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Page last updated
Wed 1 October 2025

The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)

FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!

Search the database pages:

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae | Anodontini | Alasmidontina

genus Pyganodon Crosse & Fischer, 1894: cladomics
     6 Recent valid species (6 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 6 (6 total)
analyzed in 183 cladograms in 110 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 5 (mean = 1.34, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 33
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean = 2.88 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.82

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.


PCoA Ordination


NJ Tree

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2C

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
44381000
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **     
  +-----+                         
  |     +-- Pyganodon__1 **          
  |                               
--+  +----- Pyganodon__3 **          
  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__1 **
  +--+  |                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis__1 ** 
     |  |                         
     +--+-- Pyganodon__2 **          
        |                         
        +-- Pyganodon_cataracta__2 **
        |                         
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis__2 **

Perkins et al., 2025 [Publ 4447], fig. 2_mtDNA-ITS

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101353214--
     +-------------- Utterbackiana    
  +--+                                
  |  |  +----------- Alasminota       
  |  +--+                             
  |     |  +-------- Pseudodontoideus 
  |     +--+                          
  |        |  +----- Lasmigona        
  |        +--+                       
  |           |  +-- Pterosyna        
  |           +--+                    
--+              +-- Arcidens         
  |                                   
  |              +-- Prolasmidonta    
  |           +--+                    
  |           |  +-- Platynaias       
  |     +-----+                       
  |     |     |  +-- Ligodonta        
  |     |     +--+                    
  |     |        +-- Alasmidonta      
  +-----+                             
        |        +-- Anodontoides     
        |  +-----+                    
        |  |     +-- Strophitus       
        +--+                          
           |  +----- Sulcularia       
           +--+                       
              |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
              +--+                    
                 +-- Utterbackia

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
550511958
  +----- Utterbackia        
  |                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **  
--+  |                      
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
     |                      
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
     |                      
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553510859
  +----------- Utterbackia        
  |                               
--+  +-------- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
  |  |                            
  +--+     +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     |  +--+                      
     |  |  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **  
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
        +--+                      
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Zanatta et al., 2007 [Publ 2698], fig. 1B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553511957
  +-------------- Utterbackia        
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **  
           +--+                      
              +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
51525108518
  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis **         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackia_peggyae        
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_cygnea            
  |                                 
  +----- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__1
  |                                 
--+----- Utterbackiana_couperiana__2
  |                                 
  +----- Utterbackiana_suborbiculata
  |                                 
  |  +-- Lasmigona                  
  +--+                              
  |  +-- Utterbackiana_implicata    
  |                                 
  |  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Platynaias                 
  |  |                              
  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **        
  +--+                              
     +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
     |                              
     +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **

Hoeh, 1990 [Publ 2717], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
553510857
  +-------------- Utterbackia        
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Pyganodon_lacustris **
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
           +--+                      
              +-- Pyganodon_gibbosa **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2D

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
44250005
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                            
--+-------- Pyganodon__2 **       
  |                            
  |  +----- Pyganodon__1 **       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
44351005
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  +-----+                      
  |     +-- Pyganodon__1 **       
--+                            
  |  +----- Pyganodon__2 **       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Cyr et al., 2007 [Publ 2745], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
44251005
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                            
--+-------- Pyganodon__2 **       
  |                            
  |  +----- Pyganodon__1 **       
  +--+                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
47244328
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                         
  +----- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |                         
--+----- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
  |                         
  +----- Pyganodon **          
  |                         
  |  +-- Platynaias         
  +--+                      
     +-- Arcidens

Hoeh et al., 1995 [Publ 3391], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
44143316
  +-------- Utterbackia        
  |                            
--+  +----- Pyganodon_lacustris **
  |  |                         
  +--+----- Pyganodon_grandis **  
     |                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Krebs et al., 2019 [Publ 4092], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
33130005
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **  
--+                         
  |  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis ** 
  +--+                      
     +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **

Stewart et al., 2021 [Publ 4451], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
331313757
              +-- Alasmidonta        
  +-----------+                      
  |           +-- Pterosyna          
  |                                  
--+           +-- Strophitus         
  |  +--------+                      
  |  |        +-- Platynaias         
  +--+                               
     |  +-------- Utterbackia        
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **  
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
           +--+                      
              +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22022833--
        +-- Alasmidonta       
  +-----+                     
  |     +-- Lasmigona         
--+                           
  |  +----- Strophitus        
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 
     +--+                     
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Hoeh et al., 1996 [Publ 2694], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202200--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

King et al., 1999 [Publ 2699], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202775--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 
  +--------+                     
  |        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
  |                              
--+        +-- Lasmigona         
  |  +-----+                     
  |  |     +-- Pterosyna         
  +--+                           
     |  +----- Strophitus        
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Prolasmidonta     
        +--+                     
           +-- Platynaias

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202700--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22021200--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023400--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22021300--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023596--
              +-- Pterosyna          
  +-----------+                      
  |           +-- Lasmigona          
--+                                  
  |  +----------- Strophitus         
  |  |                               
  +--+        +-- Platynaias         
     |  +-----+                      
     |  |     +-- Alasmidonta        
     +--+                            
        |  +----- Utterbackia        
        +--+                         
           |  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
           +--+                      
              +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22021300--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22021300--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22023696--
        +----- Utterbackia        
  +-----+                         
  |     |  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **
  |     +--+                      
  |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
--+                               
  |        +-- Lasmigona          
  |  +-----+                      
  |  |     +-- Pterosyna          
  +--+                            
     |  +----- Alasmidonta        
     +--+                         
        |  +-- Strophitus         
        +--+                      
           +-- Platynaias

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21702201118
  +-- Gonidea            
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
--+-- Theliderma         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus          
  |                      
  +-- Amblema            
  |                      
  +-- Elliptio           
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia          
  |                      
  +-- Plectomerus        
  |                      
  +-- Aculamprotula      
  |                      
  +-- Unio

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202252310--
  +-------------------- Sulcularia         
  |                                        
  |           +-------- Utterbackiana      
--+  +--------+                            
  |  |        |  +----- Alasminota         
  |  |        +--+                         
  |  |           |  +-- Arcidens           
  +--+           +--+                      
     |              +-- Pseudodontoideus   
     |                                     
     |  +-------------- Alasmidonta        
     |  |                                  
     +--+  +----------- Platynaias         
        |  |                               
        +--+  +-------- Strophitus         
           |  |                            
           +--+     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
              |  +--+                      
              |  |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
              +--+                         
                 |  +-- Utterbackia        
                 +--+                      
                    +-- Anodontoides

Rosenberg et al., 1997 [Publ 2720], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21702201118
  +-- Gonidea            
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
--+-- Theliderma         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus          
  |                      
  +-- Amblema            
  |                      
  +-- Elliptio           
  |                      
  +-- Fusconaia          
  |                      
  +-- Plectomerus        
  |                      
  +-- Pleurobema         
  |                      
  +-- Unio

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22025133--
  +-------- Strophitus         
  |                            
--+  +----- Platynaias         
  |  |                         
  +--+----- Alasmidonta        
     |                         
     |  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
     +--+                      
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Rosenberg et al., 1994 [Publ 2719], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21002171111
  +-- Pyganodon_cataracta **
  |                      
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **  
  |                      
  +-- Utterbackia        
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_teres    
  |                      
  +-- Lampsilis_straminea
--+                      
  +-- Megalonaias        
  |                      
  +-- Obliquaria         
  |                      
  +-- Theliderma         
  |                      
  +-- Quadrula           
  |                      
  +-- Uniomerus

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22022833--
        +-- Alasmidonta       
  +-----+                     
  |     +-- Lasmigona         
--+                           
  |  +----- Strophitus        
  +--+                        
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis ** 
     +--+                     
        +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2200210214923
  +-- Alasmidonta_marginata      
  |                              
  +-- Prolasmidonta              
  |                              
  +-- Alasmidonta_undulata       
  |                              
  +-- Beringiana                 
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_kennerlyi         
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_nuttalliana       
  |                              
  +-- Anodonta_oregonensis       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_confragosus       
  |                              
  +-- Arcidens_wheeleri          
  |                              
  +-- Pterosyna                  
  |                              
--+-- Platynaias_compressa       
  |                              
  +-- Lasmigona                  
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_decorata        
  |                              
  +-- Platynaias_subviridis      
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **          
  |                              
  +-- Pyganodon_lacustris **        
  |                              
  +-- Pseudodontoideus           
  |                              
  +-- Strophitus                 
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_imbecillis     
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__1
  |                              
  +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis__2

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2202700--
  +-- Pyganodon_fragilis **
--+                     
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2203393113--
        +-------- Utterbackia         
  +-----+                             
  |     |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis__2 **
  |     +--+                          
  |        |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis__1 **
  |        +--+                       
  |           +-- Pyganodon_lacustris ** 
  |                                   
--+     +-------- Utterbackiana       
  |     |                             
  |  +--+     +-- Lasmigona           
  |  |  |  +--+                       
  |  |  |  |  +-- Pseudodontoideus    
  |  |  +--+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Pterosyna           
  |  |     +--+                       
  +--+        +-- Arcidens            
     |                                
     |     +----- Sulcularia          
     |  +--+                          
     |  |  |  +-- Anodontoides        
     |  |  +--+                       
     |  |     +-- Strophitus          
     +--+                             
        |     +-- Prolasmidonta       
        |  +--+                       
        |  |  +-- Platynaias          
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Alasminota          
           +--+                       
              +-- Alasmidonta

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013455--
  +----- Alasmidonta      
  |                       
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |                       
--+  +-- Pterosyna        
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Lasmigona        
  |                       
  |  +-- Platynaias       
  +--+                    
     +-- Strophitus

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110110133--
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                       
  |  +-- Lasmigona        
  +--+                    
     +-- Pseudodontoideus

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015222--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110120065--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101900--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101911--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013032--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013132--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011011--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011711--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Alasmidonta

Smith et al., 2018 [Publ 3790], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110117167--
           +-- Utterbackia      
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |                             
--+        +-- Anodontoides     
  |  +-----+                    
  |  |     +-- Strophitus       
  |  |                          
  +--+     +-- Alasmidonta      
     |  +--+                    
     |  |  +-- Alasminota       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Pseudodontoideus 
        +--+                    
           +-- Utterbackiana

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013311--
  +-- Strophitus       
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011911--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013511--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona

Inoue et al., 2014 [Publ 3635], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110119138--
     +-------- Pseudodontoideus 
  +--+                          
  |  |  +----- Lasmigona        
  |  +--+                       
  |     |  +-- Pterosyna        
--+     +--+                    
  |        +-- Arcidens         
  |                             
  |  +-------- Strophitus       
  |  |                          
  +--+     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
     |  +--+                    
     |  |  +-- Utterbackia      
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Platynaias       
        +--+                    
           +-- Alasmidonta

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012500--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
  +-- Strophitus       
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Manendo et al., 2008 [Publ 2669], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011211--
  +-- Platynaias       
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011300--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101300--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 4143], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012121--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012322--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Strophitus

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101711--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013022--
  +----- Strophitus       
--+                       
  |  +-- Platynaias       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012442--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Krebs et al., 2003 [Publ 2691], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013287--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017544--
        +-- Alasmidonta      
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Lasmigona        
--+                          
  |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Simpsonaias

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101511--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011011--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2017 [Publ 3837], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012232--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013732--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017544--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Simpsonaias      
--+                          
  |  +----- Strophitus       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Lasmigona

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Platynaias

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101611--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019565--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
  |                          
--+     +-- Alasmidonta      
  |  +--+                    
  |  |  +-- Platynaias       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                    
        +-- Pterosyna

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013943--
     +-- Prolasmidonta    
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013832--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012800--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11018732--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013911--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011000--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011811--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110113844--
        +-- Lasmigona        
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                          
  |  +----- Simpsonaias      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
     +--+                    
        +-- Strophitus

Soroka, 2008 [Publ 3695], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101300--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wen et al., 2017 [Publ 3795], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101511--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Zhou et al., 2016 [Publ 3710], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011932--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011811--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019165--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Platynaias

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101711--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101922--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Strophitus

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011911--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Chen et al., 2020 [Publ 4170], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013354--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Utterbackia      
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011132--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11018532--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011543--
     +-- Lasmigona        
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3846], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Platynaias

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015333--
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
  |  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Prolasmidonta

Lopes-Lima et al., 2019 [Publ 3901], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012700--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hou et al., 2024 [Publ 4400], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017565--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Platynaias

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012322--
  +----- Lasmigona        
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2013 [Publ 3629], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011532--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110113844--
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |                       
  +----- Simpsonaias      
--+                       
  +----- Strophitus       
  |                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Lasmigona

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11016754--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                    
        +-- Platynaias

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101711--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012111--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014633--
  +-------- Lasmigona        
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
     +--+                    
        +-- Strophitus

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3A-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101611--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-bottom

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011211--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110119865--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019022--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Strophitus

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014732--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017944--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Simpsonaias      
--+                          
  |  +----- Strophitus       
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Lasmigona

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014332--
  +----- Pterosyna        
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015222--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11016854--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Platynaias       
     +--+                    
        +-- Alasmidonta

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011832--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012442--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014832--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014332--
  +----- Pterosyna        
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015500--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013511--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Lasmigona

Chong et al., 2008 [Publ 2668], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011777--
-- Pyganodon_fragilis **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4379], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015265--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Platynaias

Hou et al., 2025 [Publ 4445], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015265--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Platynaias       
        +--+                    
           +-- Alasmidonta

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101911--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11016754--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Platynaias       
     +--+                    
        +-- Prolasmidonta

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Strophitus

Froufe et al., 2015 [Publ 3664], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011111--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012211--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Hewitt et al., 2018 [Publ 3758], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101855--
  +-------- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |                          
  |     +-- Platynaias       
--+-----+                    
  |     +-- Strophitus       
  |                          
  |  +----- Lasmigona        
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Arcidens         
     +--+                    
        +-- Pterosyna

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019022--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Strophitus

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011711--
  +-- Alasmidonta      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014042--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017364--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Platynaias

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110112144--
  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |                       
  +----- Simpsonaias      
--+                       
  +----- Strophitus       
  |                       
  |  +-- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                    
     +-- Lasmigona

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011600--
-- Pyganodon **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2e

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011711--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013011--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Whelan et al., 2023 [Publ 4287], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101272611--
  +-------------------- Utterbackiana    
  |                                      
  |                 +-- Utterbackia      
--+  +--------------+                    
  |  |              +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  |  |                                   
  +--+           +----- Alasmidonta      
     |  +--------+                       
     |  |        |  +-- Arcidens         
     |  |        +--+                    
     +--+           +-- Pseudodontoideus 
        |                                
        |  +----------- Alasminota       
        |  |                             
        +--+        +-- Anodontoides     
           |  +-----+                    
           |  |     +-- Strophitus       
           +--+                          
              |  +----- Sulcularia       
              +--+                       
                 |  +-- Platynaias       
                 +--+                    
                    +-- Prolasmidonta

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014532--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014533--
  +-------- Lasmigona        
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011111--
  +-- Utterbackiana    
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011611--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101311--
  +-- Lasmigona        
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101311--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014533--
  +-------- Lasmigona        
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110112444--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11016754--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                    
        +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017332--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013800--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11013788--
  +-------------- Strophitus       
  |                                
  |        +----- Pterosyna        
--+  +-----+                       
  |  |     |  +-- Lasmigona        
  |  |     +--+                    
  +--+        +-- Arcidens         
     |                             
     |  +-------- Utterbackia      
     |  |                          
     +--+-------- Alasmidonta      
        |                          
        |  +----- Pyganodon_grandis **
        +--+                       
           |  +-- Anodontoides     
           +--+                    
              +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11017364--
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +-----+                    
  |     +-- Utterbackia      
--+                          
  |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Alasmidonta      
     +--+                    
        +-- Platynaias

Krebs, 2004 [Publ 2692], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101411--
  +-- Lasmigona        
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014132--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wei et al., 2016 [Publ 3665], fig. 0

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101500--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012222--
  +----- Lasmigona        
--+                       
  |  +-- Strophitus       
  +--+                    
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101400--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019565--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2016 [Publ 3711], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012021--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012433--
  +----- Lasmigona        
  |                       
--+  +-- Strophitus       
  |  |                    
  +--+-- Alasmidonta      
     |                    
     +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101611--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Sheng et al., 2014 [Publ 3704], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101700--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Burzynski et al., 2017 [Publ 3774], fig. 1-top

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011211--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Chen et al., 2012 [Publ 3624], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012111--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11015532--
  +----- Lasmigona        
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11019165--
           +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--------+                    
  |        +-- Utterbackia      
--+                             
  |  +-------- Pterosyna        
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Prolasmidonta    
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Platynaias

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4147], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012921--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Soroka & Burzynski, 2018 [Publ 3762], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101611--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014042--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Fonseca et al., 2016 [Publ 3775], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101811--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1101800--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Amaro et al., 2017 [Publ 3791], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011132--
  +----- Platynaias       
--+                       
  |  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
  +--+                    
     +-- Utterbackia

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014011--
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                    
  +-- Utterbackia

Feng et al., 2016 [Publ 3800], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011311--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11014633--
  +-------- Lasmigona        
--+                          
  |  +----- Alasmidonta      
  +--+                       
     |  +-- Strophitus       
     +--+                    
        +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110110133--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3528], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011600--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Curole & Kocher, 2005 [Publ 2682], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011000--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
110120065--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11018244--
  +----------- Pyganodon_grandis **
--+                             
  |  +-------- Simpsonaias      
  +--+                          
     |  +----- Strophitus       
     +--+                       
        |  +-- Alasmidonta      
        +--+                    
           +-- Lasmigona

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11012211--
  +-- Utterbackia      
--+                    
  +-- Pyganodon_grandis **

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11011700--
-- Pyganodon_grandis **
 
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