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Data last updated
Thu 18 Dec 2025

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae | Gonideini

genus Leguminaia Conrad, 1865: cladomics

3 Recent valid species (3 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3 (3 total)
analyzed in 34 cladograms in 25 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 3 (mean = 1.24, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 6
maximum number of included terminals = 3, (mean = 2.33 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.83

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Leguminaia cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Leguminaia cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 2 7 2 2 2 0 
           +-- Gonidea                
  +--------+                          
  |        +-- Microcondylaea         
  |                                   
--+  +-------- Leguminaia_anatolica **   
  |  |                                
  |  |  +----- Leguminaia_wheatleyi__2 **
  +--+  |                             
     |  +----- Leguminaia_wheatleyi__3 **
     |  |                             
     +--+----- Leguminaia_wheatleyi__4 **
        |                             
        +----- Leguminaia_wheatleyi__5 **
        |                             
        |  +-- Leguminaia_saulcyi **     
        +--+                          
           +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi__1 **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 16 11 -- 
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                         
  |              +----- Gonidea             
--+  +-----------+                          
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |           +--+                       
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea      
     |                                      
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata     
     |  |                                   
     +--+           +-- Koreosolenaia       
        |  +--------+                       
        |  |        +-- Parvasolenaia       
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Postolata           
           |  |                             
           +--+     +-- Obovalis            
              |  +--+                       
              |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus      
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Guiunio             
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cosmopseudodon

Lopes-Lima et al., 2021 [Publ 4217], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 22 0 0 4 
  +----- Leguminaia_anatolica **
--+                          
  |  +-- Leguminaia_saulcyi **  
  +--+                       
     +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 5 3 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia_carinata 
  |                                  
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora 
--+--------+                         
  |        +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita
  |                                  
  |  +-------- Gonidea               
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Microcondylaea        
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **  
        +--+                         
           +-- Leguminaia **

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 10 8 6 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia_carinata
  |                                    
  |     +-------- Inversidens          
--+  +--+                              
  |  |  |  +----- Gonidea              
  |  |  +--+                           
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia_anatolica ** 
  +--+     +--+                        
     |        +-- Leguminaia_saulcyi **   
     |                                 
     |  +-------- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
     +--+                              
        |  +----- Postolata            
        +--+                           
           |  +-- Obovalis             
           +--+                        
              +-- Ptychorhynchus

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 13 0 2 123 5 3 15 
  +-- Chamberlainia         
  |                         
  +-- Sinohyriopsis         
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_caveata    
  |                         
  +-- Lamprotula_leaii      
  |                         
  +-- Potomida              
  |                         
  +-- Pronodularia          
  |                         
--+-- Gonidea               
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **  
  |                         
  +-- Leguminaia **            
  |                         
  +-- Microcondylaea        
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora 
  |                         
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 5 3 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia        
--+                                
  |  +-------- Gonidea             
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Microcondylaea      
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
        +--+                       
           +-- Leguminaia **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 82 2 2 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 7 6 -- 
        +----- Gonidea             
  +-----+                          
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |     +--+                       
--+        +-- Microcondylaea      
  |                                
  |  +-------- Inversidens         
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Sinosolenaia        
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia       
        +--+                       
           +-- Ptychorhynchus

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 13 9 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                   
  |        +----- Gonidea             
--+  +-----+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |     +--+                       
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea      
  +--+                                
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia       
     |  +-----+                       
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Postolata           
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus      
           +--+                       
              +-- Obovalis

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 117 8 5 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Froufe et al., 2016 [Publ 3727], fig. 3_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 6 1 1 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 198 8 6 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                
  |     +----- Gonidea             
--+  +--+                          
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |  +--+                       
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea      
     |                             
     |  +----- Ptychorhynchus      
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia       
        +--+                       
           +-- Koreosolenaia

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 9 6 -- 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia_carinata 
  |                               
  |  +----- Gonidea               
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **  
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Microcondylaea        
--+                               
  |  +----- Ptychorhynchus        
  +--+                            
  |  |  +-- Parvasolenaia         
  |  +--+                         
  |     +-- Koreosolenaia         
  |                               
  |  +----- Sinosolenaia_recognita
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea 
     +--+                         
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 7 6 -- 
        +----- Sinosolenaia        
  +-----+                          
  |     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus      
  |     +--+                       
--+        +-- Parvasolenaia       
  |                                
  |  +-------- Inversidens         
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Gonidea             
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Microcondylaea      
        +--+                       
           +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 2 2 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 121 11 8 -- 
     +-------- Sinosolenaia        
  +--+                             
  |  |  +----- Gonidea             
  |  +--+                          
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
--+     +--+                       
  |        +-- Microcondylaea      
  |                                
  |  +-------- Inversidens         
  |  |                             
  +--+     +-- Obovalis            
     |  +--+                       
     |  |  +-- Ptychorhynchus      
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia       
        +--+                       
           +-- Koreosolenaia

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 79 5 4 -- 
  +-------- Sinosolenaia        
--+                             
  |  +----- Gonidea             
  +--+                          
     |  +-- Microcondylaea      
     +--+                       
        +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 9 6 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                
  |     +----- Gonidea             
--+  +--+                          
  |  |  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |  +--+                       
  +--+     +-- Microcondylaea      
     |                             
     |     +-- Ptychorhynchus      
     |     |                       
     +-----+-- Parvasolenaia       
           |                       
           +-- Koreosolenaia

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 5 5 -- 
  +----------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                
--+        +-- Ptychorhynchus      
  |  +-----+                       
  |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia       
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Gonidea             
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Microcondylaea      
        +--+                       
           +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2025 [Publ 4423], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 49 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Gonidea             
  +--+                       
     +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4084], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Gonidea             
  +--+                       
     +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 7 6 -- 
           +-- Ptychorhynchus      
  +--------+                       
  |        +-- Parvasolenaia       
--+                                
  |  +-------- Inversidens         
  +--+                             
     |  +----- Gonidea             
     +--+                          
        |  +-- Microcondylaea      
        +--+                       
           +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  +--+                       
     +-- Gonidea

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 15 10 -- 
  +-------------------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                         
  |              +----- Gonidea             
--+  +-----------+                          
  |  |           |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |           +--+                       
  +--+              +-- Microcondylaea      
     |                                      
     |  +-------------- Pseudopostolata     
     |  |                                   
     +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia       
        |  +--------+                       
        |  |        +-- Koreosolenaia       
        +--+                                
           |  +-------- Postolata           
           +--+                             
              |  +----- Ptychorhynchus      
              +--+                          
                 |  +-- Obovalis            
                 +--+                       
                    +-- Cosmopseudodon

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 57 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Gonidea             
  +--+                       
     +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Kongim et al., 2023 [Publ 4290], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  +--+                       
     +-- Gonidea

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 13 9 -- 
  +-------------- Sinosolenaia        
  |                                   
  |        +----- Gonidea             
--+  +-----+                          
  |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  |  |     +--+                       
  |  |        +-- Microcondylaea      
  +--+                                
     |        +-- Koreosolenaia       
     |  +-----+                       
     |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia       
     +--+                             
        |  +----- Postolata           
        +--+                          
           |  +-- Ptychorhynchus      
           +--+                       
              +-- Obovalis

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 75 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Gonidea             
  +--+                       
     +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 81 1 1 -- 
  +-- Gonidea             
--+                       
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Konopleva et al., 2021 [Publ 4213], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 26 1 1 -- 
-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 111 8 5 -- 
  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea    
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata    
  |                            
  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **     
  |                            
  +-- Microcondylaea           
--+                            
  +-- Gonidea                  
  |                            
  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
  |                            
  +-- Parvasolenaia            
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2
  |                            
  +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 2 2 -- 
  +----- Sinosolenaia        
--+                          
  |  +-- Leguminaia_wheatleyi **
  +--+                       
     +-- Gonidea
 
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