species Reginaia ebenus (Lea, 1831): synonymy

Amblema antrosa Rafinesque, 1820

(new name for Obovaria pachostea Rafinesque, 1820)
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 322.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 64.

Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia antrosa — Haas (1969)
Amblema antrosa — Burch (1975)
Fusconaia ebena — Vidrine (1993), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), He & Zhuang (2013)

Obovaria pachostea Rafinesque, 1820

(renamed Amblema antrosa Rafinesque, 1820)
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 312 [also as ‘U. pachostea’]. [nomen dubium]
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 55.

Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia antrosa — Haas (1969)
“Plethobasus pachosteus” ** — Morrison (1969)
Obovaria pachostea — Burch (1975)
“Plethobasus cicatricosus” ** — R.I. Johnson (1980)
Fusconaia ebena — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), He & Zhuang (2013)

Obovaria obovalis Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1818. Amer. Mon. Mag. 3: 355 [as ‘Potamilus obovalis’]. [nomen nudum]
Rafinesque, 1819. Jour. Phys. Chim. Hist. Nat. 88: 426 [as ‘U. (Obovaria) obovalis’]. [nomen nudum]
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 311 [also as ‘Unio obovalis’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 23, 29, 54.
LECTOTYPE ANSP_20244, Ohio River.

Quadrula obovalis — Vanatta (1915)
Fusconaia ebenus — Ortmann & Walker (1922)
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia antrosa — Haas (1969)
Obovaria obovalis — Burch (1975)
Fusconaia ebena — Oesch (1984), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), He & Zhuang (2013)

Obliquaria (Rotundaria) pusilla Rafinesque, 1820

Rafinesque, 1818. Amer. Mon. Mag. 3: 355 [as ‘Potamilus pusillus’]. [nomen nudum]
Rafinesque, 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 5 (13): 308 [also as ‘Unio pusilla’].
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 23, 52.

Unio buxeus — Vanatta (1915)
Fusconaia pusilla — Morrison (1969)
Obliquaria pusilla — Burch (1975)
Fusconaia ebena — R.I. Johnson (1980), He & Zhuang (2013)

Unio ebenus Lea, 1831

Lea, 1831. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4 [O. 1]: 84 [94], pl. 9, fig. 14.
HOLOTYPE USNM_85792, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) ebenus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) ebenus — Call (1900)
Fusconaia ebenus — Ortmann (1912), Ortmann & Walker (1922), Ortmann (1925), F.C. Baker (1928), Burch (1975), Mathiak (1979)
Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) (Group of Q. subrotunda) ebenus — Simpson (1914)
Unio ebenus, var. — de Gregorio (1914)
Fusconaia ebena — Utterback (1915), Gordon et al. (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980), Davis & Fuller (1981), Oesch (1984), ... Breton et al. (2011), ITIS (2012), IUCN (2012), McMurray et al. (2012), He & Zhuang (2013)
Quadrula obovalis — Vanatta (1915)
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia antrosa — Haas (1969)
Fusconaia pusilla — Morrison (1969)
Reginaia ebenus — Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Campbell & Lydeard (2012), Inoue et al. (2013), Williams et al. (2017), Zieritz et al. (2018), ... FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), FMCS (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026), Barraza et al. (2026)
Reginaia ebena — Haag (2012), Pfeiffer et al. (2016), Chase et al. (2018), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Inoue et al. (2020), Hauck et al. (2023)

Unio obovalis Say, 1834

(reference to Obovaria obovalis Rafinesque, 1820)
‘R.’ Say, 1834. Amer. Conch. 1(6): sp. 36 [synonymy].

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) ebenus — Simpson (1900)
Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) (Group of Q. subrotunda) ebenus — Simpson (1914)
Fusconaia ebena — Watters et al. (2009), He & Zhuang (2013)

Unio obovata Conrad, 1834

(error for Obovaria obovalis Rafinesque, 1820)
‘Raf.’ Conrad, 1834. New Fresh-Water Shells: 69.

Pleurobema cordata — Ortmann & Walker (1922)

Unio obliqua ‘Lamarck’ of Authors

(misidentified reference to Unio obliqua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ of Authors.
Ferussac, 1835. Mag. Zool. 5(59-60): 28.
Conrad, 1837. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(9): 77, pl. 43, fig. 2.

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) ebenus — Simpson (1900)
Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) (Group of Q. subrotunda) ebenus — Simpson (1914)
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia antrosa — Haas (1969)
Fusconaia ebena — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio subrotundus Call, 1894

(misidentified reference to Unio subrotundus Lea, 1831)
‘Lea’ Call, 1894. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 1893(3): ??.

Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)

Unio globatus Call, 1894

(misidentified reference to Unio globatus Lea, 1871)
Call, 1894. Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci. 1893(3): ??.

Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)

Unio pusella Lea, 1836

(error for Obliquaria (Rotundaria) pusilla Rafinesque, 1820)
‘Rafinesque’ Lea, 1836. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 59.
‘Rafinesque’ Lea, 1852. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 58.
‘Rafinesque’ Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 92.

Fusconaia ebena — He & Zhuang (2013)

Unio (s.s.) mytiloides Swainson, 1840

(misidentified reference to Pleurobema mytiloides Rafinesque, 1820)
‘Rafinesque’ Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 269-270, figs. 52-53; 292 [as ‘mytilïodes’].

Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) ebenus — Simpson (1900)
Quadrula (sec. Fusconaia) (Group of Q. subrotunda) ebenus — Simpson (1914)
Quadrula (Fusconia [sic]) antrosa — Frierson (1927)
Fusconaia ebena — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Watters et al. (2009)

Unio mytiliodes Swainson, 1840

(error for Unio (s.s.) mytiloides Swainson, 1840)
Swainson, 1840. Treat. Malacol.: 292.