Bivalvia | Unionida | Hyrioidea | Hyriidae | Hyriinae | Castaliini

genus Castalia Lamarck, 1819: cladomics

13 Recent valid species (13 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 13 (13 total)
analyzed in 39 cladograms in 25 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.15, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 5
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.2 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.4

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Castalia cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Castalia cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 6 6 627 2 2 0 
  +----------------- Castalia_ambigua__4 **
  |                                     
--+  +-------------- Callonaia          
  |  |                                  
  +--+  +----------- Castalia_stevensi **  
     |  |                               
     +--+  +-------- Castalia_ambigua__3 **
        |  |                            
        +--+     +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **
           |  +--+                      
           |  |  +-- Castaliella        
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
              +--+                      
                 +-- Castalia **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 5 18 2 2 2 
  +----------------- Castalia_ambigua__4 **
--+                                     
  |  +-------------- Callonaia          
  +--+                                  
     |  +----------- Castalia_ambigua__3 **
     +--+                               
        |  +-------- Castalia_stevensi **  
        +--+                            
           |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
           +--+                         
              |  +-- Castaliella        
              +--+                      
                 +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **

Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 3 1 1 -- 
  +----- Callonaia        
--+                       
  |  +-- Castalia_ambigua ** 
  +--+                    
     +-- Castalia_stevensi **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 4 0 5 18 2 2 4 
  +-------------- Castalia_stevensi **  
  |                                  
--+           +-- Callonaia          
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Castalia_ambigua__4 **
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Castaliella        
           +--+                      
              +-- Castalia_ambigua__3 **

Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 1 1 1 -- 
  +----- Callonaia        
--+                       
  |  +-- Castalia_ambigua ** 
  +--+                    
     +-- Castalia_stevensi **

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 2 0 2 6 2 2 -- 
  +-------- Callonaia          
--+                            
  |  +----- Castalia_ambigua__2 **
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Castalia_ambigua__1 **
     +--+                      
        +-- Castaliella

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 29 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 198 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 139 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_stevensi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 138 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 138 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia_ambigua **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 0 0 -- 
-- Castalia **