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Taxonomy

Species & Genus Richness by
Taxonomy

Geography

Species Richness & Endemism by
Geography

Data last updated
Mon 1 Dec 2025

genus Unio Philipsson in Retzius, 1788: species

82 available nominal genus synonyms (113 total synonyms) | cladomics

Included Species

Decorative image of a representative of Unio abyssinicus

Unio abyssinicus Martens, 1866

syonymy (6 available, 8 total) | specimens (9)

Range: Lake Tana, Ethiopia and as a subfossil in the Nile, northeastern Africa. (Afrotropics)

IUCN Red List: Endangered B1ab(ii,iii)+2ab(ii,iii)
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio bruguierianus

Unio bruguierianus Bourguignat, 1853

syonymy (10 available, 12 total) | specimens (1 + 70 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Eastern Mediterranean Europe to Turkey. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio caffer Krauss, 1848

syonymy (22 available, 31 total) | specimens (186 + 1 Genbank voucher)

Range: Southern Africa, north to the Zambezi. (Afrotropics)

Genbank sequences: 28S, COI
IUCN Red List: Least Concern
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio carneus

Unio carneus Küster, 1854

syonymy (3 available, 3 total) | specimens (0 + 29 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Drin River in eastern Mediterranean Europe. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Vulnerable A2c
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio crassus Philipsson in Retzius, 1788

syonymy (113 available, 191 total) | specimens (98 + 264 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Widespread in continental Europe through the Dardanelles to Transcaucasia. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 18S, 28S, 5.8S, COI, ITS1, mtGenome, ND1, other, SRA
IUCN Red List: Endangered A2ac
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio damascensis

Unio damascensis Lea, 1863

syonymy (3 available, 3 total) | specimens (3 + 32 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Mediterranean Central Turkey to the Orontes River in Syria. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio delicatus

Unio delicatus Lea, 1863

syonymy (17 available, 22 total) | specimens (33 + 55 Genbank vouchers)

Range: European Turkey, to the Orontes in Syria. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio delphinus

Unio delphinus Spengler, 1793

syonymy (38 available, 45 total) | specimens (13 + 82 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Atlantic basins of the Iberian Peninsula and Morocco. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, mtGenome M-type, other, SRA
IUCN Red List: Endangered A2bc
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio dembeae

Unio dembeae Reeve, 1865

syonymy (11 available, 20 total) | specimens (14)

Range: The Nile and Lake Turkana basins in northeastern Africa. (Afrotropics)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio desectus Westerlund in Westerlund & Blanc 1879

syonymy (1 available, 2 total) | specimens (0 + 15 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Greece. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Endangered B1ab(iii,v)+2ab(iii,v)
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio durieui

Unio durieui Deshayes, 1847

syonymy (8 available, 10 total) | specimens (2 + 10 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Mediterranean northern Africa. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered A2c
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio elongatulus

Unio elongatulus Pfeiffer, 1825

syonymy (77 available, 91 total) | specimens (4 + 64 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Mediterranean Europe. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, other
IUCN Red List: Endangered A2bce
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio eucirrus Bourguignat, 1857

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0 + 3 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Karamenderes River, Turkey. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio foucauldianus Pallary, 1936

syonymy (1 available, 2 total) | specimens (0 + 20 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Morocco, Palearctic North Africa. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio gibbus

Unio gibbus Spengler, 1793

syonymy (4 available, 5 total) | specimens (0 + 24 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Iberian Peninsula and Morocco. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio gontierii Bourguignat, 1856

syonymy (11 available, 19 total) | specimens (0 + 17 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Streams draining to the Black and Caspian Seas in Ukraine to Georgia. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio hueti Bourguignat, 1855

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0 + 5 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Upper Euphrates in Syria and Iraq. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio ionicus

Unio ionicus Drouët, 1879

syonymy (3 available, 4 total) | specimens (1 + 34 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Greece. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Endangered B2ab(ii,iii,v)
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio mancus

Unio mancus Lamarck, 1819

syonymy (134 available, 195 total) | specimens (75 + 163 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Spain to Italy, in basins draining to the Mediterranean. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome
IUCN Red List: Data Deficient (Unio turtoni), Endangered A2ac
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio mardinensis Lea, 1865

syonymy (17 available, 27 total) | specimens (5 + 17 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Euphrates and Aras basins in Syria, Iraq, and Turkey. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio nanus

Unio nanus Lamarck, 1819

syonymy (92 available, 121 total) | specimens (47 + 251 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Widespread in Europe. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, 5.8S, COI, COI M-type, Cytb, ITS1, mtGenome, mtGenome M-type, ND1, other, SRA
IUCN Red List: Endangered A2ac
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio pictorum (Linnaeus, 1758)

syonymy (100 available, 159 total) | specimens (66 + 164 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Widespread in Europe, from the Atlantic to the Volga and Black Sea. Introduced to the Amur Basin, eastern Asia. (North Eurasia, East Asia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 16S M-type, 18S, 28S, 5.8S, COI, COI M-type, Cytb, H3, ITS1, mtGenome, mtGenome M-type, other, SRA
IUCN Red List: Least Concern
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio ravoisieri Deshayes, 1848

syonymy (10 available, 14 total) | specimens (0 + 26 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Iberian Peninsula and northern Africa. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 18S, 28S, COI
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio sesirmensis Kobelt, 1913

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0 + 11 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Turkey. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio terminalis

Unio terminalis Bourguignat, 1852

syonymy (17 available, 20 total) | specimens (31 + 7 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Jordon River basin, Israel. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Vulnerable A2bce
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio tigridis

Unio tigridis Bourguignat, 1852

syonymy (22 available, 28 total) | specimens (41 + 23 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Syria to Iraq. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI
IUCN Red List: Least Concern
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio tumidiformis

Unio tumidiformis Castro, 1885

syonymy (7 available, 9 total) | specimens (0 + 33 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Southwestern rivers on the Iberian Peninsula, Portugal and Spain. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 28S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Critically Endangered A2abc
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio tumidus

Unio tumidus Philipsson in Retzius, 1788

syonymy (61 available, 89 total) | specimens (32 + 102 Genbank vouchers)

Range: Widespread in Europe. Introduced to the Amur Basin. (North Eurasia, East Asia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, 16S M-type, 18S, 28S, 5.8S, COI, COI M-type, Cytb, ITS1, mtGenome, mtGenome M-type, ND1, other, SRA
IUCN Red List: Least Concern
other links: MolluscaBase

Decorative image of a representative of Unio vicarius

Unio vicarius Westernlund in Westerlund & Blanc, 1879

syonymy (4 available, 8 total) | specimens (0 + 74 Genbank vouchers)

Range: From the Balkans east to Romania and Greece. (North Eurasia)

Genbank sequences: 16S, COI, mtGenome, SRA
IUCN Red List: Vulnerable A2c
other links: MolluscaBase

Unio asturianus Delevene, Munt, Piñuela & García-Ramos, 2016 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Late Jurassic, Spain. (North Eurasia)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio baileyi Logan, 1900 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio bituberculosus Martens, 1874 (fossil)

syonymy (2 available, 2 total) | specimens (0)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio exquisitus Lindholm, 1932 (fossil)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio iridoides White, 1886 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 3 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

Unio kirchbergensis Krauss, 1852 (Tertiary)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Miocene, Germany. (North Eurasia)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio knightii Logan, 1900 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio lapilloides White, 1886 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio macropisthus White, 1886 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio mammillaris Yen, 1952 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

Unio migliorinii Magrograssi, 1928 (Tertiary)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Isle of Rhodes, Tertiary. (North Eurasia)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio nucalis Meek & Hayden, 1858 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio pseudatavus Bukowski, 1896 (Tertiary)

syonymy (3 available, 3 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Isle of Rhodes, Tertiary. (North Eurasia)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio tschiliensis Sturany, 1901 (Quaternary)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Pleistocene, Asia.

Unio uniseralis (Lindholm, 1932) (fossil)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

other links: MolluscaBase

Unio willistoni Logan, 1900 (Jurassic)

syonymy (1 available, 1 total) | specimens (0)

Range: Jurassic, North America.

other links: MolluscaBase

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