Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Pterosyna Rafinesque, 1831: cladomics

2 Recent valid species (2 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 2 (2 total)
analyzed in 29 cladograms in 21 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2 (mean = 1.03, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 1
maximum number of included terminals = 2, (mean = 2 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Cladograms

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 7 5 -- 
  +----------- Pyganodon            
  |                                 
  |     +----- Lasmigona            
--+  +--+                           
  |  |  |  +-- Pterosyna_complanata ** 
  |  |  +--+                        
  +--+     +-- Pterosyna_alabamensis **
     |                              
     |  +----- Strophitus           
     +--+                           
        |  +-- Prolasmidonta        
        +--+                        
           +-- Platynaias

Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 32 14 -- 
     +-------------- Utterbackiana       
  +--+                                   
  |  |  +----------- Alasminota          
  |  +--+                                
  |     |  +-------- Pseudodontoideus    
  |     +--+                             
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona           
  |        +--+                          
  |           |  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |           +--+                       
--+              +-- Arcidens            
  |                                      
  |              +-- Prolasmidonta       
  |           +--+                       
  |           |  +-- Platynaias          
  |     +-----+                          
  |     |     |  +-- Ligodonta           
  |     |     +--+                       
  |     |        +-- Alasmidonta         
  +-----+                                
        |        +-- Anodontoides        
        |  +-----+                       
        |  |     +-- Strophitus          
        +--+                             
           |  +----- Sulcularia          
           +--+                          
              |  +-- Pyganodon           
              +--+                       
                 +-- Utterbackia

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 12 5 -- 
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |                       
  +-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta 
--+                       
  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa   
  |                       
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis   
  |                       
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 -- 
  +----- Pterosyna_complanata **
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
     +-- Utterbackia

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 103 15 9 -- 
-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 12 5 -- 
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 3 2 -- 
  +----- Pterosyna_complanata **
--+                          
  |  +-- Pyganodon           
  +--+                       
     +-- Utterbackia

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 12 5 -- 
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Lasmigona

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 7 7 -- 
  +-- Pseudodontoideus    
  |                       
--+-- Alasmidonta         
  |                       
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 5 4 -- 
     +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona           
--+                          
  |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
  |  |                       
  +--+-- Strophitus          
     |                       
     +-- Platynaias

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                       
           +-- Alasmidonta

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 5 5 -- 
  +-------- Pyganodon           
  |                             
  |     +-- Platynaias          
--+-----+                       
  |     +-- Strophitus          
  |                             
  |  +----- Lasmigona           
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Arcidens            
     +--+                       
        +-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 10 6 -- 
           +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Lasmigona           
--+                                
  |  +-------- Strophitus          
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Platynaias          
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Alasmidonta         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Pyganodon           
        +--+                       
           +-- Utterbackia

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 13 5 -- 
  +-- Lasmigona           
  |                       
--+-- Platynaias          
  |                       
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 9 5 -- 
        +-- Alasmidonta         
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |                             
--+     +-- Strophitus          
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Pyganodon           
     +--+                       
        +-- Utterbackia

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 64 6 5 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
--+                                
  |  +-------- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Alasmidonta         
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 34 5 5 -- 
  +----- Alasmidonta         
  |                          
  +----- Pyganodon           
  |                          
--+  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona           
  |                          
  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                       
     +-- Strophitus

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 10 6 -- 
           +-- Pyganodon           
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Utterbackia         
  |                                
--+        +-- Lasmigona           
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Alasmidonta         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Strophitus          
        +--+                       
           +-- Platynaias

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 15 13 5 -- 
  +-- Platynaias          
  |                       
--+-- Lasmigona           
  |                       
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 8 7 -- 
  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
--+                       
  +-- Lasmigona

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 6 5 -- 
        +-- Pyganodon           
  +-----+                       
  |     +-- Utterbackia         
  |                             
--+     +-- Alasmidonta         
  |  +--+                       
  |  |  +-- Platynaias          
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta       
     +--+                       
        +-- Pterosyna_complanata **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 8 8 -- 
  +-------------- Strophitus          
  |                                   
  |        +----- Pterosyna_complanata **
--+  +-----+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona           
  |  |     +--+                       
  +--+        +-- Arcidens            
     |                                
     |  +-------- Utterbackia         
     |  |                             
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta         
        |                             
        |  +----- Pyganodon           
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Anodontoides        
           +--+                       
              +-- Platynaias

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 32 13 -- 
              +-- Utterbackia         
  +-----------+                       
  |           +-- Pyganodon           
  |                                   
  |     +-------- Utterbackiana       
  |     |                             
--+  +--+     +-- Lasmigona           
  |  |  |  +--+                       
  |  |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus    
  |  |  +--+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
  |  |     +--+                       
  +--+        +-- Arcidens            
     |                                
     |     +----- Sulcularia          
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  |  +-- Anodontoides        
     |  |  +--+                       
     |  |     +-- Strophitus          
     +--+                             
        |     +-- Prolasmidonta       
        |  +--+                       
        |  |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Alasminota          
           +--+                       
              +-- Alasmidonta

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 13 8 -- 
     +-------- Pseudodontoideus    
  +--+                             
  |  |  +----- Lasmigona           
  |  +--+                          
  |     |  +-- Pterosyna_complanata **
--+     +--+                       
  |        +-- Arcidens            
  |                                
  |  +-------- Strophitus          
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Pyganodon           
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Utterbackia         
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                       
           +-- Alasmidonta