | 14 | 3 | 34 | +-- Megalonaias **
+-----------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
--+ |
| +-----------------+ +-- Eurynia
| | | |
| | +--+-- Pleurobema
| | |
+--+ +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +-------------------- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-- Plectomerus
| +--------------+
| | +-- Obliquaria
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis
| |
+--+ +----------- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------- Medionidus
| |
+--+ +----- Potamilus_purpuratus
| |
+--+----- Lampsilis
|
| +-- Ellipsaria
+--+
+-- Villosa
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 17 | 0 | 3 | 18 | 8 | 3 | 33 | +-- Gonideini
|
+-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
+-- Utterbackia
|
+-- Pyganodon_cataracta
|
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
|
+-- Lampsilis_teres
|
+-- Megalonaias **
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
--+-- Theliderma **
|
+-- Quadrula **
|
+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 193 | 21 | 3 | 20 | +----- Quadrulina **
+-----------------------------+
| | +-- Megalonaias **
| +--+
--+ +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +-------------------------------- Pleurobemini
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Toxolasma
| |
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-------------------- Potamilus_leptodon
| |
+--+ +----------------- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| | +-- Medionidus
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-- Ellipsaria
| +--------+
| | +-- Truncilla
+--+
| +-------- Leaunio
| |
+--+ +-- Venustaconcha
| +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 32 | 31 | 2 | 33 | 14 | 3 | 49 | +-------------- Quadrulina **
|
| +----- Lamprotulini
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini
|
| +-------- Megalonaias **
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 21 | 20 | 3 | 29 | 17 | 3 | 38 | +-- Megalonaias **
+-----------------------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----------- Elliptoideus
| +-----------+
--+ | | +-------- Pleurobema
| | +--+
| | | +----- Uniomerus **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Fusconaia
+--+ +--+
| +-- Eurynia
|
| +-------------------- Amblema
| |
| | +----- Toxolasma
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +-- Plectomerus
| | +--+
| | +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+ +----- Ptychobranchus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Potamilus_fragilis
| | +--+
| | +-- Medionidus
+--+
| +-- Villosa
| +--------+
| | +-- Ellipsaria
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Potamilus_purpuratus
+--+
+-- Potamilus_alatus
Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3835], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | +----- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
+--+
+-- Megalonaias **
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 24 | 14 | 3 | 34 | +-- Megalonaias **
+-----------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----- Amblema
| +-----+
| | | +-- Plectomerus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-------- Elliptoideus
+--+
| +----- Uniomerus **
+--+
| +-- Eurynia
+--+
+-- Pleurobema
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 35 | 14 | 3 | 19 | +----- Pleurobemini
--+
| +-- Megalonaias **
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 19 | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 20 | +-------- Lampsilini
--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 19 | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 20 | +-------- Amblemini
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 51 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 4 | -- | +-------------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-------- Amblema
+--+
| +----- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 7 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-- Amblema
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 74 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 18 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Uniomerus **
+-----+
| +-- Megalonaias **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 71 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Uniomerus **
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 55 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 54 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 52 | 8 | 3 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+-----+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 93 | 15 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 11 | 3 | -- | +-- Obliquaria
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +-------- Amblemini
| |
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Truncilla
| |
| +----- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
| |
| +-- Cambarunio
+--+
+-- Ligumia
|
+-- Epioblasma
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 12 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblemini
+-----------+
| | +----- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Obliquaria
--+ +--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----------------- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------------- Truncilla
+--+
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Epioblasma
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 71 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Uniomerus **
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 89 | 15 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 123 | 7 | 3 | 27 | +-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
--+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Eurynia
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrula_quadrula **
|
+-- Quadrula_verrucosa **
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 4 | -- | +-- Popenaiadini
+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 4 | -- | +-- Popenaiadini
+-----+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 74 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 39 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 71 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Uniomerus **
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 11 | 2 | -- | +----- Pleurobemini
+--------------+
| | +-- Obliquaria
| +--+
--+ +-- Quadrulina **
|
| +----------------- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------------- Truncilla
+--+
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Epioblasma
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 55 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+-----+
| +-- Uniomerus **
|
--+ +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 78 | 7 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 17 | 12 | 4 | -- | +-- Uniomerus **
+--------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Freeman et al., 2025 [Publ 4443], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 4 | -- | +----- Amblemini
+--+
| | +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----- Obliquaria
| |
| +----- None
+--+
+----- Popenaiadini
|
| +-- Glebula
+--+
+-- Cyrtonaias
Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 17 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 38 | 3 | -- | +----------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Reginaia
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblema
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 18 | 4 | -- | +-------------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-------- Amblema
+--+
| +----- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 7 | 2 | -- | +----------------- Glebula
|
--+ +-- Amblema
| +-----------+
| | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +----------- Plectomerus
+--+
| +-------- Leaunio
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
+-- Potamilus
Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 13 | 13 | 4 | -- | +-------------- Toxolasma
+--+
| | +----------- Popenaiadini
| +--+
| | +-------- Amblemini
| +--+
| | +----- Pleurobemini
--+ +--+
| | +-- Quadrulina **
| +--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +----------- Potamilus
| |
+-----+ +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Venustaconcha
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 15 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 3 | 33 | +-------- Quadrula_quadrula **
|
--+-------- Quadrula_verrucosa **
|
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 86 | 14 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 50 | 10 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 12 | 3 | 32 | +----------- Megalonaias **
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
| +--+
--+ | | +-- Uniomerus **
| | +--+
| | +-- Pleurobema
| |
| | +----- Potamilus_fragilis
+--+ |
| +----- Medionidus
| |
| +----- Amblema
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
+--+--+
| +-- Plectomerus
|
| +-- Villosa
| |
| +-- Ellipsaria
| |
+--+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Potamilus_purpuratus
|
+-- Ptychobranchus
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 12 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 32 | 12 | 3 | 32 | +----------------------------- Megalonaias **
|
| +----- Elliptoideus
--+ +--------------------+
| | | +-- Uniomerus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Pleurobema
|
| +----------------------- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-- Obliquaria
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Plectomerus
+--+
| +----------------- Medionidus
+--+
| +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis
+--+
| +----------- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------- Potamilus_purpuratus
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis
+--+
| +-- Villosa
+--+
+-- Ellipsaria
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 89 | 15 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 11 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 3 | 29 | +-------- Quadrula **
|
--+-------- Pustulosa **
|
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 11 | 3 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 93 | 15 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 51 | 9 | 2 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Uniomerus **
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 31 | 31 | 4 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+-----------------------+
| +-- Uniomerus **
|
| +----------------------- Plectomerus
--+ |
| | +-------------------- Popenaiadini
| | |
| | +-------------------- Pleurobemini
+--+ |
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| | +--+
| | | +-- Glebula
| +--------------+
| | | +-- Reginaia
+--+ +--+
| +-- Obliquaria
|
| +----------------- Toxolasma
| |
| | +-------------- Potamilus
| | |
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
| | +-----------+
+--+ | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Medionidus
| +--------+
| | | +-- Lemiox
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Dromus
|
| +----------- Cambarunio
| |
| +----------- Leaunio
| |
| +----------- Villosa
| |
| | +-- Sagittunio
| +--------+
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +----- Venustaconcha
+-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria
|
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 44 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Perkins et al., 2017 [Publ 3777], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 23 | 23 | 2 | -- | +-- Amblemini
|
--+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 52 | 8 | 3 | -- | Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 2 | -- | +-- Amblemini
|
--+-- Quadrulina **
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +----------------------------------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +-------------------------------------- Reginaia
| |
+--+ +----------------------------------- Amblema
| |
+--+ +-- Popenaias
| +-----------------------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
+--+
| +----------------------------- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Ligumia
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Potamilus
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pachynaias
| |
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Ortmanniana
| +--------+
| | +-- Lampsilis
+--+
| +-------- Cambarunio
+--+
| +----- Sphenonaias_microdon__2
+--+
| +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+
+-- Sphenonaias_microdon__1
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +----------- Uniomerus **
|
+----------- Amblemini
|
| +-- Elliptio_arctata
| +-----+
| | +-- Elliptio_crassidens
| |
| | +----- Pleurobema_decisum
--+ | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_rubellum
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_stabile
| | |
| | +----- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| | |
+--+ +----- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
| |
| +----- Pleuronaia
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_georgianum__3
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_cordatum
| |
| +----- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
| +----- Hemistena
+--+
+----- Fusconaia_flava
|
+----- Fusconaia_cerina
|
+----- Eurynia
|
+----- Elliptio_arca
|
+----- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Plethobasus
+--+
| +-- Parvaspina
|
| +-- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
| |
| +-- Pleurobema_clava
|
| +-- Pleurobema_athearni
| |
+--+-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
|
+-- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4129], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 27 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Smith et al., 2020 [Publ 4136], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 19 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 3 | 3 | -- | Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 40 | 3 | -- | +-------------------------------------- Quadrulina **
|
| +-- Amblema
--+ +--------------------------------+
| | +-- Reginaia
| |
+--+ +-------------------------------- Plectomerus
| |
| | +----------------------------- Toxolasma
+--+ |
| | +----- Popenaiadini
| | +--------------------+
+--+ | | +-- Glebula
| | +--+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Obliquaria
| |
| | +-- Medionidus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lemiox
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +-- Cyprogenia
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| |
+--+ +-------- Potamilus
| +--------+
| | | +----- Atlanticoncha
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ellipsaria
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Truncilla
|
| +-- Hamiota
| +-----------+
| | +-- Villosa
| |
+--+ +----------- Ligumia
| |
| | +----- Venustaconcha
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Obovaria
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Epioblasma
|
| +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina
+--+
+-- Lampsilis
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 28 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | -- | Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 11 | 4 | -- | +----------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Popenaiadini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 14 | 3 | -- | +-- Pleurobemini
+-----------+
| +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +-- Paetulunio
| +--------+
| | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
| |
+--+ +----- Leaunio
| |
+--+----- Obovaria
|
| +-- Villosa
+--+
+-- Cambarunio
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- | +----- Quadrulina **
|
--+----- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0 | -- | Campbell et al., 2008 [Publ 2675], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 24 | 3 | -- | +----------------------- Uniomerus **
|
+----------------------- Amblemini
|
| +-------------------- Lampsilini
| |
| +-------------------- Eurynia
| |
| +-------------------- Fusconaia_cerina
--+ |
| +-------------------- Fusconaia_flava
| |
| +-------------------- Hemistena
| |
| +-------------------- Plethobasus
| |
| +-------------------- Parvaspina
| |
+--+-------------------- Pleurobema_cordatum
|
+-------------------- Pleuronaia
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__2
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema_stabile
|
+-------------------- Elliptio
|
| +----------------- Pleurobema_decisum
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_sintoxia
| |
| +----------------- Pleurobema_clava
+--+
+----------------- Pleurobema_oviforme__1
|
| +-------------- Pleurobema_beadleianum
| |
+--+ +----------- Pleurobema_pyriforme
| |
+--+ +-------- Pleurobema_rubellum
| |
| +-------- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__2
+--+
+-------- Pleurobema_georgianum__2
|
| +----- Pleurobema_hanleyianum__1
+--+
| +-- Pleurobema_georgianum__1
+--+
+-- Pleurobema_athearni
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblemini
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 25 | 25 | 3 | -- | +-------------------------- Quadrulina **
|
--+ +----------------------- Reginaia
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Amblema
| |
| | +-- Popenaias
+--+ +--------------+
| | +-- Psoronaias
| |
+--+ +-- Glebula
| +-----------+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias_tampicoensis
| |
+--+ +----------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Ortmanniana
+--+ |
| +----- Epioblasma
| |
| +----- Lampsilis
| |
+--+----- Ligumia
|
+----- Cambarunio
|
+----- Pachynaias
|
| +-- Cyrtonaias_explicata
+--+
+-- Sphenonaias
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 82 | 6 | 3 | -- | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
|
--+-- Pleurobemini
|
+-- Lampsilini
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 1 | -- | Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Pleurobemini
--+
| +----- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Toxolasma
|
+-------- Amblemini
|
| +-- Glebula
+-----+
--+ +-- Cyrtonaias
|
| +-- Quadrulina **
+-----+
| +-- Pleurobemini
|
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
+--+
+-- Ligumia
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 16 | 3 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 31 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 39 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Megalonaias **
--+
+-- Amblemini
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Kandl et al., 2001 [Publ 3384], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Elliptio
|
--+-- Uniomerus **
|
+-- Pleurobema
Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 11 | 3 | -- | Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblemini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 120 | 3 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
|
+-- Pleurobemini
--+
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Quadrulina **
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-------- Amblemini
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Quadrulina **
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Quadrulina **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 3 | 2 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 47 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Amblemini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Mejia-Trujillo & Smith, 2022 [Publ 4274], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 16 | 3 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 5 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulina **
--+
+-- Lampsilini
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 6 | 3 | -- | +-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
--+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulina **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Lampsilini
--+
+-- Quadrulina **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 10 | 3 | -- | +-- Glebula
+--------+
| +-- Cyrtonaias
|
--+ +-------- Toxolasma
| |
| | +----- Potamilus
| +--+
+--+ | +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| +-- Ortmanniana
|
| +----- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulina **
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
|
