MUSSELpdb
Taxonomy
Species & Genus Richness of
freshwater mussels
by Taxonomy
Species & Genus Richness of
freshwater bivalves
by Family
Geography
Species Richness & Endemism of
freshwater mussels
by Geography
Data last updated
Sun 12 April 2026
Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini
genus Ortmanniana Frierson, 1927: cladomics
2 Recent valid species (2 total species)
Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!
The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.
The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.
Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.
For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!
Cladomics Summary
number of species = 2 (2 total)
analyzed in 58 cladograms in 34 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2 (mean = 1.1, median = 1)
Basic Monophyly
number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 6
maximum number of included terminals = 2, (mean = 2 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0
Pairwise Cladogram Clustering
The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.
Cladograms
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14
** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 27 | 0 | 3 | 630 | 91 | 26 | 0 |
+-------- Potamilus_inflatus
+--------+
| | +----- Potamilus_ohiensis
| +--+
| | +-- Potamilus_amphichaenus
| +--+
+-----------------------------------+ +-- Potamilus_streckersoni
| |
| | +----- Potamilus_fragilis__2
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Potamilus_fragilis__1
| |
| | +----------- Potamilus_metnecktayi
| | |
| +--+ +-------- Potamilus_alatus__3
| | |
| +--+ +----- Potamilus_alatus__2
--+ | |
| +--+----- Potamilus_purpuratus__2
| |
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus__1
| +--+
| +-- Potamilus_purpuratus__1
|
| +-- Villosa_villosa
| +-----------------------------------------------+
| | +-- Atlanticoncha
| |
| | +-- Cambarunio_nebulosus
| | +--------------------------------------------+
+--+ | +-- Ligumia
| |
| | +-------- Leaunio_umbrans
| | +-----------------------------------+
| | | | +----- Cambarunio_taeniatus
+--+ | +--+
| | | +-- Cambarunio_iris
| | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio_simus
| |
| | +----------------------------------------- Hamiota
| | |
+--+ | +----------------------- Pachynaias
| | |
| | +--------------+ +-------------------- Sagittunio
| | | | |
| | | | | +----- Ellipsaria
| | | +--+ +-----------+
| | | | | | +-- Potamilus_capax
| | | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Truncilla
+--+ | +--+
| | | +----- Medionidus_acutissimus
| | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Lemiox
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Medionidus_penicillatus
| | |
| | | +----------- Ptychobranchus
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Cyprogenia_aberti__2
| | | +-----+
+--+ | | +-- Dromus
| +--+
| | +----- Cyprogenia_stegaria__2
| +--+
| | +-- Cyprogenia_aberti__1
| +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia_stegaria__1
|
| +-- Villosa_delumbis
| +--------------------------------+
| | +-- Villosa_vibex
| |
| | +-------------- Obovaria_olivaria
| | |
| | +-----------------+ +-- Venustaconcha
| | | | +--------+
| | | | | +-- Epioblasma
| | | +--+
| | | | +-------- Obovaria_retusa
+--+ | +--+
| | | +----- Obovaria_choctawensis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Obovaria_unicolor
| | +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
| |
| | +-- Mesonaias
| | +-----------------------+
| | | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| | |
+--+ +--+ +-- Lampsilis_splendida
| | | +--------------------+
| | | | +-- Lampsilis_bracteata
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_fasciola
| | | +-----------------+
| | | | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa **
| | +--+
| | | +----------------- Lampsilis_ornata
| | | |
| | +--+ +-------------- Lampsilis_ovata__2
| | | |
| | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_dolabraeformis
| | | |
| | | | +----- Lampsilis_cardium__2
| | +--+ +--+
| | | | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__1
+--+ | | +--+
| +--+ +-- Lampsilis_satura
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_cariosa__2
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_ovata__1
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_cariosa__1
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina__2 **
| +--------------+
| | | +-------- Lampsilis_abrupta
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_higginsii__2
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina__1 **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_higginsii__1
|
| +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Leaunio_lienosus
| | +--+
| | +-- Leaunio_vanuxemensis
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_floridensis
| +-----------------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_teres
| |
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__1
+--+ |
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea__2
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_powellii__1
| | |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_powellii__2
|
| +-------------- Lampsilis_sietmani
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_straminea__2
| +--------+
| | +-- Lampsilis_virescens
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_hydiana__2
+--+
| +----- Lampsilis_hydiana__1
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_bergmanni
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_straminea__1
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 38 | 0 | 2 | 100 | 41 | 22 | 58 |
+----- Obliquaria
+--------+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| +--+
| +-- Glebula
|
| +----------- Sagittunio
| |
| +----------- Leaunio
| |
| +----------- Potamilus
| |
| +----------- Hamiota
| |
| | +-- Ellipsaria
--+ +--------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_teres
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| |
| | +----- Villosa
| +-----+
| | | +-- Ligumia
| | +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| |
+--+ +-------- Ortmanniana_pectorosa **
+--+
| | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +-------- Obovaria_olivaria
| |
| +-------- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
+--+
| +-------- Epioblasma
| |
| | +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| +--+
| +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
|
| +-- Ptychobranchus
| +-----+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| |
+--+ +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| |
| | +-- Lemiox
+--+--+
| +-- Medionidus_acutissimus
|
| +-- Dromus
+--+
+-- Cyprogenia
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 23 | 0 | 2 | 54 | 46 | 22 | 42 |
+-- Cyrtonaias
+--------------------------------+
| +-- Glebula
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Paetulunio
| |
| | +-- Obliquaria
+--+ +--------------------------+
| | +-- Toxolasma
| |
| | +-------------------------- Sagittunio
+--+ |
| | +----------- Potamilus
| | |
| | +-----------+ +-- Medionidus_conradicus
| | | | +-----+
+--+ | | | +-- Ptychobranchus
| | +--+
| | | +----- Medionidus_acutissimus
| | | |
| | +--+----- Lemiox
| | |
| | | +-- Dromus
+--+ +--+
| +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----- Lampsilis_teres
| +--------------+
| | | +-- Truncilla
| | +--+
| | +-- Ellipsaria
| |
+--+ +----------------- Leaunio
| |
| | +----------- Hamiota
| | |
| | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_fasciola
+--+ | | +-----+
| | | | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa **
| | +--+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_ovata
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_cardium
|
| +----- Venustaconcha
| +-----+
| | | +-- Obovaria
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Epioblasma
|
| +-------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
| +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
+--+
| +-- Cambarunio
+--+
+-- Ligumia
Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 39 | 34 | 19 | 34 |
+----------------------- Obliquaria | | +-- Medionidus | +--+ | | +-- Lemiox --+ +--------------+ | | | +-- Cyprogenia | | +--+ | | +-- Ptychobranchus | | +--+ +-------- Potamilus | +--------+ | | | +----- Atlanticoncha | | +--+ | | | +-- Ellipsaria | | +--+ +--+ +-- Truncilla | | +-- Hamiota | +-----------+ | | +-- Villosa | | +--+ +----------- Ligumia | | | | +----- Venustaconcha +--+ +--+ | | | +-- Obovaria | | +--+ +--+ +-- Epioblasma | | +----- Ortmanniana_pectorosa ** +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 25 | 0 | 2 | 55 | 46 | 22 | 46 |
+-- Paetulunio
+-----------------------------------+
| +-- Toxolasma
|
| +----- Obliquaria
| +-----------------------------+
--+ | | +-- Glebula
| | +--+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| |
| | +----- Ptychobranchus
| | +--+
+--+ | | +-- Dromus
| | +--+
| +-----------------------+ +-- Cyprogenia
| | |
| | | +----- Medionidus_conradicus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Medionidus_acutissimus
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lemiox
|
| +----------------------------- Sagittunio
| |
| +----------------------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Truncilla
+--+ +-----------------------+
| | +-- Ellipsaria
| |
| | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa **
| | +-----+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_fasciola
+--+ +--------------+
| | | +----- Lampsilis_ornata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| | +--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| | +-- Cambarunio
| +--------------+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_teres
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Hamiota
|
| +----------------- Leaunio
| |
+--+ +-------------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
| |
+--+ +----------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| |
+--+ +-------- Obovaria_olivaria
| |
| +-------- Venustaconcha
+--+
+-------- Epioblasma
|
| +----- Obovaria_unicolor
+--+
| +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
+--+
+-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 2 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 100 | 41 | 22 | 37 |
+-------- Toxolasma
+--------------------+
| | +----- Obliquaria
| +--+
| | +-- Cyrtonaias
| +--+
| +-- Glebula
|
| +-------------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-------- Medionidus_acutissimus
--+ | +--+
| +-----------+ | | +----- Lemiox
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Dromus
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Cyprogenia
| | |
| | | +-- Sagittunio
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Medionidus_conradicus
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
| +--+
| +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__2
|
| +-- Ellipsaria
| +--------------------+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +-------------------- Villosa
+--+ |
| | +-- Obovaria_olivaria
| | +--------+
| | | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis__1
| | +-----+
+--+ | | +-------- Epioblasma
| | +--+
| | | +----- Obovaria_unicolor
| | +--+
| | | +-- Obovaria_arkansasensis
| | +--+
| | +-- Obovaria_subrotunda
+--+
| +-------- Hamiota
| |
| +-----+ +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| | | +--+
| | | | +-- Lampsilis_ovata
| | +--+
| | | +-- Ortmanniana_pectorosa **
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_ornata
|
| +-- Ligumia
| +--------+
| | +-- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-------- Lampsilis_teres
+--+
| +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+
+-- Leaunio
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** --+ | +-------- Glebula +--+ | +----- Potamilus +--+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Toxolasma
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 34 | 15 | 9 | -- |
+----------- Toxolasma | | +-------- Obliquaria --+ | | | +----- Obovaria | | | | | +----- Lampsilis_cardium +--+ | | +----- Potamilus | | | | +-- Epioblasma | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_higginsii | | +-- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_teres | | +-- Ellipsaria +--+ +-- Truncilla
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Potamilus --+ | +-------- Cyrtonaias +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 11 | 8 | -- |
+----------- Ligumia | +----------- Truncilla | | +-- Ptychobranchus +--------+ --+ +-- Sagittunio | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | +-----+ | | +-- Epioblasma | | +--+ +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | | | +----- Cambarunio +--+ +----- Leaunio | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium +--+ +-- Lampsilis_fasciola
Krebs et al., 2013 [Publ 3515], fig. 2A
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- |
+-------- Lampsilis_radiata | --+ +-- Lampsilis_ovata | +--+ | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_hydiana +--+ +-- Lampsilis_straminea
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 11 | 11 | -- |
+-- Glebula
+--------+
| +-- Cyrtonaias
|
--+ +-------- Potamilus
| |
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Truncilla
| |
| | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
+--+ |
| +-- Epioblasma
| |
| +-- Lampsilis
| |
+--+-- Ligumia
|
+-- Cambarunio
|
+-- Pachynaias
|
+-- Mesonaias
Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 15 | 9 | -- |
+----------------- Potamilus | | +-- Ellipsaria --+ +-----------+ | | +-- Truncilla | | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_cardium | | | | +----- Ligumia | +-----+ +--+ | +-- Obovaria | +--+ | +-- Epioblasma | | +-------- Lampsilis_teres +--+ | +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis_higginsii
Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 81 | 2 | 2 | -- |
-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 140 | 11 | 5 | -- |
+-------------------- Toxolasma | --+ +----------------- Potamilus | | +--+ +-------------- Leaunio | | | | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-----+ | | | +-- Lampsilis_hydiana | | +--+ +--+ +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | | +-------- Venustaconcha +--+ | +----- Lampsilis_ornata +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_cardium +--+ +-- Lampsilis_cariosa
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+----- Potamilus --+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+-------- Potamilus --+ | +----- Lampsilis +--+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 6 | 6 | -- |
+----- Truncilla | +----- Ptychobranchus --+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | | | +-- Cambarunio +--+ +-- Ligumia | +-- Epioblasma
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 2 | 2 | -- |
+----- Cambarunio --+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 21 | 10 | 10 | -- |
+----------------------- Cyrtonaias | --+ +-------------------- Ptychobranchus | | +--+ +----------------- Ligumia | | +--+ +-------------- Potamilus | | +--+ +----------- Pachynaias | | | | +-- Epioblasma +--+ +-----+ | | +-- Truncilla | | +--+ +-- Mesonaias | +--+ | | +-- Cambarunio +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 26 | 6 | -- |
+----------------------------------- Toxolasma | --+ +-------------------------------- Potamilus | | | | +-- Ellipsaria +--+ +--------------------------+ | | +-- Truncilla | | | | +-------------------------- Leaunio +--+ | | | +-------------------- Lampsilis_bracteata | | | | | +--+ +----------------- Lampsilis_fasciola | | | | | +--+ | +--+ +-------------- Lampsilis_ornata | | | | | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_ovata | | | +--------+ | | | | +-- Lampsilis_cariosa | | +--+ | | | +-------- Lampsilis_cardium__3 +--+ +--+ | | +----- Lampsilis_cardium__2 | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_satura | +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__1 | | +-- Lampsilis_higginsii | +--------------+ | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +-----+ | +-------------- Lampsilis_teres | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_radiata | +--------+ | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea +--+ | +-------- Lampsilis_bergmanni +--+ | +----- Lampsilis_hydiana +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_virescens +--+ +-- Lampsilis_straminea
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | 5 | -- |
+----------------------- Obliquaria | | +-- Cambarunio | +-----------------+ | | +-- Leaunio --+ | | | +----------- Lampsilis_teres | | | | +--------+ +-------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | | | | | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana +--+ | +--+ | | | +-- Lampsilis_virescens | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_radiata | | +----------------- Obovaria | | +--+ +-------------- Lampsilis_bracteata | | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_ornata | | +--+ +-------- Lampsilis_ovata | | +--+ +----- Lampsilis_cardium__3 | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_satura | | +--+-- Lampsilis_cardium__1 | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__2
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 8 | 3 | -- |
+-- Obovaria
+--------+
| +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
|
| +-- Obliquaria
+--------+
--+ +-- Lampsilis_ornata
|
| +----- Lampsilis_radiata__2
| +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_radiata__1
|
| +----- Lampsilis_virescens
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_straminea
Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 3941], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 40 | 25 | 6 | -- |
+----------------------------------- Toxolasma | --+ +-------------------------------- Ellipsaria | | +--+ +----------------------------- Truncilla | | | | +-------------------------- Potamilus +--+ | | | +----------------------- Leaunio | | | +--+ | +----------------- Lampsilis_bracteata | | | | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_ornata | | | | +-----------+ +--+ | | | +-- Lampsilis_fasciola | | +--+ | | | +----------- Lampsilis_ovata | | +--+ | | | +-------- Lampsilis_cardium__3 | | +--+ +--+ | +----- Lampsilis_cardium__2 | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_satura | +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__1 | | +-------------- Lampsilis_teres | | | | +-- Lampsilis_higginsii +-----+ +--------+ | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_radiata | +-----+ | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_bergmanni +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_virescens +--+ +-- Lampsilis_straminea
Porto-Hannes et al., 2021 [Publ 4227], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 6 | 2 | -- |
+----- Obovaria --+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 137 | 2 | 2 | -- |
+----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** --+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Cambarunio
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Mesonaias --+ | +-------- Potamilus +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 14 | 9 | -- |
+----------------------- Ellipsaria | --+ +-------------------- Truncilla | | +--+ +----------------- Obliquaria | | | | +-------------- Potamilus +--+ | | | +----- Lampsilis_ornata | | +-----+ | | | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium +--+ | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_ovata | | | | +-------- Lampsilis_teres | +--+ +--+ | +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | +--+ | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_higginsii | | +----- Hamiota | | +-----+ +-- Epioblasma | | +--+-- Cambarunio | +-- Ligumia
Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 15 | 9 | -- |
+-------- Lemiox
+-----+
| | +----- Medionidus
| +--+
| | +-- Dromus
| +--+
--+ +-- Cyprogenia
|
| +----------- Potamilus
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
| | +--+
+--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_higginsii
| | +--+
| | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
| |
| | +----- Lampsilis_fasciola
+--+--+
| | +-- Lampsilis_cardium
| +--+
| +-- Lampsilis_ovata
|
| +-- Cambarunio
| |
+-----+-- Ligumia
|
+-- Epioblasma
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 7 | 7 | -- |
+-------------- Obliquaria | +-------------- Truncilla --+ +-------------- Ptychobranchus | | +----------- Ligumia +--+ | +-------- Cambarunio +--+ | +----- Epioblasma +--+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 13 | 11 | -- |
+-------------- Potamilus_leptodon | | +----------- Potamilus_alatus --+ | | | +-------- Venustaconcha | | | +--+ +-------- Leaunio | | | | +-- Ellipsaria | +-----+ +--+ +-- Truncilla | | +-- Medionidus +-----+ | +-- Ptychobranchus | | +----- Cambarunio +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** --+ | +-------- Glebula +--+ | +----- Potamilus +--+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Toxolasma
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 33 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+----- Potamilus --+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Ligumia
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 11 | 8 | -- |
+-------------------- Truncilla | --+ +----------------- Ligumia | | | | +-- Ptychobranchus +--+ +-----------+ | | +-- Sagittunio | | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | | | | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +--+ | | | +-- Lampsilis_cardium | | +--+ +--+ +-- Lampsilis_fasciola | | +----- Epioblasma +--+ | +-- Cambarunio +--+ +-- Leaunio
Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 7 | 7 | -- |
+----------- Truncilla | --+ +-- Lampsilis | +-----+ | | +-- Epioblasma +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Obliquaria +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 5 | 3 | -- |
+-------- Potamilus --+ | +----- Venustaconcha +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Porto-Hannes et al., 2019 [Publ 3969], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 16 | 5 | -- |
+----------------- Lampsilis_teres | +----------------- Obovaria | | +-- Leaunio +--------------+ | +-- Cambarunio | | +-------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** | | --+--------+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana | | +--+ | | | +-- Lampsilis_virescens | +--+ | | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea | +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_radiata | | +-------------- Lampsilis_bracteata | | +--+ +----------- Lampsilis_ornata | | +--+ +-------- Lampsilis_ovata | | +--+ +----- Lampsilis_cardium__3 | | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_satura | | +--+-- Lampsilis_cardium__1 | +-- Lampsilis_cardium__2
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Potamilus --+ | +-------- Mesonaias +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Cyrtonaias --+ | +-------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +----- Lampsilis +--+ | +-- Potamilus +--+ +-- Ligumia
Stodola et al., 2021 [Publ 4266], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 1 | -- |
+-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
|
+-----------+-- Lampsilis_abrupta
| |
| +-- Lampsilis_higginsii
--+
| +----------- Lampsilis_sietmani
| |
| | +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
+--+ +-----+
| | +-- Lampsilis_radiata
| |
+--+ +----- Lampsilis_hydiana__2
| |
| +----- Lampsilis_straminea__2
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana__1
+--+
| +-- Lampsilis_bergmanni
|
| +-- Lampsilis_straminea__1
+--+
+-- Lampsilis_virescens
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 2 | 2 | -- |
+----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** --+ | +-- Cambarunio +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+-- Cyrtonaias
+--------+
| +-- Glebula
--+
| +-------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +----- Potamilus
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Mesonaias --+ | +-------- Potamilus +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 79 | 2 | 2 | -- |
+----- Cambarunio --+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 4 | 4 | -- |
+----------- Potamilus --+ | +-------- Cyrtonaias +--+ | +----- Ligumia +--+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2667], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 12 | 10 | -- |
+-------------------------- Toxolasma | --+ +----------------------- Obliquaria | | | | +-- Cyrtonaias +--+ +-----------------+ | | +-- Glebula | | +--+ +-- Ptychobranchus | +--------------+ | | +-- Lemiox | | +--+ +-- Venustaconcha | +-----------+ | | +-- Obovaria +--+ | +----------- Hamiota +--+ | +-------- Lampsilis_ovata +--+ | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_straminea +--+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 5 | 5 | -- |
+-- Cyrtonaias
+--------+
| +-- Glebula
--+
| +-------- Toxolasma
+--+
| +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
+--+
| +-- Ligumia
+--+
+-- Potamilus
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 197 | 13 | 11 | -- |
+-------------------- Potamilus_leptodon | --+ +----------------- Potamilus_alatus | | | | +-- Medionidus +--+ +-----------+ | | +-- Ptychobranchus | | +--+ +-- Ellipsaria | +--------+ | | +-- Truncilla +--+ | +-------- Leaunio | | +--+ +-- Venustaconcha | +--+ | | +-- Cambarunio +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- |
+-------- Potamilus --+ | +----- Venustaconcha +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 4 | 3 | -- |
+-------- Potamilus --+ | +----- Venustaconcha +--+ | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 75 | 2 | 2 | -- |
+----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** --+ | +-- Lampsilis +--+ +-- Cambarunio
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 123 | 2 | 2 | -- |
-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 46 | 7 | 7 | -- |
+----------------- Ptychobranchus --+ | +-------------- Truncilla +--+ | +----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-------- Lampsilis +--+ | +----- Cambarunio +--+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Epioblasma
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 7 | 7 | -- |
+----------------- Ptychobranchus --+ | +-------------- Truncilla +--+ | +----------- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-------- Lampsilis +--+ | +----- Cambarunio +--+ | +-- Ligumia +--+ +-- Epioblasma
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 199 | 13 | 11 | -- |
+----- Ellipsaria | +----- Potamilus_leptodon | +----- Medionidus | +----- Potamilus_alatus | +----- Ptychobranchus --+ +----- Truncilla | +----- Venustaconcha | +----- Cambarunio | +----- Leaunio | | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ +-- Lampsilis
Chapman et al., 2008 [Publ 2744], fig. 2
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 12 | 10 | -- |
+-------------------------- Toxolasma | --+ +----------------------- Obliquaria | | | | +-- Cyrtonaias +--+ +-----------------+ | | +-- Glebula | | +--+ +-- Ptychobranchus | +--------------+ | | +-- Lemiox | | +--+ +-- Venustaconcha | +-----------+ | | +-- Obovaria +--+ | +----------- Hamiota +--+ | +-------- Lampsilis_ovata +--+ | +----- Ortmanniana_ligamentina ** +--+ | +-- Lampsilis_straminea +--+ +-- Lampsilis_hydiana
Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 35 | 2 | 2 | -- |
-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1
| tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | |
| 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 11 | 11 | -- |
+-- Cyrtonaias
+--------------------+
| +-- Glebula
--+
| +-------------------- Potamilus
| |
+--+ +-- Truncilla
| +--------------+
| | +-- Ptychobranchus
+--+
| +-------------- Pachynaias
| |
+--+ +----------- Mesonaias
| |
+--+ +-- Lampsilis
| +-----+
| | +-- Ortmanniana_ligamentina **
+--+
| +----- Cambarunio
+--+
| +-- Epioblasma
+--+
+-- Ligumia
