Publication Lydeard et al. (1996): cladograms

publication summary

Complete Citation

Lydeard, C., M. Mulvey & G.M. Davis. 1996. Molecular systematics and evolution of reproductive traits of North American freshwater unionacean mussels (Mollusca: Bivalvia) as inferred from 16S rRNA gene sequences. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London (B, Biol. Sci.) 351: 1593-1603. Available electronically.

Cladogram Figures

(click the figure number to see the cladogram)

Cladogram Figure 3
                             +----- Cumberlandia_monodonta     
  +--------------------------+                                 
  |                          |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
  |                          +--+                              
  |                             +-- Margaritifera_falcata      
  |                                                            
  |                          +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                       +--+                                 
  |                       |  |  +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana   
--+                       |  +--+                              
  |  +--------------------+     +-- Utterbackiana              
  |  |                    |                                    
  |  |                    |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus        
  |  |                    +--+                                 
  |  |                       |  +-- Lasmigona_costata          
  |  |                       +--+                              
  |  |                          +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata    
  +--+                                                         
     |                       +----- Megalonaias_nervosa        
     |  +--------------------+                                 
     |  |                    |  +-- Quadrula_quadrula          
     |  |                    +--+                              
     |  |                       +-- Theliderma_metanevra       
     |  |                                                      
     +--+                    +----- Elliptoideus_sloatianus    
        |                    |                                 
        |  +-----------------+  +-- Eurynia_dilatata           
        |  |                 |  |                              
        |  |                 +--+-- Pleurobema_pyriforme       
        |  |                    |                              
        +--+                    +-- Uniomerus_carolinianus     
           |                                                   
           |  +-------------------- Amblema_plicata            
           |  |                                                
           +--+                 +-- Plectomerus_dombeyanus     
              |  +--------------+                              
              |  |              +-- Obliquaria_reflexa         
              +--+                                             
                 |  +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis         
                 |  |                                          
                 +--+  +----------- Ptychobranchus_subtentus   
                    |  |                                       
                    +--+  +-------- Medionidus_conradicus      
                       |  |                                    
                       +--+  +----- Potamilus_purpuratus       
                          |  |                                 
                          |  |  +-- Ellipsaria_lineolata       
                          +--+--+                              
                             |  +-- Villosa_delumbis           
                             |                                 
                             |  +-- Lampsilis_teres            
                             +--+                              
                                +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea
Cladogram Figure 4
  +-------------------------------------------- None                       
  |                                                                        
  |                                      +----- Cumberlandia_monodonta     
  |  +-----------------------------------+                                 
  |  |                                   |  +-- Margaritifera_margaritifera
--+  |                                   +--+                              
  |  |                                      +-- Margaritifera_falcata      
  |  |                                                                     
  |  |                                   +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |  |                                +--+                                 
  |  |                                |  |  +-- Utterbackiana_couperiana   
  +--+                                |  +--+                              
     |  +-----------------------------+     +-- Anodonta                   
     |  |                             |                                    
     |  |                             |  +----- Strophitus_radiatus        
     |  |                             +--+                                 
     |  |                                |  +-- Lasmigona_costata          
     |  |                                +--+                              
     |  |                                   +-- Alasmidonta_triangulata    
     +--+                                                                  
        |                                +----- Megalonaias_nervosa        
        |  +-----------------------------+                                 
        |  |                             |  +-- Quadrula_quadrula          
        |  |                             +--+                              
        |  |                                +-- Theliderma_metanevra       
        |  |                                                               
        +--+                          +-------- Elliptoideus_sloatianus    
           |  +-----------------------+                                    
           |  |                       |  +----- Uniomerus_carolinianus     
           |  |                       +--+                                 
           |  |                          |  +-- Eurynia_dilatata           
           +--+                          +--+                              
              |                             +-- Pleurobema_pyriforme       
              |                                                            
              |  +----------------------------- Amblema_plicata            
              +--+                                                         
                 |  +-------------------------- Plectomerus_dombeyanus     
                 +--+                                                      
                    |  +----------------------- Obliquaria_reflexa         
                    +--+                                                   
                       |  +-------------------- Medionidus_conradicus      
                       +--+                                                
                          |  +----------------- Ptychobranchus_subtentus   
                          +--+                                             
                             |  +-------------- Potamilus_fragilis         
                             +--+                                          
                                |  +----------- Potamilus_purpuratus       
                                +--+                                       
                                   |  +-------- Ellipsaria_lineolata       
                                   +--+                                    
                                      |  +----- Villosa_delumbis           
                                      +--+                                 
                                         |  +-- Lampsilis_teres            
                                         +--+                              
                                            +-- Lampsilis_siliquoidea