Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini

genus Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831: synonymy

10 Recent freshwater species (10 total species)

Synonymy

Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831

(renamed Toxelasma Agassiz, 1846)
Rafinesque, 1831. Continuation: 2.
Rafinesque, 1864. [in] Binney & Tryon, reprint: 72.
Type species: Toxolasma lividus Rafinesque, 1831 (sub. desig. by Frierson, 1914: 7) = Toxolasma lividum

Toxelasma Agassiz, 1846

(new name for Toxolasma Rafinesque, 1831)
Agassiz, 1846. Nomencl. Zool. Index Univ.: 373.
Thiele, 1934. Handb. Syst. Weichtierk. 3: 835 [1271].
Type species: Toxolasma lividus Rafinesque, 1831 = Toxolasma lividum

Corunculina F.C. Baker, 1898

(incorrect original spelling of Carunculina F.C. Baker, 1898)
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): 109.
Type species: Unio parvus Barnes, 1823 = Toxolasma parvum

Carunculina F.C. Baker, 1898

(intro'd as sub-gen. of Lampsilis Rafinesque, 1820; correct name for Corunculina F.C. Baker, 1898)
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): 109 [as ‘Corunculina’].
Simpson in F.C. Baker, 1898. Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci. 3(1): index and errata.
Type species: Unio parvus Barnes, 1823 (monotypy) = Toxolasma parvum

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

The Taxonomic History lists the ways authors have classified the species currently assigned to Toxolasma, since 1900.

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) — Simpson (1900), Ortmann (1909), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) — Call (1900)
Lampsilis — Simpson (1900), Ortmann (1909)
Carunculina — Ortmann (1910), Ortmann (1915), Ortmann (1915), Utterback (1916), Ortmann & Walker (1922), ... Gordon et al. (1979), Mathiak (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980), Mackie et al. (1980), Davis & Fuller (1981)
Eurynia (Carunculina) — Ortmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) — Simpson (1914)
Unio — de Gregorio (1914)
Toxolasma — Ortmann (1918), Morrison (1969), Oesch (1984), Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), ... Freeman et al. (2025), Chen et al. (2025), FMCS (2025), Cummings et al. (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026)
Toxelasma — Thiele (1934)