Froufe, E., I. Bolotov, D.C. Aldridge, A.E. Bogan, S. Breton et al. 2019. Mesozoic mitogenome rearrangements and freshwater mussel (Bivalvia: Unionoidea) macroevolution. Heredity 124: 182-196. Available electronically.
(click the figure number to see the cladogram)
+----- Pseudunio_marocanus
+--------------------------+
| | +-- Margaritifera_dahurica
| +--+
| +-- Margaritifera_falcata
|
| +----------- Quadrula_quadrula
| |
| +-----------------+ +-------- Toxolasma_parvum
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Lampsilis_ornata
| | | +--+
--+ | | | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| | +--+
| | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| |
| | +----- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii
+--+ |
| +--------+ +-------- Potomida_littoralis
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +----- Pronodularia_japanensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | |
| | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| +--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati
| |
| | +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Aculamprotula_coreana
| | +-----+
+--+ | | +----- Nodularia_douglasiae
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
| | |
| | | +-------- Unio_tumidus
| | +--+
| | | +----- Unio_nanus
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Unio_pictorum
| +--+
| +-- Unio_delphinus
|
| +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_grayii
| |
| | +-------- Cristaria_plicata
+--+ +-----+
| | | +----- Anemina_arcaeformis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta_lucida
+--+ +--+
| +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
|
| +----------- Anodonta_anatina
+--+
| +-------- Pterosyna_complanata
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon_grandis
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
+--+
+-- Utterbackia_imbecillis
+-------------------- Pseudunio_marocanus
|
| +----- Quadrula_quadrula
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| |
| | +----- Unio_tumidus
| | +-----+
| | | | +-- Unio_nanus
+--+ | +--+
| +--+ +-- Unio_delphinus
| | |
| | | +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana
| | +--+
| | | +----- Anodonta_anatina
| | +--+
| | | +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
| +-- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| +--------+
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| |
+--+ +-- Potomida_littoralis
| +-----+
| | +-- Pronodularia_japanensis
| |
+--+ +-- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
+--+
| +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
+--+
+-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
+-------------------- Pseudunio_marocanus
|
| +----- Quadrula_quadrula
| +-----------+
| | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
--+ | +--+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| |
| | +----- Unio_tumidus
| | +-----+
| | | | +-- Unio_nanus
+--+ | +--+
| +--+ +-- Unio_delphinus
| | |
| | | +-------- Sinanodonta_woodiana
| | +--+
| | | +----- Anodonta_anatina
| | +--+
| | | +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
+--+ +--+
| +-- Pyganodon_grandis
|
| +-- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| +--------+
| | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| |
+--+ +-- Potomida_littoralis
| +-----+
| | +-- Pronodularia_japanensis
| |
+--+ +-- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
+--+
| +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
+--+
+-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
+----- Pseudunio_marocanus
+--------------------------+
| | +-- Margaritifera_dahurica
| +--+
| +-- Margaritifera_falcata
|
| +----------- Quadrula_quadrula
| |
| +-----------------+ +-------- Toxolasma_parvum
| | | |
| | +--+ +-- Potamilus_leptodon
| | | +--+
--+ | | | +-- Potamilus_alatus
| | +--+
| | | +-- Lampsilis_ornata
| | +--+
| | +-- Venustaconcha_ellipsiformis
| |
| | +----- Chamberlainia_somsakpanhai
| | +-----------+
| | | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_cumingii
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Sinohyriopsis_schlegelii
+--+ |
| +--------+ +-------- Potomida_littoralis
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +----- Pronodularia_japanensis
| | | | +--+
| | | | | +-- Lamprotula_leaii
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Lamprotula_caveata
| | |
| | | +-- Pilsbryoconcha_exilis
| | | +--------+
| | | | +-- Pseudodon_vondembuschianus
| | +--+
| | | +-------- Ptychorhynchus_pfisteri
| | +--+
+--+ | +----- Microcondylaea_bonellii
| +--+
| | +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata
| +--+
| +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora
|
| +----------------------- Lepidodesma_languilati
| |
| | +----- Aculamprotula_tortuosa
| | +--------+
| | | | +-- Aculamprotula_tientsinensis
| | | +--+
| | | +-- Aculamprotula_coreana
| | +-----+
+--+ | | +----- Nodularia_douglasiae
| | | +-----+
| | | | | +-- Tchangsinaia_piscicula
| | | | +--+
| | +--+ +-- Schistodesmus_lampreyanus
| | |
| | | +-------- Unio_tumidus
| | +--+
| | | +----- Unio_nanus
+--+ +--+
| | +-- Unio_pictorum
| +--+
| +-- Unio_delphinus
|
| +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
| +--------------+
| | +-- Lanceolaria_grayii
| |
| | +-------- Cristaria_plicata
+--+ +-----+
| | | +----- Anemina_arcaeformis
| | +--+
| | | +-- Sinanodonta_lucida
+--+ +--+
| +-- Sinanodonta_woodiana
|
| +----------- Anodonta_anatina
+--+
| +-------- Pterosyna_complanata
+--+
| +----- Pyganodon_grandis
+--+
| +-- Utterbackia_peninsularis
+--+
+-- Utterbackia_imbecillis