The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
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Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae subfamily UNIONINAE Rafinesque, 1820: cladomics
5 tribes Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 226 (277 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: tribe) = 5
analyzed in 422 cladograms in 235 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
156 (mean = 12.16, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.07, median = 2) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 375
maximum number of included terminals = 156, (mean =
13.56 median = 8)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 2.2, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 0.93 Rigorous Monophylynumber of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 178
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing
more than one subtaxon (tribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 156 (mean = 18.12, median = 13)
maximum number of subtaxa (tribe) =
5 (mean = 3.19, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.88
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 156 | 156 | 164 | 5 | 476 | 411 | 3 | 0 | +----- Amuranodonta **
+-----------------------------+
| | +-- Anemina **
| +--+
| +-- Buldowskia **
|
| +-- Beringiana **
| +-----+
--+ | +-- Pletholophus **
| +-----------------------+
| | | +----- Mimo **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Acudonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Cristaria **
| |
| | +----------------- Lepidodesmini **
| | |
| | | +----------- Lanceolariini **
| | | +--+
| | +--------+ | | +-------- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__2 **
| | | | | +--+
+--+ | | | | +----- Acuticosta_chinensis__2 **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ | +-- Acuticosta_chinensis__1 **
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Pseudoacuticosta_retiaria__1 **
| | |
| | | +----------- Globunio **
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Aculamprotulina **
+--+ +--+
| | +----- Middendorffinaiina **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionina **
| +--+
| +-- Oxynaiina **
|
| +-------- Pseudodontoideus **
| +--------------+
| | | +----- Lasmigona **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Pterosyna **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Arcidens **
|
| +-------------------- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +-- Utterbackia **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
| +-------------- Utterbackiana **
| |
+--+ +----------- Simpsonaias **
| |
| | +-- Alasminota **
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| |
+--+ +-- Prolasmidonta **
| +--+
| | +-- Platynaias **
+--+
| +-- Anodontoides **
+--+
+-- Strophitus **
Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 71 | 71 | 69 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 152 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 71 | 71 | 59 | 5 | 51 | 40 | 3 | 143 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----- Acuticostini **
| |
--+ +----- Lepidodesmini **
| +--------+
| | +----- Unionini **
| | |
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +----------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 68 | 68 | 66 | 5 | 72 | 45 | 3 | 157 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 65 | 65 | 63 | 5 | 30 | 28 | 1 | 153 | +-------------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 6B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 63 | 63 | 62 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 152 | +-------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 62 | 62 | 60 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 151 | +-------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 51 | 51 | 49 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 157 | +-------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 50 | 50 | 48 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 158 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 48 | 48 | 25 | 5 | 153 | 114 | 3 | 153 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Chamberlainia
| |
| +----------- Megalonaias
| |
| +----------- Uniomerus
| |
| +----------- Quadrulina
| |
| +----------- Sinohyriopsis
| |
| +----------- Lamprotulini
| |
| +----------- Gonideini
| |
| +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
| +----------- Rectidentini
--+ |
| | +-------- Amblema
| | |
| | +-------- Toxolasma
| | |
| | +-------- Pleurobemini
| | |
| | | +-- Obliquaria
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Plectomerus
| +--+
| | | +----- Ellipsaria
| | | |
| | | +----- Potamilus_leptodon
| | | |
| | | +----- Medionidus
| | | |
| | | +----- Potamilus_alatus
| | | |
+--+ | +----- Ptychobranchus
| +--+
| +----- Truncilla
| |
| +----- Venustaconcha
| |
| +----- Cambarunio
| |
| +----- Leaunio
| |
| | +-- Ortmanniana
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
| +-------- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +-------- Anemina **
| |
| +-------- Anodonta_cygnea **
| |
| +-------- Cristaria **
| |
| +-------- Brachyanodon **
| |
| +-------- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| +-------- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| +-------- Pyganodon **
| |
+--+-------- Simpsonaias **
|
+-------- Strophitus **
|
+-------- Utterbackia **
|
+-------- Schistodesmus **
|
+-------- Unionina **
|
+-------- Aculamprotulina **
|
+-------- Lanceolariini **
|
| +-- Pletholophus **
+-----+
| +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis **
| |
| +----- Tchangsinaia **
| |
+--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens **
|
+----- Nodularia **
|
| +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii **
+--+
+-- Cuneopsis_heudei **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 48 | 48 | 37 | 5 | 153 | 114 | 3 | 151 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
--+ +--------+ +----- Lepidodesmini **
| | | |
| | +--+----- Unionini **
| | |
+--+ | +-- Lanceolariini **
| +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 47 | 47 | 44 | 5 | 152 | 113 | 3 | 156 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------------- Pseudodontini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Rectidentini
| |
| | +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----+
| | | +----- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 43 | 5 | 45 | 39 | 3 | 157 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 43 | 5 | 45 | 39 | 3 | 157 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 44 | 5 | 49 | 38 | 3 | 158 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 46 | 46 | 41 | 5 | 49 | 38 | 3 | 159 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 43 | 43 | 41 | 5 | 42 | 33 | 2 | 151 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 42 | 42 | 40 | 5 | 45 | 36 | 2 | 152 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 41 | 41 | 42 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 150 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 38 | 38 | 36 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 154 | +----------- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 36 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 145 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Ambleminae
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Beringiana **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Sinanodonta **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 37 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 141 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Ambleminae
--+ +-----------------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 37 | 4 | 33 | 10 | 3 | 143 | +----------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
| +-----------+
--+ | | +----- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lamprotulini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Gonideini
|
| +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Buldowskia **
| |
+--+ +----- Sinanodonta **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Pletholophus **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Beringiana **
|
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 36 | 36 | 37 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 158 | Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 159 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 29 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 163 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------------+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| | +-- Anemina **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
| |
| | +----- Pletholophus **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha **
| |
+--+----- Cristaria **
|
| +-- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+-- Lepidodesmini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 35 | 33 | 5 | 38 | 29 | 2 | 153 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 35 | 38 | 31 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 159 | +----------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +----------------- Parreysiinae
+--+ |
| | +-- Anemina **
| +--------------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus **
| +--------+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
+--+
| +----------- Cristaria **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+--------+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4805], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 34 | 34 | 32 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 154 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 40 | 29 | 2 | 159 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 28 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 154 | +----------------- Quadrulini
|
+----------------- Pleurobemini
|
| +-- Amblemini
--+--------------+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-- Lamprotulini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Gonideini
+--+
| +----------- Chamberlainiini
| |
+--+ +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+-------- Unionini **
|
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 36 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 160 | +----------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------- Anemina **
| |
+--+ +----------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Cristaria **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 40 | 29 | 2 | 159 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 33 | 33 | 31 | 5 | 23 | 22 | 3 | 153 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae
| +--------+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 28 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 168 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 30 | 5 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 164 | +-- Lamprotulini
+--------------------+
| +-- Gonideini
--+
| +-------------------- Chamberlainiini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Anemina **
| |
+--+ +-------------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----------- Sinanodonta **
| |
+--+ +-------- Aculamprotulina **
| |
+--+ +-- Cristaria **
| +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 30 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 166 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----------------------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +----------------- Acuticostini **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Anodontina **
| |
| | +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
| | +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Anemina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
+--+
| +----- Pletholophus **
+--+
| +-- Sinanodonta **
+--+
+-- Beringiana **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 30 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 168 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +-------------- Globunionina **
| |
| | +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Unionina **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Oxynaiina **
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 24 | 5 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 162 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------------+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| | +-- Anemina **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Amuranodonta **
| |
| | +----- Pletholophus **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | +-- Beringiana **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
| |
| +----- Acuticostini **
| |
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
| |
+--+----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha **
|
+----- Cristaria **
|
+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Alasmidontina **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 32 | 32 | 30 | 5 | 36 | 25 | 2 | 160 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Dai et al., 2026 [Publ 4757], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 30 | 30 | 29 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 151 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 25 | 3 | 52 | 41 | 3 | 166 | +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----- Unionini **
--+ +-----------------+
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| +----- Gonidea
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea
+--+
+-- Leguminaia
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 29 | 29 | 26 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 151 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 2 | 3 | 97 | 97 | 3 | 168 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Pseudodontini
| |
--+ | +----------- Rectidentini
| | |
| | | +----- Ambleminae
| | | |
| | | | +-- Chamberlainia
+--+ | | |
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
| | | |
| | | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | +--+ |
| | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
| | | | |
+--+ | | +-- Potomida
| | | |
| | | +-- Pronodularia
| | | |
| | +--+-- Gonidea
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi
| | |
| | +-- Leguminaia
| | |
| | +-- Microcondylaea
| | |
+--+ +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita
|
| +----- Unionini **
| |
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| | |
| | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
| | |
| | +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
| | |
| | +-- Brachyanodon **
+--+ |
| +-- Lasmigona **
| |
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon **
| |
| +-- Simpsonaias **
| |
| +-- Strophitus **
+--+
+-- Sinanodonta_lauta **
|
+-- Cristaria_plicata **
|
+-- Cristaria_radiata **
|
+-- Pletholophus **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_lucida **
|
+-- Sinanodonta_jourdyi **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_grayii **
|
+-- Lanceolaria_danzhouensis **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 156 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 3 | 111 | 86 | 3 | 165 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +----- Unionini **
+--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 5 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 160 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 19 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 160 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 19 | 3 | 111 | 86 | 3 | 162 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
| +--+
--+ | | +----------- Ambleminae
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Pseudodontini
| | +--+
| | | +----- Gonideini
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
|
| +----------- Unionini **
| |
+-----+ +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Anodonta_anatina **
| |
| +----- Pseudanodonta **
+--+
+----- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Brachyanodon **
Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 5 | 26 | 23 | 2 | 160 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 27 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 156 | Lyubas et al., 2022 [Publ 4255], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 25 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 166 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 28 | 28 | 26 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 154 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 155 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 24 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 150 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 5 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 165 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4385], fig. 3-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 151 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 27 | 27 | 25 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 22 | 14 | 2 | 161 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 65 | 48 | 3 | 166 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Acuticostini **
| +-----+
--+ | | +-------- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lanceolariini **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 65 | 48 | 3 | 164 | +-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
--+ +--------+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unionini **
| | +--+
+--+ | +-- Lanceolariini **
| +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 156 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 50 | 40 | 2 | 169 | +-------------------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +----------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Gonideini
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 3 | 50 | 40 | 2 | 167 | +-------------------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +----------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-------------- Gonideini
| |
+--+ +-- Chamberlainiini
| +--------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 20 | 14 | 2 | 161 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 26 | 26 | 24 | 5 | 30 | 20 | 2 | 162 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 23 | 23 | 21 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 155 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 22 | 19 | 2 | 160 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_MtG iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 159 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 5 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 175 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
| +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha__1 **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha__2 **
| |
| +----- Cristaria_plicata__1 **
| |
| +----- Cristaria_plicata__2 **
| |
| +----- Sinanodonta_lauta **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_japonica **
--+ |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1 **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_beringiana **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2 **
| |
| +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3 **
| |
| +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 **
| |
| +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 **
| |
| +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1 **
+--+
+----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2 **
|
+----- Pletholophus **
|
+----- Anemina **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
|
+----- Cristaria_plicata__3 **
|
+----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
|
+----- Sinanodonta_angula **
|
+----- Lepidodesmini **
|
| +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
|
| +-- Cuneopsis **
+--+
| +-- Nodularia **
|
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Inversiunio **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 164 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
| +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_grayii **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 4-5_AHE iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 169 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 26 | 23 | 2 | 158 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 20 | 4 | 22 | 19 | 2 | 160 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 22 | 22 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 159 | +----------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_grayii **
| |
| +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
+----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata **
|
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 163 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 22 | 5 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 173 | +----------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Tchangsinaia **
+--+ +--------+
| | +-- Nodularia **
| |
+--+ +-- Schistodesmus **
| +-----+
| | +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +----- Inversiunio **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 21 | 21 | 19 | 4 | 17 | 14 | 2 | 159.5 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 20 | 20 | 0 | 1 | 85 | 84 | 2 | 167 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 1 | 163 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 3 | 28 | 22 | 2 | 159 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 17 | 3 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 159 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 14 | 11 | 2 | 158 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 2 | 24 | 14 | 2 | 156 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 4_6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 162 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | +----------------- Anodonta_cygnea **
|
+----------------- Pyganodon **
|
+----------------- Alasminota **
|
+----------------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----------------- Unionini **
|
+----------------- Cristariina **
|
| +-- Brachyanodon_nuttalliana **
--+--------------+
| +-- Brachyanodon_californiensis **
|
| +-- Pseudodontoideus **
| |
+--------------+-- Alasmidonta **
| |
| +-- Pterosyna **
|
| +-------------- Pseudanodonta **
| |
| | +----- Strophitus **
| +--------+
+--+ | +-- Prolasmidonta **
| +--+
| +-- Platynaias **
|
| +----------- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__4 **
+--+
| +-------- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__3 **
+--+
| +----- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__2 **
+--+
| +-- Brachyanodon_oregonensis__1 **
+--+
+-- Brachyanodon_kennerlyi **
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 158 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 4 | 35 | 33 | 3 | 167 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 160 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 162 | Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 16 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 166 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 18 | 18 | 17 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 157 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 163 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | +-- Unionina **
+-----+
| +-- Oxynaiina **
--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Wu et al., 2025 [Publ 4442], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 157 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 5 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 165 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Acuticostini **
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
| |
+--+ +-- Lepidodesmini **
| +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Unionina **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 16 | 3 | 65 | 65 | 3 | 166 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Pseudodontini
| |
| | +----------- Rectidentini
+--+ |
| | +----- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+ | +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
| |
| | +-- Lamprotula
| | |
| | +-- Potomida
+--+ |
| +-- Pronodularia
| |
| +-- Gonidea
| |
| +-- Leguminaia
| |
| +-- Microcondylaea
| |
+-----+-- Amblemini
|
+-- Ortmanniana
|
+-- Lampsilis
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Quadrulini
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 161 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Oxynaiina **
+--+
| +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 14 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 171 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------- Anodontina **
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Cristariina **
+--+
| +----- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 5 | 36 | 34 | 2 | 168 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 11 | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 170 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----------- Acuticostini **
--+ |
| +----------- Cristariina **
| |
+--+----------- Anodontina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
| | +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+-----+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
|
| +----- Unionina **
+--+
| +-- Middendorffinaiina **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 157 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 18 | 16 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 158 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
| +-------- Aculamprotulina **
| |
+--+ +-- Acuticostini **
| +--+
| | +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Unionina **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 17 | 17 | 15 | 4 | 14 | 14 | 2 | 159 | +-- Ambleminae
+--------+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 5 | 21 | 19 | 3 | 168 | +-------------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 21 | 4 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 176 | +-------- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| | +----- Lamprotulini
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideini
--+ +--+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
+--+ +-- Aculamprotulina **
| +--+
| | +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 15 | 2 | 23 | 18 | 1 | 158 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 16 | 16 | 14 | 4 | 15 | 15 | 2 | 169 | +-- Gonideinae
+--------+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 169 | Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 21 | 20 | 2 | 165 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-------- Oxynaiina **
+--+
| +----- Unionina **
+--+
| +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 15 | 13 | 3 | 21 | 20 | 2 | 163 | +-- Ambleminae
+-----+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 15 | 34 | 32 | 3 | 19 | 18 | 2 | 191 | +----- Prolasmidonta **
+--+
| | +-- Alasmidonta **
| +--+
+-----------------+ +-- Anemina **
| |
| | +----- Pseudodontini
| +--+
| | +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| +--+
| +-- Chamberlainia
|
| +----- Oxynaiina **
| +-----+
| | | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotulina **
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Platynaias **
| | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis **
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Pyganodon **
| | |
| | | +----- Sinanodonta **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Cristaria **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis **
| +-----+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| +-----------+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_leaii
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Gonideini
|
| +----------------- Gibbosulinae
+--+
| +-------------- Quadrulini
+--+
| +----------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_ornata
+--+
| +----- Potamilus_leptodon
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_powellii
Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 15 | 12 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 164 | +-- Lanceolariini **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Acuticostini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2024 [Publ 4376], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 156 | Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 13 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 158 | +-------- Amblemini
|
+-------- Pleurobemini
--+
+-------- Lampsilini
|
| +----- Quadrulini
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 175 | +----------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| | +-------- Lamprotulini
| +--+
| | +----- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
| | +-- Ptychorhynchus
--+ +--+
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +----------- Anodontini **
| |
| | +----- Acuticostini **
+--+ +--+
| | | +-- Nodularia **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Tchangsinaia **
|
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Schistodesmus **
+--+
+-- Lepidodesmini **
Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3738], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 162 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 5 | 5 | 20 | 18 | 2 | 172 | +-- Ptychorhynchus
|
+-- Chamberlainiini
|
+--------+-- Lamprotulini
| |
| +-- Sinosolenaia
| |
| +-- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Strophitus **
--+ |
| +-------- Schistodesmus **
| |
| +-------- Lepidodesmini **
| |
| +-------- Acuticostini **
| |
| +-------- Cristariina **
+--+
+-------- Lanceolariini **
|
| +-- Nodularia **
+-----+
| +-- Tchangsinaia **
|
| +----- Utterbackia **
| |
+--+----- Utterbackiana **
|
| +-- Alasmidonta **
+--+
+-- Lasmigona **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 28 | 8 | 2 | 161 | +-------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +----------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-------- Aculamprotulina **
| |
+--+ +-- Oxynaiina **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionina **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 167 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------- Unionina **
| |
+--+ +-- Middendorffinaiina **
| +-----+
| | +-- Oxynaiina **
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Lepidodesmini **
Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 14 | 3 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 165 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 3 | 28 | 8 | 2 | 157 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Douda et al., 2024 [Publ 4364], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 159 | Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 161 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Galal-Khallaf et al., 2024 [Publ 4459], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 15 | 11 | 1 | 167 | Sayenko et al., 2021 [Publ 4189], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 19 | 17 | 4 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 173 | +----------------- Anodontini **
|
| +----------- Chamberlainiini
| +--+
--+ | | +-------- Lamprotula_leaii
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lamprotula_caveata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Gibbosulinae
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lamprotula_cornuumlunae
|
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
| +--+
| | | +-- Tchangsinaia **
| | +--+
+-----+ +-- Nodularia **
|
| +----- Schistodesmus **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Acuticostini **
Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 13 | 13 | 11 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 163 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4825], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | Xiang et al., 2025 [Publ 4433], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 162 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Sano et al., 2022 [Publ 4311], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 170 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 164 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 10 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2a_S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163.5 | Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 11 | 1 | 26 | 21 | 2 | 160 | +-------------- Quadrulina
|
| +----- Lamprotulini
--+ +-----+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-------- Megalonaias
+--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 162 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 12 | 12 | 10 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 168 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 20 | 18 | 3 | 163 | +----------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Ambleminae
| +-----+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Prie et al., 2026 [Publ 4818], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 162 | Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 165 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Xue et al., 2016 [Publ 3659], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 165 | +-- Gonideinae
+-----+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4401], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4432], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | +-- Lepidodesmini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 163 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 162 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Klishko et al., 2019 [Publ 3886], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 161 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 164 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Unionina **
+--+
| +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 13 | 10 | 2 | 162 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 162 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Pfarrer et al., 2022 [Publ 4305], fig. 2-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 164 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 160 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Lanceolariini **
Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 5 | 1 | 23 | 21 | 1 | 168.5 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 162 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 7 | 3 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 161 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 15 | 9 | 2 | 162 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 170 | +----------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----------- Unionina **
+--+
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +----- Globunionina **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 162 | +----- Lanceolariini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +----- Anodonta_anatina **
|
+----- Anodonta_cygnea **
--+
+----- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 18 | 11 | 3 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 174 | +----------- Cristariina **
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini **
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta **
| |
| +-------- Unionini **
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina **
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta **
|
| +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Velesunioninae
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini
|
+-- Chamberlainiini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 1 | 170 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 11 | 10 | 2 | 163 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Khalloufi et al., 2011 [Publ 2748], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 165 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Reis et al., 2013 [Publ 3580], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 161 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 6 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 166 | +-------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----------- Anodontini **
| |
+--+ +-------- Oxynaiina **
| |
+--+ +----- Lanceolaria_grayii **
| |
+--+----- Acuticostini **
|
| +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola **
+--+
+-- Aculamprotulina **
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 16 | 16 | 3 | 169 | +-------------------------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-------------- Oxynaiina **
| |
| +--------------+ +----------- Anodonta_cygnea **
--+ | | |
| | +--+ +-------- Unio_pictorum__2 **
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Unio_pictorum__1 **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unio_caffer **
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Anodonta **
| +--+
| +-- Alasmidontina **
|
| +-------------------------- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +-------------------- Gonideini
| |
| | +----- Eurynia
+--+ +-----------+
| | | +-- Cambarunio
| | +--+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Pleurobema
+--+
| +----------- Truncilla
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Epioblasma
+--+
| +----- Ligumia
+--+
| +-- Obliquaria
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 13 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 49 | 42 | 3 | 166 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----- Lanceolariini **
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bauer et al., 2021 [Publ 4365], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | +-------- Anodonta_anatina **
|
--+ +----- Cristariina **
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 165 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 3 | 49 | 42 | 3 | 164 | +----------- Ambleminae
|
--+----------- Gonideinae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Tomilova et al., 2020 [Publ 4097], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | +-- Unionini **
|
--+-- Cristariina **
|
+-- Anodontina **
Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 18 | 16 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 172 | +-------------- Sinanodonta **
|
--+ +----------- Cristaria **
| |
+--+ +-- Gonideinae
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Oxynaiina **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 25 | 19 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 182 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bespalaya et al., 2018 [Publ 3811], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 162 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Klishko et al., 2018 [Publ 3945], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 161 | Kondakov et al., 2018 [Publ 3914], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Marrone et al., 2019 [Publ 3907], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 25 | 23 | 2 | 22 | 17 | 1 | 182 | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Mabuchi & Nishida, 2020 [Publ 4120], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 8 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 171 | +----------- Gonideinae
--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Nodularia **
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Inversiunio **
Vikhrev et al., 2017 [Publ 3810], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 167 | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
--+ +-------------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +----------- Oxynaiina **
| |
| | +-- Unio_gibbus **
+--+ |
| +-----+-- Unio_tumidus **
| | |
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum__1 **
| |
| +----- Unio_pictorum__2 **
+--+
+----- Unio_mancus **
|
| +-- Unio_tumidiformis **
+--+
+-- Unio_crassus **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 162 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Chen et al., 2026 [Publ 4827], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 166 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Kashiri et al., 2024 [Publ 4822], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 160 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 165 | +-- Parreysiinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 163 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontina **
Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 12 | 10 | 2 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 174 | +-- Anodontina **
+--------+
| +-- Utterbackia **
|
--+ +-- Gonideinae
| +-----+
| | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Pyganodon **
+--+
+-- Cristariina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-- Anodonta_anatina **
+-----+
| +-- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Cristariina **
+--+
| +-- Anodonta_cygnea **
+--+
+-- Pseudanodonta **
Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Smith et al., 2023 [Publ 4291], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 16 | 15 | 2 | 163 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 12 | 11 | 2 | 163 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 9 | 8 | 2 | 165 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 9 | 7 | 2 | 167 | +-------------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-------- Anodontini **
+--+
| +----- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Lepidodesmini **
+--+
+-- Unionina **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 161 | Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 165 | +-------- Gonideini
--+
| +----- Lamprotulini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Zieritz et al., 2012 [Publ 3673], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 167 | +----- Anodontina **
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
+--+-- Margaritiferinae
|
+-- Unionini **
Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 167 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 163 | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 16 | 12 | 2 | 179.5 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Aculamprotulina **
|
+-- Unionina **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 162 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 96 | 94 | 2 | 165 | +-- Chamberlainiini
+-----+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1B-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 163 | +-- Margaritiferinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 4042], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 3b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | +----- Anodontina **
--+
| +-- Cristariina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3732], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 12 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Kano et al., 2019 [Publ 4194], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 165 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 162 | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 162 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 163 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | 19 | 3 | 164 | +-------- Pseudodontini
|
| +----- Parreysiinae
--+ |
| +----- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 40 | 18 | 3 | 164 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 162 | Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 96 | 94 | 2 | 168 | +-------- Chamberlainiini
|
--+-------- Anodontini **
|
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Choi et al., 2020 [Publ 4169], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 40 | 18 | 3 | 164 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 29 | 29 | 1 | 164 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 22 | 18 | 1 | 171.5 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zhou et al., 2017 [Publ 3788], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 16 | 14 | 3 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 172 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +-- Lanceolariini **
| +--+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Källersjö et al., 2005 [Publ 2684], fig. 1A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-- Margaritiferinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unionini **
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 41 | 19 | 3 | 164 | +-- Unionini **
+--------+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +-------- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Lydeard et al., 1996 [Publ 2656], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 21 | 18 | 1 | 171 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Klishko et al., 2017 [Publ 3946], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 162 | Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-------- Unio_tumidus **
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Unio_crassus **
+--+
+-- Unio_pictorum **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 163 | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Mabuchi et al., 2021 [Publ 4233], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Dyduch-Falniowska & Koziol, 1989 [Publ 3814], fig. 5_7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Bogan et al., 2023 [Publ 4295], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +----- Cristariina **
--+
| +-- Anodontina **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 165 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 163 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 15 | 10 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 175 | +-------------------- Amblemini
|
+-------------------- Parreysiinae
|
+-------------------- Eurynia
|
+-------------------- Fusconaia
|
+-------------------- Gonideinae
|
+-------------------- Pleurobema
|
+-------------------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--------+
| | +-------- Glebula
| +--+
| | +----- Potamilus
| +--+
| | +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| +-- Toxolasma
|
| +----------------- Cyrtonaias
| |
+--+ +-------------- Unionini **
| |
| | +----------- Anodontini **
+--+ |
| | +----- Iridininae
| | |
+--+ +--+ +-- Anodontites_guanarensis
| | | |
| | +--+-- Anodontites_trigona
| | |
+--+ +-- Monocondylaeinae
|
| +----- Rhipidodontini
| |
| +----- Echyridella
+--+
+----- Lortiella
|
| +-- Castaliini
+--+
+-- Velesunio
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 6 | 2 | 165 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 7 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 169 | Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 165 | +----------- Ambleminae
--+
| +-------- Gonideinae
+--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +-- Unio_tumidus **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 18 | 1 | 2 | 17 | 13 | 2 | 179 | +----- Anodontina **
|
| +-- Gonideinae
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Megalonaias
| |
| +-- Obliquaria
| |
+--+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
|
+-- Amblema
|
+-- Elliptio
|
+-- Fusconaia
|
+-- Plectomerus
|
+-- Pleurobema
|
+-- Unionini **
Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 163 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Nagel et al., 1996 [Publ 3400], fig. 351 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 169 | Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 164 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Unio_pictorum **
| |
+--+-- Unio_tumidus **
|
+-- Anodontini **
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 163 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 163 | Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 165 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 165 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +-- Pleurobemini
| +--+
| | +-- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 163 | +-------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 165 | +-- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bogatov et al., 2018 [Publ 3859], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 167 | +-------- Unio_crassus **
--+
| +----- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +-- Unio_tumidus **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 19 | 12 | 2 | 29 | 13 | 3 | 176 | +-------- Anodontini **
|
--+ +----- Gonideinae
| |
+--+----- Unionini **
|
| +-- Margaritiferinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 168 | Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 26 | 13 | 3 | 165 | +----------------------------- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +----------------------- Amblemini
+--+
| +-------------------- Quadrulini
| |
+--+ +----------------- Pleurobema
| |
| | +-------------- Eurynia
+--+ |
| | +----- Cyrtonaias
| +--------+
+--+ | +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| +-- Anodontini **
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| +-------- Glebula
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Toxolasma
Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 15 | 2 | 2 | 15 | 12 | 2 | 176 | +-------- Gonideinae
|
| +-- Elliptio
| |
| +-- Fusconaia
| |
--+ +--+-- Amblemini
| | |
| | +-- Pleurobema
| | |
| | +-- Unionini **
| |
| | +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
+--+ |
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
| |
| +-- Utterbackia **
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea
+--+
+-- Megalonaias
|
+-- Obliquaria
|
+-- Theliderma
|
+-- Quadrula
|
+-- Uniomerus
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Quadrulini
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Klishko et al., 2014 [Publ 3666], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 20 | 20 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Parreysiinae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Acuticostini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 20 | 3 | 164 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +-- Pseudodontini
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 167 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Bulakhova et al., 2023 [Publ 4325], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 3 | 168 | +-------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +----------- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-------- Gonideinae
| |
+--+ +-- Oxynaiina **
| +--+
| | +-- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Mezhzherin et al., 2014 [Publ 3705], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 11 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 8 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 169 | +-------------------------- Lamellidens_mainwaringi
--+
| +----------------------- Lamprotula
+--+
| +-------------------- Potomida
+--+
| +----------------- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-------------- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +----------- Aculamprotulina **
+--+
| +-------- Unio_pictorum **
+--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
+--+
+-- Lamellidens_corrianus
Soroka, 2005 [Publ 2726], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 164 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Unionini **
Sayenko et al., 2017 [Publ 3760], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 166 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 32 | 20 | 3 | 164 | +----------------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-------------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +----------- Pseudodontini
| |
+--+ +-- Anodontini **
| +-----+
| | +-- Unionini **
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Lamprotulini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 2 | 164 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 164 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 9 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 171 | +-- Aculamprotulina **
|
+-- Lamprotula
|
+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Potomida
|
--+-- Unio_pictorum **
|
+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Unio_ravoisieri **
|
+-- Parreysiinae
|
+-- Pleurobemini
Froufe et al., 2017 [Publ 3802], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 8 | 2 | 164 | +----------- Pseudodontini
|
--+ +-------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 3 | 166 | +----- Pleurobemini
|
+----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
| |
| +-- Unio_ravoisieri **
+--+
+-- Unio_pictorum **
|
+-- Aculamprotulina **
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 9c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 166 | Klishko et al., 2016 [Publ 3733], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 164 | Hinzmann et al., 2013 [Publ 3541], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 165 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 27 | 1 | 1 | 165 | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Kilikowska et al., 2020 [Publ 4335], fig. 4a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 17 | 13 | 3 | 165 | +-------- Ambleminae
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 37 | 27 | 3 | 165 | +-------- Parreysiinae
|
--+ +-- Unionini **
| +--+
| | +-- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 165.5 | Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 165.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-------- Gonidea
+--+
| +----- Inversidens
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 165 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Moyer & Díaz-Ferguson, 2012 [Publ 3375], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 165 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 44 | 42 | 1 | 167 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 43 | 41 | 1 | 167 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 165 | +-- Gonideini
+-----+
| +-- Lamprotulini
--+
| +----- Chamberlainiini
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 2 | 165.5 | +----------- Pseudodontini
--+
| +-------- Gonidea
+--+
| +----- Inversidens
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 165 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2016 [Publ 3757], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 167 | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 8a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Nagel et al., 1998 [Publ 1946], fig. 9 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 166.5 | +-------- Lamprotulini
--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Gustafson & Iwamoto, 2005 [Publ 2741], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 165 | +-- Gonideinae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 165 | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Froufe et al., 2014 [Publ 3592], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 165 | Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 165 | +-- Ambleminae
--+
+-- Anodontini **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 45 | 43 | 1 | 167 | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 8 | 2 | -- | Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 172 | +-------------- Cristariina **
--+
| +----------- Alasmidontina **
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis
+--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Venustaconcha
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 43 | 41 | 3 | -- | +----------------- Ambleminae
|
| +-------- Parreysiinae
| |
--+ +-----+ +-- Anodontini **
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Unionini **
| | +--+
| | | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Discomya
|
| +----------- Rectidentini
| |
+--+ +-- Schepmaniini
| +-----+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----- Caudiculatus
+--+
| +-- Potomida
+--+
+-- Gonideini
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 25 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 26 | 24 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 167.5 | +-- Unionini **
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 8 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 22 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 2 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 4-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Taylor et al., 2007 [Publ 2696], fig. 1-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Unionini **
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- None__1
+--+
| +-- None__2
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Mock et al., 2004 [Publ 2686], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 10 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 4 | 3 | -- | +-------- Gonideinae
--+
| +----- Unionini **
+--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 168 | +----- Gonideinae
|
--+ +-- Cristariina **
| |
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Alasmidontina **
|
+-- Quadrulini
Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Gonideinae
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 4 | 2 | 169 | +-------- Unionini **
--+
| +----- Pleurobemini
+--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 8 | 1 | 1 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Unionini **
+--+
+-- Anodontini **
Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +-------- Quadrulini
--+
| +----- Anodontini **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Soroka, 2010 [Publ 3404], fig. 5a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zhang et al., 2013 [Publ 4214], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 168 | +-------- Cristaria **
--+
| +----- Sinanodonta **
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferinae
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | -- | +----- Anodontini **
--+
| +-- Gonideinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Xia et al., 2016 [Publ 3712], fig. 7B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 167 | +----- Sinanodonta **
--+
| +-- Cristaria **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 0 | 0 | -- | Pieri et al., 2018 [Publ 3867], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 19 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 54 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2b iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Teiga-Teixeira et al., 2020 [Publ 4173], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 16 | 2 | -- | +----- Ambleminae
--+
| +-- Lanceolariini **
+--+
+-- Gonideinae
Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Jiang et al., 2010 [Publ 3438], fig. 5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | -- | +-- Ambleminae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Gonideinae
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 27 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Gonideinae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Unionini **
Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- | Metzger et al., 2018 [Publ 3952], fig. 1C iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2d iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Parreysiinae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2c iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Wang et al., 2016 [Publ 3714], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | Graf et al., 2014 [Publ 3591], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 9 | 1 | -- | Mulvey et al., 1997 [Publ 3390], fig. 1_3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 55 | 1 | -- | Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | -- | González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1b-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +----- Lampsilini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Plazzi & Passamonti, 2010 [Publ 3354], fig. 2-3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
|
--+-- Ambleminae
|
+-- Gonideinae
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 2 | -- | +-- Gonideinae
|
--+-- Anodontini **
|
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | -- | Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 2 | 2 | -- | +----- Unionini **
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Parreysiinae
Peng et al., 2012 [Publ 3689], fig. 1 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Gonideinae
Curole & Kocher, 2002 [Publ 2712], fig. 1a-M iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | -- | +----- Quadrulini
--+
| +-- Anodontini **
+--+
+-- Lampsilini
Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Unionini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 41 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Pfeiffer et al., 2016 [Publ 3660], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Campbell, 2000 [Publ 2724], fig. 1-5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Turner et al., 2000 [Publ 2722], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | +-- Quadrulini
+-----+
| +-- Anodontini **
--+
| +----- Lampsilini
+--+
| +-- Amblemini
+--+
+-- Pleurobemini
Lydeard et al., 2000 [Publ 2654], fig. 2a iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 1 | -- | Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | -- | Giribet & Distel, 2003 [Publ 3670], fig. 3f5 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 1 | -- | +-- Pleurobemini
|
--+-- Lampsilini
|
+-- Unionini **
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 40 | 1 | -- | +-- Anodontini **
--+
+-- Ambleminae
Hoeh et al., 1998 [Publ 2695], fig. 4 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | -- | Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3 iT| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | -- |
|
