species Pleuronaia barnesiana (Lea, 1838): synonymy

Unio barnesianus Lea, 1838

Lea, 1836. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 20. [nomen nudum]
Lea, 1838. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 6 [O. 2]: 31, pl. 10, fig. 26.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84586, Cumberland R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1923), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925), Burch (1975), ... Graf & Cummings (2007), Burdick & White (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), ITIS (2012), Klymus et al. (2020)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesiana — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), IUCN (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), ... Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), FMCS (2025), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio bigbyensis Lea, 1841

Lea, 1841. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 30.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 237 [75], pl. 22, fig. 51.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84579, Bigby Cr., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyensis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) bigbyense — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensis — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Fusconaia barnesiana var. bigbyensis — Ortmann (1923)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesiana — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio tumescens Lea, 1845

Lea, 1845. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4: 164.
Lea, 1848. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 4]: 71 [45], pl. 3, fig. 7.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84646, Alexandria, La.

Pleurobema (s.s.) tumescens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescens — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescens — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio meredithii Lea, 1858

Lea, 1858. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 10: 40.
Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 8]: 65 [69], pl. 6, fig. 214.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84393, Florence, Ala.

Pleurobema (s.s.) meredithii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1925), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic] — Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meredithii — Haas (1969)
Pleurobema meredithii — Burch (1975)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)
Pleurobema meredithi — ITIS (2012)

Unio pudicus Lea, 1860

Lea, 1860. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 92.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 346 [28], pl. 56, fig. 171.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_84553, N Alabama.

Pleurobema (s.s.) pudica — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1925), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudica — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio ornatus Lea, 1861

Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 41.
Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 8]: 85 [89], pl. 11, fig. 234.
(homonym of Unio ovatus var. ornatus Conrad, 1835)
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85854, Alabama.

Pleurobema (s.s.) ornata — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) ornatum — Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema oviforme — Ortmann (1918), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) munda — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Bieler (2021), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio raveneliensis Reeve, 1864

‘Lea’ Reeve, 1864. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 16, sp. 70.
(misidentified reference to Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834; error for Unio ravenelianus Lea, 1834)

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianum — Simpson (1914)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio lyonii Lea, 1865

Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 259 [19], pl. 32, fig. 74.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85804, E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) lyonii — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) pudica — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio fassinans Lea, 1868

Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 143.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 305 [65], pl. 47, fig. 118.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84926, headwaters of Holston R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Pleurobema fassinans — Ortmann (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensis — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) argentea — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Margaron (Unio) fascinans ‘Lea’ of Authors

‘Lea’ of Authors.
Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 42.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [2].
Pilsbry & Rhoads, 1896. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 48: 502 [as ‘Unio fascinans’].
(error for Unio fassinans Lea, 1868)

Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensis — Ortmann (1918)

Unio meredithii Lea, 1870

Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: ??.
(reference to Unio meredithii Lea, 1858)

Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975)

Unio crudus Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 190.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 14 [18], pl. 4, fig. 10.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85841, French Broad R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) cruda — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) crudum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescens — Ortmann (1918), Ortmann (1924), Ortmann (1925)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescens — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio radiosus Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 192.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 13 [17], pl. 3, fig. 9.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84647, Holston R., E. Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) tumescens — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana tumescens — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) tumescens — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio validus Lea, 1871

Lea, 1871. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 23: 189.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 6 [10], pl. 1, fig. 2.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84583, Duck R., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) valida — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) validum — Simpson (1914)
Unio validus — de Gregorio (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1924), Burch (1975)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) valida — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio lenticularis Lea, 1872

Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 155.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 30 [34], pl. 9, fig. 27.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85761, Tellico R., Monroe Co., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticularis — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) lenticulare — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii [sic] — Frierson (1927)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meredithii — Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio tellicoensis Lea, 1872

Lea, 1872. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 24: 155.
Lea, 1874. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8 [O. 13]: 31 [35], pl. 10, fig. 28.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_84576, Tellico R., Monroe Co., Tenn.

Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesiana — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) barnesianum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Ortmann (1918), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesiana — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Quadrula (Pleuronaia) meridithii ‘Lea’ of Authors

‘Lea’ of Authors.
B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [4].
Frierson, 1927. Check List N. Amer. Naiades: 58, sp. 253.
(error for Unio meredithii Lea, 1858)

Pleurobema fassinans var. rhomboidea Simpson, 1900

Simpson, 1900. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. 22: 762.
Simpson, 1914. Descr. Cat. Naiades: 798.
(intro'd as intra-sp. of Unio fassinans Lea, 1868)
Type(s): LECTOTYPE USNM_133331 (by R.I. Johnson, 1975: 18), Clinch R., Va.

Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboidea — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) fassinans var. rhomboideum — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia barnesiana bigbyensis — Ortmann (1918)
Quadrula (Pleuronaia) barnesiana — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Fusconaia barnesiana — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Pleuronaia barnesiana — Williams et al. (2008), Schilling et al. (2025)

Unio eastbrookianus Conrad, 1853

‘Lea’ Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 248.
(error for Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845)

Unio subrotundus Sowerby, 1866

‘Lea’ Sowerby, 1866. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 37, sp. 201.
(misidentified reference to Unio subrotundus Lea, 1831)

Pleurobema (s.s.) pudica — Simpson (1900)
Pleurobema (s.s.) pudicum — Simpson (1914)

Unio estabrookii Lea, 1868

‘Lea’ Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 317 [77].
(error for Unio estabrookianus Lea, 1845)

Pleuronaia barnesiana — Bieler (2021)

Unio tumesceus B.H. Wright, 1888

‘Lea’ B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [6].
(error for Unio tumescens Lea, 1845)