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The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Leaunio species Leaunio lienosus (Conrad, 1834): synonymy
17 specimens + 2 Genbank vouchers Unio lienosus Conrad, 1834
 Conrad, 1834. Amer. J. Sci. 25(2): 339, pl. 1, fig. 4.
Conrad, 1836. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 1(7): 60, pl. 34, fig. 2.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 251.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE ANSP_9747, Alabama R., Ala.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus — Simpson (1900)
Eurynia (Micromya) lienosa — Ortmann (1912), Ortmann (1916), Utterback (1916)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa — Simpson (1914)
Micromya lienosa — Ortmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956), Williams et al. (1993)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Gordon et al. (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980), Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), ... Keogh & Simons (2019), Porto-Hannes et al. (2019), Inoue et al. (2020), Fukata & Iigo (2020), Hauck et al. (2023)
Villosa lienosa lienosa — Oesch (1984)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018)
V. lienosa — Marshall et al. (2018)
Leaunio lienosus — Burlakova et al. (2019), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Rogers et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), ... Wu et al. (2024), Dai et al. (2024), Wu et al. (2024), Chen et al. (2025), FMCS (2025)
Leaunio lienosa — Dai et al. (2025) | |
Unio saxeus Conrad, 1838
Conrad, 1838. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 2(11): back cover.
Conrad, 1840. Monogr. Fam. Unionidae 2(12): 109, pl. 60, fig. 1.
Conrad, 1853. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6: 257.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Howells et al. (1996), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Villosa lienosa lienosa — Oesch (1984)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio haleianus Lea, 1842
  Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 247 [85], pl. 27, fig. 63.
Lea, 1843. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 2: 224.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85306, Alexandria, La.
Lampsilis (Carunculina) haleianus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) haleiana — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina parva-haleiana — Frierson (1927)
Carunculina parva parva — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Vidrine (1993)
Toxolasma parvus — Howells et al. (1996), R.I. Johnson (1999)
Toxolasma texasensis — Parmalee & Bogan (1998) | |
Unio caliginosus Lea, 1845
 Lea, 1845. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4: 165.
 Lea, 1848. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 4]: 79 [53], pl. 7, fig. 21.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85108, Red R., Alexandria, Louisiana.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Howells et al. (1996), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Villosa lienosa lienosa — Oesch (1984)
Leaunio lienosus caliginosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio gouldii Lea, 1845
 Lea, 1845. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 4: 165.
 Lea, 1848. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 4]: 76 [50], pl. 6, fig. 16.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85160, Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
Lampsilis (Proptera) gouldii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio nigerrimus Lea, 1852
  Lea, 1852. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 268, pl. 18, fig. 23.
Lea, 1852. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 251. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85307, Alexandria, Louisiana.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nigerrimus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nigerrima — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Vidrine (1993), Howells et al. (1996), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus caliginosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio proximus Lea, 1852
  Lea, 1852. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 10 [O. 5]: 271 [27], pl. 20, fig. 27.
Lea, 1852. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 5: 252. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85131, Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ogeecheensis — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) ogeecheensis — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa delumbis — R.I. Johnson (1970), Burch (1975)
Villosa lienosa — Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio apicinus Lea, 1857
Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 32.
Lea, 1858. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 6]: 76, pl. 14, fig. 56.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) apicinus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) apicina — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
— Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio concestator Lea, 1857
 Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 31.
Lea, 1858. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 6]: 66, pl. 12, fig. 48.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85102, Columbus, Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Howells et al. (1996), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio fallax Lea, 1857
Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 32.
Lea, 1858. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 6]: 79, pl. 15, fig. 59.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio intercedens Lea, 1857
 Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 32.
Lea, 1858. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 6]: 77, pl. 15, fig. 57.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85122, Columbus, Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio obfuscus Lea, 1857
 Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 9: 172.
Lea, 1859. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 7]: 197 [15], pl. 22, fig. 80.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85089, Flint R., Macon Ga.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) gracilior — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) gracilior — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) gracilior — Frierson (1927)
Ligumia gracilior — Haas (1969)
Villosa vibex — R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Villosa lienosa — Williams et al. (2008), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio subellipsis Lea, 1857
 Lea, 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 8: 262.
Lea, 1858. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 6]: 62, pl. 10, fig. 44.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85095, creeks near Columbus, Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) vibex — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) vibex — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa vibex — Clench & Turner (1956), R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Ligumia stagnalis — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Williams et al. (2008), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio prattii Lea, 1858
 Lea, 1858. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 10: 166.
Lea, 1859. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 7]: 206 [24], pl. 24, figs. 88-88a.
Type(s): POSSIBLE SYNTYPES USNM_85145, Roswell, Cobb Co., Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) prattii — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) prattii — Simpson (1914)
Unio prattii, var. — de Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) prattii — Frierson (1927)
Ligumia prattii — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio dispar Lea, 1860
 Lea, 1860. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 305.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 327 [9], pl. 51, fig. 153.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85101, Columbus, Georgia.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) dispar — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) dispar — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex-dispar — Frierson (1927)
Villosa vibex — Clench & Turner (1956), R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Ligumia vibex — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Williams et al. (2008), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio linguaeformis Lea, 1860
 Lea, 1860. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 12: 305 [as ‘linguæformis’].
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 8]: 345, pl. 56, fig. 170 [as ‘linguæformis’].
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85259, Columbus, Ga.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosa — Simpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosus — Ortmann (1918)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia nebulosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio contiguus Lea, 1861
 Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 392.
 Lea, 1862. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 5 [O. 9]: 199 [21], pl. 28, fig. 268.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85120, Stewarts Mill Dam, Union Co., N.C.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) delumbis — Frierson (1927)
Ligumia delumbis — Haas (1969)
Villosa delumbis — R.I. Johnson (1970), Burch (1975)
Villosa lienosa — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio bicaelatus Reeve, 1865
 Reeve, 1865. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 26, sp. 130 [as ‘bi-cælatus’].
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Nodularia laevirostris — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosa — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio fuligo Reeve, 1865
 Reeve, 1865. Conch. Icon. 16: pl. 30, sp. 159.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nigerrimus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nigerrima — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
— Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio fontanus Conrad, 1866
 Conrad, 1866. Amer. J. Conch. 2: 279, pl. 15, fig. 3.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE ANSP_56458, Vicksburg, Miss.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Howells et al. (1996), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009)
Villosa lienosa lienosa — Oesch (1984)
Leaunio lienosus caliginosus — Watters (2018) | |
Unio unicostatus B.H. Wright, 1899
 B.H. Wright, 1899. Nautilus 13: 79.
Type(s): USNM_159966, Spring Creek, Decatur Co., Ga.
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus var. unicostatus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa var. unicostata — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Williams et al. (2008), Watters et al. (2009), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014)
Leaunio lienosus unicostatus — Watters (2018) | |
Leaunio lienosus aquilonius Watters, 2018
Watters, 2018. Visaya, Suppl. (10): 37, pl. 19.
Leaunio lienosus aquilonius — Watters (2018) | |
Leaunio lienosus ouachitaensis Watters, 2018
Watters, 2018. Visaya, Suppl. (10): 40, pl. 21.
Leaunio lienosus ouachitaensis — Watters (2018) | |
Unio bicoelatus Lea, 1870
‘Reeve’ Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 63 [as ‘bicœlatus’]. | |
Unio calliginosus Lea, 1870
‘Lea’ Lea, 1870. Synopsis Fam. Naiades: 45. | |
Unio haleanus Singley, 1893
Singley, 1893. Geol. Surv. Texas (1892): 321. | |
Taxonomic History (since 1900)Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) haleianus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Proptera) gouldii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nigerrimus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) ogeecheensis — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) apicinus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) gracilior — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) vibex — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) prattii — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) dispar — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) nebulosus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) lienosus var. unicostatus — Simpson (1900)
Eurynia (Micromya) lienosa — Ortmann (1912), Ortmann (1916), Utterback (1916)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) haleiana — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nigerrima — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) ogeecheensis — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) apicina — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) concestator — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) gracilior — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) vibex — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) prattii — Simpson (1914)
Unio prattii, var. — de Gregorio (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) dispar — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) nebulosa — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) lienosa var. unicostata — Simpson (1914)
Eurynia nebulosus — Ortmann (1918)
Micromya lienosa — Ortmann (1925)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) lienosa — Frierson (1927)
Carunculina parva-haleiana — Frierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) gracilior — Frierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) prattii — Frierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) vibex-dispar — Frierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) nebulosa — Frierson (1927)
Lampsilis (Ligumia) delumbis — Frierson (1927)
Nodularia laevirostris — Frierson (1927)
Villosa lienosus — Clench & Turner (1956), Williams et al. (1993)
Villosa vibex — Clench & Turner (1956), R.I. Johnson (1970), R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), Parmalee & Bogan (1998), Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Ligumia lienosa — Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva parva — Haas (1969)
— Haas (1969)
Ligumia gracilior — Haas (1969)
Ligumia stagnalis — Haas (1969)
Ligumia prattii — Haas (1969)
Ligumia vibex — Haas (1969)
Ligumia nebulosa — Haas (1969)
Ligumia delumbis — Haas (1969)
Villosa delumbis — R.I. Johnson (1970), Burch (1975)
Villosa lienosa — Burch (1975), Gordon et al. (1979), R.I. Johnson (1980), Turgeon et al. (1988), Cummings & Mayer (1992), ... Keogh & Simons (2019), Porto-Hannes et al. (2019), Inoue et al. (2020), Fukata & Iigo (2020), Hauck et al. (2023)
Villosa lienosa lienosa — Oesch (1984)
Toxolasma parvus — Howells et al. (1996), R.I. Johnson (1999)
Toxolasma texasensis — Parmalee & Bogan (1998)
Leaunio lienosus lienosus — Watters (2018)
V. lienosa — Marshall et al. (2018)
Leaunio lienosus caliginosus — Watters (2018)
Leaunio lienosus unicostatus — Watters (2018)
Leaunio lienosus aquilonius — Watters (2018)
Leaunio lienosus ouachitaensis — Watters (2018)
Leaunio lienosus — Burlakova et al. (2019), Pfeiffer et al. (2019), Rogers et al. (2020), Graf & Cummings (2021), FMCS (2021), ... Wu et al. (2024), Dai et al. (2024), Wu et al. (2024), Chen et al. (2025), FMCS (2025)
Leaunio lienosa — Dai et al. (2025)
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