MUSSELp
 
MUSSELpdb
 
 
Taxonomy
 
 
Geography
 
 
 

Page last updated
Wed 1 October 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Search the database pages:

Publication Simpson (1900): attributed nominal species
     publication summary

Complete Citation

Simpson, C.T. 1900. Synopsis of the naiades, or pearly fresh-water mussels. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 22: 501-1044. Available electronically.

Attributed Nominal Species

Anodon chiniana Simpson, 1900
‘Heude’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 639.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 284.

Anodon chiquetana Simpson, 1900
‘d’Orbigny’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 928.
‘d’Orbigny’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1441.

Anodon javana Simpson, 1900
‘Sowerby’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 588.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 282.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 242.
Haas, 1920. Conch. Cab. 9 (pt. 2, h. 52): 297.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 382.

Anodon kellettii Lea, 1870
‘Sowerby’ of Authors.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 84.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 588.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 282.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 242.
Brandt, 1974. Arch. Moll. 105: 264.

Anodon obtusata Simpson, 1900
‘Heude’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 639.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 284.

Anodon salwimana Simpson, 1900
‘Gould’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 836.

Anodon salwiniana Simpson, 1900
‘Gould’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 834.

Anodonta arcuata Martens, 1866
‘Cailliaud’ of Authors.
Martens, 1866. Malak. Blatt. 13: 11.
Jickeli, 1874. Nova Acta Dtsch. Akad. Naturf. 37(1): 265.
Servain, 1890. Bull. Soc. Malac. France 7: 316.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 899.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1336.
Van Damme, 1984. Freshw. Moll. N. Africa (25): 68.
Mandahl-Barth, 1988. Studies on African Freshwater Bivalves: 73.
Ibrahim et al., 1999. EEAA Nat. Biodiv. Unit (10): 109.

Anodonta arkansasensis B.H. Wright, 1888
‘Lea’ of Authors.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [6].
Call, 1895. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 60.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 617.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 347.
Williams et al., 2008. Freshw. Mussels AL and Mobile Basin: 709.
Watters et al., 2009. Freshw. Mussels OH: 294.

Anodonta atrovireus Simpson, 1900
‘Philippi’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 933.

Anodonta carthagena Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 922.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1427.

Anodonta dignota Simpson, 1900
‘Rafinesque’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 631 [as by Férussac], 648.
‘Rafinesque’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 387 [as by Férussac], 437.

Anodonta inaequivalvis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 922.
Martens, 1900. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Moll.: 534.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1423.
Mansur et al., 2020. [in] Damborenea, Rogers & Thorp, Freshw.Invert. Neotrop. 5: 424.

Anodonta intermerata Paetel, 1890
‘Heude’ of Authors.
Paetel, 1890. Cat. Conch.-Samml. 3: 183.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 639.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 284.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 405.

Anodonta jewittiana Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 927.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 97.

Anodonta jewittii Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 927.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 97.
‘Lea’ Haas, 1931. Senckenbergiana 13: 99.

Anodonta linneana Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 264.
Hanley, 1856. Cat. Rec. Bivalve Shells, Suppl.: 387.
Sowerby, 1870. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 35, sp. 144.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 646.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 431.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 14.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 364.
Parmalee & Bogan, 1998. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee: 206.
Watters et al., 2009. Freshw. Mussels OH: 260.

Anodonta marryattana Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 264.
Sowerby, 1870. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 28, sp. 111.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 642.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 422.
F.C. Baker, 1928. Bull. Wisconsin Geol. Nat. Hist. Survey 70(2): 157.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 365.

Anodonta nicaragua Tate, 1870
Philippi of Authors.
Tate, 1870. Amer. J. Conch. 5: 161.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [7].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 932.
Haas, 1930. Senckenbergiana 12(6): 324.

Anodonta ohioensis Agassiz, 1852
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Agassiz, 1852. Arch. Naturg. 18(1): 46.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 648.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 437.
Oesch, 1984. Missouri Naiades: 183 [as ‘Potamilus’].

Anodonta pennsylvanica Stark, 1828
‘Lamarck’ of Authors.
Stark, 1828. Elements Nat. Hist. 2: 89.
Lea, 1836. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 50.
Lea, 1838. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 30.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 49.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 263.
Sowerby, 1867. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 11, sp. 30.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 79.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 618.
Ortmann & Walker, 1922. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. (112): 40.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 22 [as ‘Strophitus undulatus-pennsylvanicus’].
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 373 [as ‘Strophitus undulatus pennsylvanicus’].

Anodonta rotundata Simpson, 1900
‘Trask’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 629.

Anodonta schlaflii Simpson, 1900
‘Mousson’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 648.

Anodonta shefferiana Simpson, 1900
‘Clessin’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 617.

Anodonta tabascoensis Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 646.

Anodonta tawi Simpson, 1900
‘Rang’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 902.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.

Anodonta wahlametensis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 629.
Arnold, 1908. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 34: 355.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 379.
Henderson, 1935. GSA, Spec. Pap. 3: 66.
Davis & Fuller, 1981. Malacologia 20: 219.
Mock et al., 2004. Molec. Ecol. 13: 1090.

Anodontes sirionis Simpson, 1900
‘d’Orbigny’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 918.
‘d’Orbigny’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1407.

Anodontites europae Simpson, 1900
‘Leach’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 624 [as ‘europæ’].
‘Leach’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 364 [as ‘europæ’].

Brazzaea jourdyi Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 907.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 1374.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1374.

Brazzaea lavigerina Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 907.
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1374.

Burtonia lavigerina Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 577.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 204.
Pain & Woodward, 1968. Rev. Zool. Botan. Afr. 77: 213.

Burtonia leopoldvillensis Simpson, 1900
‘Putzeys’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 577.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.

Burtonia livingstonensis Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 578.
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 205.

Cameronia lavigirina Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 910.

Cameronia randebeli Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 910.

Cameronia vynckii Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 910.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 86.

Chambardia letourneuxiana Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 902.
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1350.

Columba blainvilleana Ihering, 1890
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Ihering, 1890. Arch. Naturg. 56(1): 142.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 915.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1400.
Haas, 1931. Senckenbergiana 13: 102.
Morretes, 1949. Arqu. Mus. Paranaense 7: 28.
Bonetto, 1963. Physis 24: 11.
Parodiz & Bonetto, 1963. Malacologia 1(2): 206.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 81.
Figueiras, 1965. Comm. Soc. Malac. Uruguay 1(8): 252.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 577.
Haas, 1969. Treatise on Invert. Paleo: N465.
Mansur, 1970. Iheringia 39: 55.
Bonetto & Mansur, 1970. Acta Zool. Lilloana 27: 256.
Millard, 2001. Class. Moll. (3): 1074.
Simone, 2006. Land. Freshw. Moll. Brazil.: 289.

Cristaria (Crassitesta) radiata Simpson, 1900
Heude, 1881. Conch. Fluv. Nanking (7): pl. 52, fig. 96 [as ‘Dipsas parvus’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 586.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 236.

Cyprogenia irrorata var. pusilla Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 610.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 328.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_152004 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 18), Mammoth Cave (Green R.), Kentucky.

Diplodon beskeanus Lea, 1852
‘Dunker’ of Authors.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 39, Corrigenda et Addenda.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 61.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 875.
Ihering, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 139.
Figueiras, 1965. Comm. Soc. Malac. Uruguay 1(8): 238.
Parodiz, 1968. Sterkiana 30: 3.

Diplodon frenzellii Simpson, 1900
‘Ihering’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 882.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1264.

Diplodon greefianus Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 875.

Diplodon parallelipipedon d’Orbigny, 1846
‘Lea’ of Authors.
d’Orbigny, 1846. Voyage dans l’Amérique Méridionale 5: 609.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 884.
Corsi, 1900. Anais Mus. Nac. Montevideo 2: 447.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1274-1275.
Haas, 1930. Senckenbergiana 12: 189.
Morretes, 1949. Arqu. Mus. Paranaense 7: 18.
Parodiz, 1968. Sterkiana 30: 8.
Mansur, 1970. Iheringia 39: 83.
Quintana, 1982. Rev. Mus. Argentino Zoológicas 11: 128.
Simone, 2006. Land. Freshw. Moll. Brazil.: 260.

Diplodon (Dipldon) cuprinus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 883.

Diplodon (Hyridella s.s.) menziezi Simpson, 1900
‘Gray’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 889.
‘Gray’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1290.

Diplodon (s.s.) aureus Simpson, 1900
‘Swainson’ Küster, 1861. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 161, pl. 46, fig. 3 [as ‘Unio auratus’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 883.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1268.

Diplodon (s.s.) iheringi Simpson, 1914
‘Clessin’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894. [nomen nudum]
‘Clessin’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1272.
Type(s): SYNTYPES SMF_11312, Rio Guahyba, Rio Gr. do Sul, Bras.

Diplodon (s.s.) leai Simpson, 1900
‘Fer.’ Lea, 1836. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 32 [as ‘Margarita (Unio) modestus’]. [nomen nudum]
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 876, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1241.
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_85725, Brazil.

Diplodon (s.s.) suppositus Simpson, 1914
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 877. [nomen nudum]
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1245.
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_162374, Parana, Brazil.

Diplodon (s.s.) wagnerianum Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 877.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1246 [as ‘wagnerianus’].

Diplodon (s.s.) aethiops var. piricicabana Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 877.
Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM SMF_4031, Piracicaba, Geb. d Rio Tiete, St. Sao Paulo, Bras.

Dromus dromus Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 615.
Haas, 1930. Senckenbergiana 12(6): 317.
Haas, 1969. Treatise on Invert. Paleo: N452.
Stansbery, 1970. Malacologia 10(1): 18.
Millard, 2001. Class. Moll. (3): 1066.
Serb, 2006. J. Moll. Studies 72: 427.

Glabaris leotandi Lea, 1870
‘Guppy’ of Authors.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 83.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [7] [as ‘Anodonta leotandi’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 929.

Glabaris (s.s.) philippianus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 919.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1416.

Glabaris (s.s.) umbonatus Simpson, 1900
‘Gould’ Sowerby, 1870. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 29, sp. 115, fig. 115b [as ‘Anodon ciconia’]. [in part]
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 926, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1436.

Glabaris (sec. Virgula) falsus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 932, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1456.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_86711, Yuruari River.

Glabaris trapesialis var. cygnaeformis Simpson, 1900
‘Pilsbry’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 925.
‘Pilsbry’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1432.

Hyriopsis bialatus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 579.

Hyriopsis velthuzeni Simpson, 1900
‘Schepman’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 581.

Lamellidens canefrianus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 857, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1176.

Lamellidens marginalis var. hanleyi Simpson, 1900
Hanley & Theobald, 1872. Conch. Indica (3): 20, pl. 44, fig. 4 [as ‘Unio marginalis var. corriana’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 855.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1169.

Lampsilis australis Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 75, pl. 2, fig. 2.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 544.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 94.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_150473, Little Patsaliga Creek, Alabama.

Lampsilis brittsi Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 76, pl. 5, figs. 1-2.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 533.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 58.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_152700, Little Niangua Riv., Camden Co., Mo.

Lampsilis mearnsi Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 75, pl. 1, fig. 4.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 564.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 150.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE [AS HOLOTYPE] USNM_151549 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 14), Elm Cr., 27 mi from Ft. Clark, Texas.

Lampsilis tampecoensis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 570.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) texasensis var. compressus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 564.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 150.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_152059 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 11), Ft. Clark, Texas.

Lampsilis (Proptera) explicatus Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 571. [in part]

Lampsilis (Proptera) explicatus Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 571, footnote 4. [in part]

Lampsilis (Proptera) lividus Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Reeve, 1865. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 22, sp. 101 [as ‘Unio testudineus’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 571.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 174.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) BMNH_20190695 (by Cummings et al., 2025: 198), Rio Usumacinta, Guatemala.

Lampsilis (s.s.) binominatus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 528.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 42.

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ligamentina var. gibbus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 540.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 82.
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_160597, Black Rock, Arkansas.

Leguminaia (sec. Leguminaia) locardi Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 653.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 449.

Margaritana curreyana Lea, 1842
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: pl. 18, fig. 40.
Agassiz, 1852. Arch. Naturg. 18(1): 47.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 42.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 263.
Adams & Adams, 1857. Gen. Rec. Moll. 2(31-32): 499.
Sowerby, 1868. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 63, sp. 319.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 68.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [6].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 661.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 474.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 21.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 395.

Margaritana etowahensis Simpson, 1900
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 672.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 510.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 19.

Margaritana hembeli Simpson, 1900
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 679.
Ortmann, 1912. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 8: 235, fig. 3.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 523. [in part]
Clench & Turner, 1956. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 1: 148, pl. 5, fig. 1.

Margaritana vignoniana Paetel, 1890
‘Bernardi’ of Authors.
Paetel, 1890. Cat. Conch.-Samml. 3: 174.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 902.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1347.
Modell, 1964. Arch. Moll. 93: 84.

Margaron (Unio) nashvilliensis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 547.

Monocondylaea rhombica Simpson, 1900
‘Küster’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 836.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 295.

Monocondylaea tamsana Simpson, 1900
‘Dunker’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 913.
‘Dunker’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1392.

Mutela lavigerina Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 906.
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1367.

Mutelina thottoni Simpson, 1900
‘Rochebrune’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 906.

Nephronaias calimatarum Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 596.

Nephronaias reticulatus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 77, pl. 2, fig. 3.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 595.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 268.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_152964, Patook [=Patuca] River, Capunta, Honduras.

Nodularia bohmi Simpson, 1900
‘Martens’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 823.
‘Martens’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1036.

Nodularia cylindrica Simpson, 1900
Schrenck, 1867. Reise Forsch. Amurlande 2: 694, pl. 27, figs. 1-3 [as ‘Unio grayanus Lea’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 84 [as ‘cylindracea’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 807.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 958.

Nodularia radiota Simpson, 1900
‘Charmes’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 824.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 84.

Nodularia sobolus Simpson, 1900
‘Fischer’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 819.

Nodularia (s.s.) fischeriania Simpson, 1900
‘Morlet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 818.
‘Morlet’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1009.

Nodularia (sec. Cafferia) jickeli Simpson, 1900
‘Phil.’ Jickeli, 1874. Nova Acta Dtsch. Akad. Naturf. 37(1): 276, pl. 11, figs. 3-3b [as ‘U. teretiusculus’]. [in part]
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 826.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 579 [as ‘Unio jickeli’].

Nodularia (sec. Radiatula) lima Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 820.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1018.

Parreysia dumesleanus Simpson, 1900
‘Charmes’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 847.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 85.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1130.

Parreysia gowhattenensis Simpson, 1900
‘Theobald’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 845.

Parreysia hypsiprimnus Simpson, 1900
‘von Martens’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 849.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1136.
Haas, 1936. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 431: 68.
Woodward in Crowley et al., 1964. Annals Mus. R. Afr. Cent. 131: 47.

Parreysia simpularis Simpson, 1900
‘Heude’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 845.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1122.
Haas, 1924. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 38: 159.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 106.
He & Zhuang, 2013. Freshwater Bivalves China: 95.

Pilsbryoconcha lemsleyi Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 588.
Suvatti, 1950. Fauna Thailand: 109.

Pleurobema avellana Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 81, pl. 2, figs. 6-7.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 758.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 778.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE UMMZ_79653, Cahaba River, Alabama.

Pleurobema patsaligensis Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 82, pl. 2, fig. 1.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 761.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 788.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_150475, Little Patsaliga Creek, Alabama.

Pleurobema argentea pannosa Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 82.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 763.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 799.

Pleurobema brevis subelliptica Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 80.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 763 [as ‘subilliptica’].
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 801.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_159952, Hardy, Ark.

Pleurobema brevis var. subilliptica Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 763.

Pleurobema fassinans var. rhomboidea Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 762.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 798.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_133331 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 18), Clinch R., Va.

Pseudanodonta grateloupiana Lea, 1852
‘Gassies’ of Authors.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 49.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 77.
Bourguignat, 1880. Mater. Moll. Acécphales Syst. Europ. 1: 15, 29.
Westerlund, 1890. Fauna Paläarct. Binnenconch. 2(7): 303.
Locard, 1890. Contr. Faune Malacol. Franc. 14: 55 [11].
Servain, 1890. Bull. Soc. Malac. France 7: 301.
Locard, 1893. Coqu. Eau Douce Saumâtre France: 217.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 264.

Pseudodon loomisi Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 84, pl. 4, fig. 7.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 840.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1101.

Pseudodon mabillei Morlet, 1889
‘Rochebrune’ of Authors.
Morlet, 1889. J. de Conch. 37: 166.
Fischer, 1891. Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Autun 4: 220.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 840.

Ptychobranchus clintonensis Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 79, pl. 5, fig. 3.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 613.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 335.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_124615, Little Red R., near Clinton, Ark.

Ptychorhynchus incertus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 851.

Ptychorhynchus pfisteri var. inspiratus Simpson, 1900
‘Heude’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 851.
‘Heude’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1145.

Quadrula flexuosa Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 83, pl. 2, fig. 8.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 790.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 887.

Quadrula guatemalensis Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 52: 83, pl. 2, fig. 4.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 796.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 909.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (ORIG. DESIG.) USNM_128991, Usumacinta River, Guatemala.

Quadrula kirtlandiana Simpson, 1900
‘Conrad’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 791. [in part]
‘Conrad’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 891. [in part]

Quadrula lachrymosa Swainson, 1840
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 378.
Hanley, 1843. Illustr. Descr. Cat. Rec. Bivalve Shells: 177.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 256.
Adams & Adams, 1857. Gen. Rec. Moll. 2(31-32): 497.
Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 9, sp. 33.
Call, 1895. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 7: 21.
F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): 83, pl. 25, fig. 1; pl. 12, fig. 2.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 776.
Call, 1900. Ind. Dept. Geol. Nat. Res. (1899): 489.
Ortmann, 1909. Nautilus 22(10): 100.
Ortmann, 1909. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 5: 199.
Ortmann, 1910. Nautilus 23(11): 140.
Ortmann, 1910. Nautilus 23: 116.
Ortmann, 1912. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 8: 253.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 839, 841.
Vanatta, 1915. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 67: 556.
Ortmann & Walker, 1922. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. (112): 14, 16.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 47.
F.C. Baker, 1928. Bull. Wisconsin Geol. Nat. Hist. Survey 70(2): 84.
R.I. Johnson, 1980. Bull. MCZ 149(2): 90.
Vidrine, 1993. Histr. Distr. Freshw. Mussels LA: 53.
Strayer & Jirka, 1997. Pearly Mussels NY (26): 98.

Quadrula pyramidata Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 789. [in part]
Chadwick, 1906. unknown publication: 97.
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 889. [in part]

Quadrula (Discomya) radulosa var. rhomboidea Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 803.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 938.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_126472A, Sebroeang, Borneo.

Quadrula (Lamprotula) kouangensis Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 799, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 923 [as ‘konangensis’].

Quadrula (Lamprotula) ovata Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 801.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 933.

Quadrula (Lamprotula) similaris Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 799.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 924.

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) coccinea var. paupercula Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 789.

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) kirtlandiana var. minor Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 791.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 892.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_150155, Scott Co., Va.

Quadrula (sec. Rotundaria) granifera var. pusilla Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 795.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 906.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE MCZ_20176 (by R.I. Johnson, 1956: 131), Green River, Kentucky.

Shistodesmus spinosus Simpson, 1900
Heude, 1883. Conch. Fluv. Nanking (8): pl. 59, fig. 115 [as ‘Unio vestitus’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 804.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 941.

Spatha cailliaudi Martens, 1866
‘von Martens’ of Authors.
Martens, 1866. Malak. Blatt. 13: 102.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 89.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 896.
Pallary, 1909. Mém. Inst. Égypte 6(1): 83.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1316.
Type(s): SYNTYPES MNHN_MP_0196, Le Nil.

Spatha pangallicensis Simpson, 1900
‘Rochebrune’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 902.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1350.

Spatha protchi Simpson, 1900
‘Rochebrune’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 902.

Spatha wissmani Simpson, 1900
‘von Martens’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 896.
‘von Martens’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1315.

Spatha (Moncetia) lavigerina Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 901.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1346.

Spatha (Moncetia) monieti Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 901.

Spatha (Moncetia) rochebruneana Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 901.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 87.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1346.

Spatha (s.s.) lacustris Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 898.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1330.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE MRAC_57521, N. Nyassa, Karonga.

Trapezoideus peninsularis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Reeve, 1865. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 28, sp. 142 [as ‘Unio sumatrensis’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 859, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1186.
Type(s): TYPE BMNH_1964159, Sumatra.

Tritogonia tuberculata var. obesa Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 609.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 320.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_125669 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 16), Neches River, Big Eddy, Texas.

Truncilla (Scalenaria) sulcata var. delicata Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 520, footnote.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 16.
Type(s): SYNTYPE USNM_160853, Amherstburg, Michigan.

Unio aequitoria Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 823 [as ‘æquitoria’].

Unio aethiopiformis Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894. [nomen nudum]
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1312. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM MCZ_192369, Rio Camaquam, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Unio averillii Simpson, 1900
“Wright” of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 560.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 138.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 76.
R.I. Johnson, 1970. Bull. MCZ 140(6): 373.
R.I. Johnson, 1972. Bull. Fla. State Mus. 16(4): 237.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 159.

Unio bandanii Simpson, 1900
‘Küster’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 686.

Unio barrandii Simpson, 1900
‘Dupuy’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 692.
‘Dupuy’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 555.

Unio bigorrensis Lea, 1852
‘Millet’ Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 39.
‘Millet’ Küster, 1861. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 230.
‘Millet’ Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 63.
‘Locard’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 692.

Unio billotianus Simpson, 1900
‘Charmes’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 847.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 84.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1130.
Haas, 1936. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 431: 52.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 190.
Daget, 1998. Cat. Bivalves Africains: 65.

Unio bischoffi Simpson, 1914
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894 [as ‘bishoffi’]. [nomen nudum]
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1312. [nomen nudum]

Unio bishoffi Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894. [nomen nudum]

Unio bissellianus Lea, 1870
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 50.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 743.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 714.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 35.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 210.

Unio bleaverensis Simpson, 1900
‘Pætel’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 724.

Unio buckleyi Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 713.

Unio bythinicus Simpson, 1900
‘Kobelt’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 695.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 565.
Haas, 1940. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 24: 141.

Unio castus Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 708.

Unio cistelliformis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 716.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 641.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 29.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 228.
R.I. Johnson, 1970. Bull. MCZ 140(6): 317.
Davis et al., 1981. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 15: 135.
Davis, 1984. Malacologia 25(2): 631.
Williams et al., 1993. Fisheries 18(9): 11.
Haag, 2012. N. Amer. Freshw. Mussels: 73.

Unio crocodilarum Simpson, 1900
‘Morelet’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 702.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 591.
Haas, 1929. Senckenbergiana 11: 332.

Unio daniellii Simpson, 1900
‘Villa’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 891.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1298.

Unio dorbignyanus Simpson, 1900
‘Sowerby’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 866 [as ‘d’orbignyanus’].
‘Sowerby’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1208 [as ‘d’orbignyanus’].

Unio faidherbi Simpson, 1900
‘Jousseaume’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 822.
Kobelt, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 84.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1027.

Unio forscali Simpson, 1900
‘Parreyss’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 862. [nomen nudum]
‘Parreyss’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1192. [nomen nudum]

Unio granadensis Simpson, 1900
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 598.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 289 [corrected in corrigenda].
Morrison, 1943. Nautilus 57: 15.

Unio guahybae Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894. [nomen nudum]
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1312. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM SMF_168335, Guahyba, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil.

Unio hagnei Simpson, 1900
‘Strubell’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 862.

Unio hanleyanus Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 250.
Sowerby, 1866. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 46, sp. 249.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [3].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 759.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 780.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 42, sp. 175.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 256.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 13.
Turgeon et al., 1988. Am. Fisher. Soc. Spec. Publ. (16): 32.
Williams et al., 1993. Fisheries 18(9): 13.
Parmalee & Bogan, 1998. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee: 184.
Lydeard et al., 1999. Gulf Mex. Sci. 17(2): 129.

Unio hazelhurstianus B.H. Wright, 1888
‘Lea’ of Authors.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [3].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 719 [as ‘Unio (sec. Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 648.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 29 [as ‘Elliptio (Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 229 [as ‘Elliptio (Elliptio) hazelhurstianus’].
R.I. Johnson, 1970. Bull. MCZ 140(6): 333.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 164.

Unio hippopaeus Lea, 1852
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 21 [as ‘hippopæus’].
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 261 [as ‘hippopæus’].
Adams & Adams, 1857. Gen. Rec. Moll. 2(31-32): 497 [as ‘hippopæus’].
Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 11, sp. 40 [as ‘hippopæus’].
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 31 [as ‘hippopæus’].
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [3], [as ‘hippopæus’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 767 [as ‘hippopæa’].
Ortmann, 1909. Nautilus 22(10): 101 [as ‘Q. hippopæa’].
Ortmann, 1909. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 5: 203 [as ‘Quadrula undulata hippopæa’].
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 816 [as ‘hippopæa’].
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 61.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 287.
Clarke, 1973. Malacologia 13(1-2): 35.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 165.
Strayer & Jirka, 1997. Pearly Mussels NY (26): 98.
He & Zhuang, 2013. Freshwater Bivalves China: 27.

Unio houngdaranicus Simpson, 1900
‘Tapparone Canefri’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 844.
Preston, 1912. Rec. Ind. Mus. 7: 301.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1116.
Preston, 1915. Fauna Brit. India: 167.
Prashad, 1922. Rec. Ind. Mus. 24: 101.
Subba Rao, 1989. Freshw. Moll. India: 183.
Graf & Cummings, 2007. J. Moll. Studies 73: 311.
Bogan, 2010. FADA: [25].

Unio idgi Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 862.
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1193.

Unio ilqui Simpson, 1900
‘Soleilet’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 862.
‘Soleillet’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1193.

Unio koseretzi Simpson, 1900
‘Clessin’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1312.
Haas, 1930. Senckenbergiana 12: 182.
Bonetto, 1964. Physis 24(68): 327.
Parodiz, 1968. Sterkiana 30: 7.
Bonetto & Mansur, 1970. Acta Zool. Lilloana 27: 245.

Unio lawleyanus Kobelt, 1884
‘Gentiluomo’ of Authors.
Kobelt, 1884. Icon. Land- und Süssw.-Moll. 1: 65.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 683.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 533.
Haas, 1940. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. 24: 127.

Unio longitudinatus Simpson, 1900
‘Anton’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 862.
‘Anton’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1193.

Unio lortiti Simpson, 1900
‘Kobelt’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 690.

Unio lourdelli Simpson, 1900
‘Bourguignat’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 826.

Unio menziezianus Simpson, 1900
‘Reeve’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 889.

Unio microstictis Simpson, 1900
‘Heude’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 799.

Unio mitchelli Dall, 1895
Simpson in Dall, 1895. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 18: 5.
Simpson, 1896. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 18: 371, pl. 32, figs. 1-3.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 711.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 622.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE [AS HOLOTYPE] USNM_128364 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 15), Guadalupe R., Victoria Co., Texas.

Unio musicus Simpson, 1900
‘Spengler’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 744.

Unio nasutilus Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 735.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 691.
R.I. Johnson, 1970. Bull. MCZ 140(6): 334.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 167.
Bogan, 2002. Workbook Key Freshw. Biv. NC: Table 5.
Perkins et al., 2017. Conserv. Genet. 18: 752.
Inoue et al., 2018. Invert. Syst. 32: Table S2.

Unio navigoliformis Simpson, 1900
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 825.
‘Lea’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 575.

Unio newenhuisi Simpson, 1900
‘Schepman’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 803.

Unio oblatus Simpson, 1900
Lea, 1863. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 15: 193 [as ‘ablatus’].
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 13 [17], pl. 4, fig. 10.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 730.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_86001, Gaston Co., N.C.

Unio penisatus Simpson, 1900
‘Crosse & Fischer’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 853.
Haas, 1912. Conch. Cab. 9 (pt. 2, h. 46): 135.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1155.

Unio pequottianus Simpson, 1900
‘Linsley’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 744.
‘Linsley’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 731.

Unio phayresi Simpson, 1900
‘Theobald’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 842.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1107.
Preston, 1915. Fauna Brit. India: 155.

Unio planilaterus Lea, 1852
‘Conrad’ of Authors.
Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 32.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 51.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [4].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 722.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 653.

Unio platiolus Simpson, 1900
‘Rafinesque’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 744.
‘Rafinesque’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 731.

Unio popeii Fischer & Crosse, 1894
of Authors.
Fischer & Crosse, 1894. Miss. Sci. Mexique, Rech. Zool. 2(16): 605 [as ‘Unio (Graphonaias) popei’].
Martens, 1900. Biol. Centr.-Amer., Moll.: 504 [as ‘Unio (Nephronaias) popei’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 738 [as ‘Unio (sec. Elliptio)’]. [in part]
Pilsbry, 1910. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 61: 535. [in part]
Ortmann, 1912. Ann. Carnegie Mus. 8: 271 [as ‘Elliptio’].
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 700 [as ‘Unio (sec. Elliptio)’]. [in part]
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 38 [as ‘Elliptio (Popenaias)’]. [in part]
Haas, 1929. Senckenbergiana 11: 330 [as ‘Elliptio (Popenaias)’]. [in part]
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 201 [as ‘Nephronaias (Popenaias)’]. [in part]
Graf & Cummings, 2007. J. Moll. Studies 73: 308 [as ‘Popenaias’]. [in part]
Pfeiffer et al., 2019. Zool. Scripta 48: 504 [as ‘Popenaias’]. [in part]

Unio reevianus Conrad, 1853
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 256.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 538.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 74.
Utterback, 1916. Amer. Midl. Nat. 4(10): 449.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 73.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 437.
R.I. Johnson, 1980. Bull. MCZ 149(2): 132.
Oesch, 1984. Missouri Naiades: 225.
Turgeon et al., 1988. Am. Fisher. Soc. Spec. Publ. (16): 31.
Williams et al., 1993. Fisheries 18(9): 12.
Turgeon et al., 1998. Am. Fisher. Soc. Spec. Publ. (26): 35.
Graf & Cummings, 2007. J. Moll. Studies 73: 305.
Bogan, 2010. FADA: [web].
Cummings & Graf, 2010. Ecol. Class. N. Amer. FW Inverts.: 376.
Haag, 2012. N. Amer. Freshw. Mussels: 71 [as ‘Lampsilis reeviana’].

Unio sacellus Simpson, 1900
‘Drouet & Chaper’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 818.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1011.
Haas, 1924. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 38: 198.

Unio sapperi Ihering, 1901
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 571, footnote 4 [as ‘Unio explicatus’].
Ihering, 1901. Nautilus 15(5): 50.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (ORIG. DESIG.) SMF_3477, Río Chixoy, Nebemfld. Río Usumacinta, Guatemala.

Unio sebastanae Simpson, 1900
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 894. [nomen nudum]
‘von Ihering’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 1312. [nomen nudum]

Unio sowerbyanus Küster, 1852
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Küster, 1852. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 62.
Agassiz, 1852. Arch. Naturg. 18(1): 43.
Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 14, sp. 58.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 520.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 17.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 94.
Haas, 1969. Das Tierreich 88: 483.
Burch, 1975. Freshw. Unio. North Amer.: 173.
R.I. Johnson, 1978. Bull. MCZ 148: 280.
Parmalee & Bogan, 1998. The Freshwater Mussels of Tennessee: 91.

Unio subluridus Simpson, 1892
Simpson, 1892. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 15(911): 432, pl. 83, figs. 3-4.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 743.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_104002, Orange Springs, Volusia Co., Florida.

Unio sula Simpson, 1900
‘Theobald’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 678.
‘Theobald’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 521.

Unio tahetianus Simpson, 1900
‘Catlow & Reeve’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 744.
‘Catlow & Reeve’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 731.

Unio taniatus Simpson, 1900
‘Paetel’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 541.
‘Paetel’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 83.

Unio texasensis Lea, 1860
‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 359.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 59.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [5].
Pilsbry & Rhoads, 1896. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 48: 505.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 563.
Ortmann, 1915. Nautilus 28(12): 141.
Utterback, 1916. Amer. Midl. Nat. 4(9): 398.
Gordon et al., 1979. Bull. AMU (1979): 35, Table 3.
Cummings & Mayer, 1992. Freshw. Mussels Midwest (5): 134.
Vidrine, 1993. Histr. Distr. Freshw. Mussels LA: 169.
R.I. Johnson, 1999. Occ. Pap. Moll. 6(77): 34.
Bogan, 2010. FADA: [web].
ITIS, 2012. ITIS: [web].
Haag, 2012. N. Amer. Freshw. Mussels: 70 [as ‘Toxolasma texasensis’].
McMurray et al., 2012. Mo. Freshw. Mussels: 57 [as ‘Toxolasma texasense’].
Marshall et al., 2018. Amer. Malac. Bull. 36(1): 44.

Unio valentinus Simpson, 1900
‘Sowerby’ Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 692.
‘Sowerby’ Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 555.

Unio virginana Reeve, 1865
‘Lamarck’ of Authors.
Reeve, 1865. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 27, sp. 139.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 536.

Unio zonata Simpson, 1900
‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 744.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 731.
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 90.

Unio (sec. Elliptio) gibbosus var. delicatus Simpson, 1900
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 704.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 600.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_128797, St. Francis R., Greenway, Clay Co., Arkansas.

Unio (sec. Lymnium) pseudonymus Simpson, 1900
‘Bourg.’ Kobelt, 1886. Icon. Land- und Süssw.-Moll. 2: 22, pl. 41, fig. 255 [as ‘U. hueti’].
Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 694.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 560.

 
NSF icon MUSSEL icon
"Making the world a better place, one mollusk at a time."