MUSSELp
 
MUSSELpdb
 
 
Taxonomy
 
 
Geography
 
 
 

Page last updated
Thu 17 July 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!


Bivalvia | Unionoida

superfamily UNIONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820: syonymy
     2 families

UNIONOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 290 [as ‘Uniodia, Les Uniodés’].
Fleming, 1828. Hist. Brit. Anim.: 408, 415.
Type genus: Unio Retzius, 1788 = Unio

AMBLEMOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 310 [as ‘Amblemidia, Les Amblémides’].
Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Première partie): 18 [as ‘Ablemidiæ’ [sic] ].
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 180.
Type genus: Amblema Rafinesque, 1820 = Amblema

ANODONTOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 316 [as ‘Anodontidia, Les Anodontides’].
Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 286, 381.
Ortmann, 1910. Nautilus 23: 117.
Type genus: Anodonta Lamarck, 1799 = Anodonta

ALASMIDONTOIDEA Rafinesque, 1820
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 317 [as ‘Alasmidia. Les Alasmides’].
Deshayes, 1830. Enc. Méth. 2 (Première partie): 13 [as ‘Alasmides’].
Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 268, 381 [as ‘Alasmodontinæ’].
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 8-9, 18.
(correct name for Alasmodontidae Swainson, 1840)
Type genus: Alasmidonta Say, 1818 = Alasmidonta

ALASMODONTOIDEA Swainson, 1840
Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 264, 268, 275, 287-288, 290, 381.
(name corrected to Alasmidontidae Rafinesque, 1820)
Type genus: Alasmodon Thompson, 1820 = Alasmidonta

LAMPSILOIDEA Ihering, 1901
Ihering, 1901. Nautilus 15(4): 53.
Ortmann, 1910. Nautilus 23: 118.
Ortmann, 1912. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 8: 224.
Type genus: Lampsilis Rafinesque, 1820 = Lampsilis

QUADRULOIDEA Ihering, 1901
Ihering, 1901. Nautilus 15(5): 53 [as ‘Quadrulinæ’].
Haas, 1929. Senckenbergiana 11: ??.
Type genus: Quadrula Rafinesque, 1820 = Quadrula

MARGARITANOIDEA Ortmann, 1910
Ortmann, 1910. Nautilus 23: 116.
Ortmann, 1912. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 8: 223.
Ortmann, 1919. Mem. Carnegie Mus. 8(1): 2.
Type genus: Margaritana Schumacher, 1817 = Margaritifera

PLEUROBEMOIDEA Hannibal, 1912
Hannibal, 1912. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 10(2): 119.
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 179.
Type genus: Pleurobema Rafinesque, 1819 = Pleurobema

PROPTEROIDEA Hannibal, 1912
Hannibal, 1912. Proc. Malac. Soc. London 10(2): 119.
Type genus: Proptera Rafinesque, 1819 = Potamilus

GONIDEOIDEA Ortmann, 1916
Ortmann, 1916. Nautilus 30: 53.
Type genus: Gonidea Conrad, 1857 = Gonidea

PSEUDODONTOIDEA Frierson, 1927
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 67.
Type genus: Pseudodon Gould, 1844 = Pseudodon

MARGARITIFEROIDEA Henderson, 1929
Henderson, 1929. unknown publication: ??.
Henderson, 1935. GSA, Spec. Pap. 3: 68.
Haas, 1940. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 24: 119.
Type genus: Margaritifera Schumacher, 1816 = Margaritifera

PARREYSIOIDEA Henderson, 1935
Henderson, 1935. GSA, Spec. Pap. 3: 69.
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 186.
Type genus: Parreysia Conrad, 1853 = Parreysia

PSEUDAVICULOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 176.
Type genus: Pseudavicula Simpson, 1900 = Prisodontopsis

ELLIPTIONOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 178, 180.
Modell, 1943. Arch. Moll. 75: 110.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 88.
Type genus: Elliptio Rafinesque, 1819 = Elliptio

HEUDEANOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 184.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 101.
Type genus: Heudeana Frierson, 1922 = Ptychorhynchus

LAMPROTULOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 187.
Modell, 1943. Arch. Moll. 75: 113.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 109.
Type genus: Lamprotula Simpson, 1900 = Lamprotula

CAFFERIOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 188.
Type genus: Cafferia Simpson, 1900 = Unio

HYRIOPSOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 188.
Modell, 1945. Jena. Z. Med. Naturw. 78: 83.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 112.
Habe, 1977. Mollusc. Japan: 116.
Type genus: Hyriopsis Conrad, 1853 = Hyriopsis

LAMELLIDENTOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 188.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 111.
Type genus: Lamellidens Simpson, 1900 = Lamellidens

CONTRADENTOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 189.
Modell, 1945. Jena. Z. Med. Naturw. 78: 83.
Type genus: Contradens Haas, 1911 = Lens

RECTIDENTOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 189.
Modell, 1945. Jena. Z. Med. Naturw. 78: 83.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 113.
Type genus: Rectidens Simpson, 1900 = Rectidens

CAELATUROIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 190.
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 64.
(name corrected to Coelaturidae Modell, 1942)
Type genus: Caelatura Conrad, 1853 = Coelatura

NANNONAIOIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 190.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 117.
Type genus: Nannonaia Haas, 1913 = Elongaria

COELATUROIDEA Modell, 1942
Modell, 1942. Arch. Moll. 74(5/6): 190 [as ‘Caelaurinae’].
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 116 [as ‘Caelaturinae’].
(correct name for Caelaturidae Modell, 1942)
Type genus: Coelatura Conrad, 1853 = Coelatura

PSEUDOSPATHOIDEA Leloup, 1950
Leloup, 1950. Res. Sci. Explor. Hydrob. Lac Tanganyika (1946-1947) 3: 111.
Pain & Woodward, 1968. Rev. Zool. Botan. Afr. 77: 193, 212.
Type genus: Pseudospatha Simpson, 1900 = Pseudospatha

BRAZZAEAOIDEA Leloup, 1950
Leloup, 1950. Res. Sci. Explor. Hydrob. Lac Tanganyika (1946-1947) 3: 73.
Pain & Woodward, 1968. Rev. Zool. Botan. Afr. 77: 192.
Type genus: Brazzaea Bourguignat, 1886 = Brazzaea

CUNEOPSOIDEA Mongin, 1963
Mongin, 1963. Mém. Soc. Géol. France 96: 19.
Type genus: Cuneopsis Simpson, 1900 = Cuneopsis

DENTASPATHARIOIDEA Modell, 1964
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 83.
Type genus: Dentaspatharia Modell, 1964 = Dentaspatharia

MWERUELLOIDEA Pain & Woodward, 1968
Pain & Woodward, 1968. Rev. Zool. Botan. Afr. 77: 193, 200.
Type genus: Mweruella Haas, 1936 = Prisodontopsis

PRISODONTOPSOIDEA Pain & Woodward, 1968
Pain & Woodward, 1968. Rev. Zool. Botan. Afr. 77: 193, 206.
Type genus: Prisodontopsis Tomlin, 1928 = Prisodontopsis

CUMBERLANDOIDEA Heard & Guckert, 1970
Heard & Guckert, 1970. Malacologia 10: 338.
(name corrected to Cumberlandiidae Heard & Guckert, 1970)
Type genus: Cumberlandia Ortmann, 1912 = Cumberlandia

MEGALONAIADOIDEA Heard & Guckert, 1970
Heard & Guckert, 1970. Malacologia 10: 338.
Type genus: Megalonaias Utterback, 1915 = Megalonaias

CUMBERLANDIOIDEA Heard & Guckert, 1970
Heard & Guckert, 1970. Malacologia 10: 338 [as ‘Cumberlandinae’].
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 8.
Davis & Fuller, 1981. Malacologia 20: 237, 250.
(correct name for Cumberlandidae Heard & Guckert, 1970)
Type genus: Cumberlandia Ortmann, 1912 = Cumberlandia

POPENAIADOIDEA Heard & Guckert, 1970
Heard & Guckert, 1970. Malacologia 10: 339.
Type genus: Popenaias Frierson, 1927 = Popenaias

ARCIDOPSOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 61, 283.
Type genus: Arcidopsis Simpson, 1900 = Arcidopsis

LEGUMINAIOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 61, 283.
Type genus: Leguminaia Conrad, 1865 = Leguminaia

OXYNAIOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 65, 284.
Type genus: Oxynaia Haas, 1911 = Nodularia

PSILUNIONOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 65, 284.
Type genus: Psilunio Sabba Stefanescu, 1896 = Potomida

PHYSUNIONOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 68.
Type genus: Physunio Simpson, 1900 = Physunio

STROPHITOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 69, 287.
Gordon, 1980. Proc. Ark. Acad. Sci. 34: 58.
Gordon, 1985. Nautilus 99: 8.
Type genus: Strophitus Rafinesque, 1820 = Strophitus

CYPROGENIOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Cyprogenia Agassiz, 1852 = Cyprogenia

DROMOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Dromus Simpson, 1900 = Dromus

FRIERSONIOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Friersonia Ortmann, 1912 = Friersonia

GLEBULOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Glebula Conrad, 1853 = Glebula

MEDIONIDOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Medionidus Simpson, 1900 = Medionidus

PILAEOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
(name corrected to Pileidae Starobogatov, 1970)
Type genus: Pilea Simpson, 1900 = Epioblasma

PTYCHOBRANCHOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287.
Type genus: Ptychobranchus Simpson, 1900 = Ptychobranchus

PILEOIDEA Starobogatov, 1970
Starobogatov, 1970. Fauna Moll. Continent.: 70, 287 [as ‘Pilaeini’].
(correct name for Pilaeidae Starobogatov, 1970)
Type genus: Pilea Simpson, 1900 = Epioblasma

MODELLNAIOIDEA Brandt, 1974
Brandt, 1974. Arch. Moll. 105: 301.
Type genus: Modellnaia Brandt, 1974 = Modellnaia

PSEUDANODONTOIDEA Stadnichenko, 1984
‘Jaeckel’ Stadnichenko, 1984. Fauna Ukrayiny 29: 112.
Type genus: Pseudanodonta Bourguignat, 1876 = Pseudanodonta

NODULARIOIDEA Bogatov & Zatravkin, 1988
‘Starobogatov & Zatravkin’ Bogatov & Zatravkin, 1988. Trudy Zool. Inst. 187: 25.
Type genus: Nodularia Conrad, 1853 = Nodularia

JILINOCONCHOIDEA Ma, 1989
Ma, 1989. unknown publication: 259.
Type genus: Jilinoconcha Ma, 1989 = Plesielliptio

SILESUNIONOIDEA Skawina & Dzik, 2011
Skawina & Dzik, 2011. J. Linn. Soc., Zool. 163: 874.
Type genus: Silesunio Skawina & Dzik, 2011 = Silesunio

PILSBRYOCONCHOIDEA Bolotov et al., 2017
Bolotov, Vikhrev et Tumpeesuwan in Bolotov et al., 2017. Sci. Repts. 7: 11.
Type genus: Pilsbryoconcha Simpson, 1900 = Pilsbryoconcha

CRISTARIOIDEA Lopes-Lima et al., 2017
Lopes-Lima, Bogan & Froufe in Lopes-Lima et al., 2017. MPE 106: 180.
Type genus: Cristaria Schumacher, 1817 = Cristaria

LANCEOLARIOIDEA Lopes-Lima et al., 2017
Froufe, Lopes-Lima, & Bogan in Lopes-Lima et al., 2017. MPE 106: 181.
Type genus: Lanceolaria Conrad, 1853 = Lanceolaria

CHAMBERLAINIOIDEA Lopes-Lima et al., 2017
Bogan, Froufe & Lopes-Lima in Lopes-Lima et al., 2017. MPE 106: 182, 185.
Type genus: Chamberlainia Simpson, 1900 = Chamberlainia

LEOPARREYSIOIDEA Bolotov et al., 2017
Vikhrev, Bolotov & Kondakov in Bolotov et al., 2017. Sci. Repts. 7: 2.
Type genus: Leoparreysia Bolotov et al., 2017 = Leoparreysia

GIBBOSULOIDEA Lopes-Lima et al., 2018
Bogan, Bolotov, Froufe & Lopes-Lima in Lopes-Lima et al., 2018. MPE 127: 113.
Type genus: Gibbosula Simpson, 1900 = Gibbosula

INDOCHINELLOIDEA Bolotov et al., 2018
Bolotov, Pfeiffer, Vikhrev, & Konopleva in Bolotov et al., 2018. Sci. Repts. 8: 5.
Type genus: Indochinella Bolotov et al., 2018 = Indochinella

ACULAMPROTULOIDEA Huang et al., 2019
Huang & Wu in Huang et al., 2019. MPE 130: 57.
Type genus: Aculamprotula Wu et al., 1999 = Aculamprotula

LEPIDODESMOIDEA Huang et al., 2019
Huang & Wu in Huang et al., 2019. MPE 130: 57.
Type genus: Lepidodesma Simpson, 1896 = Lepidodesma

MIDDENDORFFINAIOIDEA Lopes-Lima et al., 2020
Lopes-Lima, Bolotov & Bogan in Lopes-Lima et al., 2020. MPE 146: [23].
Type genus: Middendorffinaia Moskvicheva & Starobogatov, 1973 = Middendorffinaia

SCHEPMANIOIDEA Zieritz et al., 2021
Lopes-Lima, Pfeiffer & Zieritz in Zieritz et al., 2021. Aquatic Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 31: 8.
Type genus: Schepmania Haas, 1910 = Schepmania

CTENODESMOIDEA Zieritz et al., 2021
Pfeiffer, Zieritz, Rahim & Lopes- Lima in Zieritz et al., 2021. Aquatic Conserv.: Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. 31: 9.
Type genus: Ctenodesma Simpson, 1900 = Ctenodesma

INDOPSEUDODONTOIDEA Bolotov et al., 2023
Bolotov, Konopleva, Kondakov & Vikhrev in Bolotov et al., 2023. Water 15: 22, Table 1.
Type genus: Indopseudodon Prashad, 1922 = Indopseudodon

GLOBUNIONOIDEA Dai et al., 2025
Dai, Chen, Huang & Wu in Dai et al., 2025. Zoosyst. Evol. 101(2): 785.
Type genus: Globunio Dai et al., 2025 = Globunio

LIMNOSCAPHOIDEA Lindholm, 1932
Lindholm, 1932. Trans. United Geol. Prosp. Serv. USSR 238: ??.
Type genus: Limnoscapha Lindholm, 1932 = Limnoscapha

ACUTICOSTOIDEA Starobogatov, 1967
Starobogatov, 1967. Trudy 3rd Sess. Vses. Paleont. Obshch. 9: 178.
Type genus: Acuticosta Simpson, 1900 = Acuticosta

ANADONTOIDEA Zatravkin, 1983
‘Rafinesque’ Zatravkin, 1983. [in] I.M. Likharev, Molluscs: 41.
(error for Anodontidae Rafinesque, 1820)
Type genus: Anodonta Lamarck, 1799 = Anodonta

BRACHYANODONTOIDEA Starobogatov et al., 2004
Starobogatov et al., 2004. Key Freshw. Invert. Russia 6 (molluscs, polychaetes, nemerteans): 30.
Type genus: Brachyanodon Fischer & Crosse, 1894 = Anodonta

POPENAIDOIDEA Graf & Cummings, 2021
Graf & Cummings, 2021. J. Moll. Studies 87(1): 6.
(error for Popenaiadidae Heard & Guckert, 1970)
Type genus: Popenaias Frierson, 1927 = Popenaias

 
NSF icon MUSSEL icon
"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."