Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Popenaiadini | Nephronaias

Lea, 1858. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 10: 118.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 7]: 265 [83], pl. 43, fig. 145.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_84396, Isthmus of Darien.
Nephronaias caldwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Cummings et al. (2025)
Unio (Arotonaias) caldwellii — Martens (1900)
Elliptio (Barynaias) averyi — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (Nephronaias) averyi — Haas (1929)
Barynaias caldwellii — Haas (1969), Graf & Cummings (2007), Bogan (2010), Graf & Cummings (2021)

Lea, 1859. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 11: 281.
Lea, 1860. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 4 [O. 7]: 269 [87], pl. 44, fig. 149.
Type(s): LECTOTYPE [AS HOLOTYPE] USNM_84385 (by R.I. Johnson, 1974: 18), Chumnagua R., Isth. of Darien.
Nephronaias averyi — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1901), Simpson (1914)
Unio (Arotonaias) caldwellii — Martens (1900)
Elliptio (Barynaias) averyi — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (Nephronaias) averyi — Haas (1929)
Barynaias caldwellii — Haas (1969)
Nephronaias caldwellii — Cummings et al. (2025)
Nephronaias caldwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914), Cummings et al. (2025)
Unio (Arotonaias) caldwellii — Martens (1900)
Nephronaias averyi — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1901), Simpson (1914)
Elliptio (Barynaias) averyi — Frierson (1927)
Elliptio (Nephronaias) averyi — Haas (1929)
Barynaias caldwellii — Haas (1969), Graf & Cummings (2007), Bogan (2010), Graf & Cummings (2021)