species Epioblasma flexuosa (Rafinesque, 1820): synonymy

Obliquaria (Quadrula) flexuosa Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 306 [also as ‘Unio flexuosa’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 50.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE ANSP_20249, Kentucky River.

Truncilla flexuosa — Vanatta (1915)
Dysnomia (s.s.) flexuosa — Ortmann & Walker (1922), Frierson (1927), Haas (1930), Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Dysnomia flexuosa — F.C. Baker (1928), Stansbery (1970), Burch (1975)
Plagiola (Epioblasma) flexuosa — Morrison (1969), R.I. Johnson (1978)
Plagiola flexuosa — R.I. Johnson (1980)
Epioblasma flexuosa — Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), Williams et al. (1993), Bogan (1993), Cummings & Mayer (1997), ... Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), FMCS (2025)

Obliquaria (Quadrula) flexuosa var. bullata Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 307.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 51.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Obliquaria (Quadrula) flexuosa Rafinesque, 1820)

Epioblasma flexuosa — Watters et al. (2009)

Unio foliatus Hildreth, 1828

Hildreth, 1828. Amer. J. Sci. 14: 284, figs. 16a-b.

Truncilla (Dysnomia) foliata — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) foliatus — Call (1900)
Truncilla flexuosa — Vanatta (1915)
Dysnomia (s.s.) flexuosa — Ortmann & Walker (1922), Frierson (1927), Haas (1930), Haas (1969)
Dysnomia flexuosa — F.C. Baker (1928), Burch (1975)
Epioblasma (s.s.) foliatum — Thiele (1934)
Plagiola (Epioblasma) flexuosa — Morrison (1969), R.I. Johnson (1978)
Epioblasma flexuosa — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio flexuosus ‘Rafinesque’ of Authors

‘Rafinesque’ of Authors.
Conrad, 1835. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(1): 8, pl. 6, fig. 2.
Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 6, sp. 22; pl. 13, fig. 53.
(reference to Obliquaria (Quadrula) flexuosa Rafinesque, 1820)

Truncilla (Dysnomia) foliata — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)

Unio (Cunicula) foliacia Swainson, 1840

‘Say’ Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 274.
(error for Unio foliatus Hildreth, 1828)