Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini

genus Epioblasma Rafinesque, 1831: cladomics

28 Recent valid species (29 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 28 (29 total)
analyzed in 38 cladograms in 26 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 7 (mean = 2.21, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 14
maximum number of included terminals = 7, (mean = 4.29 median = 4)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Epioblasma cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Epioblasma cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 16

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 5 7 0 0 0 **
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma rangiana Epioblasma capsaeformis Epioblasma ahlstedti Epioblasma aureola Epioblasma walkeri

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.607 5 5 4 5 628 88 26 3.0
Cladomics cladogram Potamilus inflatus Potamilus ohiensis Potamilus amphichaenus Potamilus streckersoni Potamilus fragilis 2 Potamilus leptodon Potamilus fragilis 1 Potamilus metnecktayi Potamilus alatus 3 Potamilus alatus 2 Potamilus purpuratus 2 Potamilus alatus 1 Potamilus purpuratus 1 Villosa villosa Atlanticoncha Cambarunio nebulosus Ligumia Leaunio umbrans Cambarunio taeniatus Cambarunio iris Cambarunio simus Hamiota Pachynaias Sagittunio Ellipsaria Potamilus capax Truncilla Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Medionidus penicillatus Ptychobranchus Cyprogenia aberti 2 Dromus Cyprogenia stegaria 2 Cyprogenia aberti 1 Cyprogenia stegaria 1 Villosa delumbis Villosa vibex Obovaria olivaria Obovaria retusa Obovaria choctawensis Obovaria unicolor Obovaria subrotunda Venustaconcha Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma rangiana 2 Epioblasma rangiana 1 Epioblasma capsaeformis Epioblasma walkeri Mesonaias Obovaria arkansasensis Lampsilis splendida Lampsilis bracteata Lampsilis fasciola Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata 2 Lampsilis dolabraeformis Lampsilis cardium 2 Lampsilis cardium 1 Lampsilis satura Lampsilis cariosa 2 Lampsilis ovata 1 Lampsilis cariosa 1 Ortmanniana ligamentina 2 Lampsilis abrupta Lampsilis higginsii 2 Ortmanniana ligamentina 1 Lampsilis higginsii 1 Medionidus conradicus Leaunio lienosus Leaunio vanuxemensis Lampsilis floridensis Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea 1 Lampsilis siliquoidea 2 Lampsilis powellii 1 Lampsilis powellii 2 Lampsilis sietmani Lampsilis straminea 2 Lampsilis virescens Lampsilis hydiana 2 Lampsilis hydiana 1 Lampsilis bergmanni Lampsilis straminea 1

Jones & Neves, 2010 [Publ 2646], fig. 17

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 7 7 1 7 0 0 0 4.0
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma capsaeformis Epioblasma aureola Epioblasma walkeri Epioblasma rangiana Epioblasma ahlstedti

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 5 5 3 5 51 43 22 4.0
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Glebula Paetulunio Obliquaria Toxolasma Sagittunio Potamilus Medionidus conradicus Ptychobranchus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Dromus Cyprogenia Lampsilis teres Truncilla Ellipsaria Leaunio Hamiota Lampsilis fasciola Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana ligamentina Cambarunio Ligumia Venustaconcha Obovaria Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma rangiana Epioblasma walkeri Epioblasma capsaeformis

Zanatta & Murphy, 2006 [Publ 2672], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.833 5 5 3 5 52 43 22 4.0
Cladomics cladogram Paetulunio Toxolasma Obliquaria Glebula Cyrtonaias Ptychobranchus Dromus Cyprogenia Medionidus conradicus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Sagittunio Potamilus Truncilla Ellipsaria Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis cardium Ligumia Cambarunio Lampsilis teres Hamiota Leaunio Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis siliquoidea Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha Obovaria unicolor Obovaria subrotunda Obovaria arkansasensis Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma rangiana Epioblasma walkeri Epioblasma capsaeformis

Jones et al., 2006 [Publ 2681], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 5 5 4 5 0 0 0 5.0
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma capsaeformis 2 Epioblasma capsaeformis 1 Epioblasma walkeri Epioblasma rangiana

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.792 4 4 3 4 98 39 22 6.0
Cladomics cladogram Toxolasma Obliquaria Cyrtonaias Glebula Potamilus Medionidus acutissimus Lemiox Dromus Cyprogenia Sagittunio Medionidus conradicus Ptychobranchus Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 2 Ellipsaria Truncilla Villosa Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 1 Obovaria unicolor Obovaria arkansasensis Obovaria subrotunda Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma walkeri 2 Epioblasma capsaeformis Epioblasma walkeri 1 Hamiota Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ovata Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis ornata Ligumia Cambarunio Lampsilis teres Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis siliquoidea Leaunio

Campbell et al., 2005 [Publ 2660], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 4 4 3 4 98 39 22 4.0
Cladomics cladogram Obliquaria Cyrtonaias Glebula Sagittunio Leaunio Potamilus Hamiota Ellipsaria Truncilla Lampsilis teres Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis siliquoidea Villosa Ligumia Cambarunio Ortmanniana pectorosa Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ovata Ptychobranchus Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 1 Medionidus conradicus Lemiox Medionidus acutissimus Dromus Cyprogenia Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha ellipsiformis 2 Obovaria unicolor Obovaria arkansasensis Obovaria subrotunda Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma walkeri 1 Epioblasma walkeri 2 Epioblasma capsaeformis

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 1 4 3 3 3 6.0
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Cambarunio Villosa Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma capsaeformis 1 Epioblasma capsaeformis 2 Epioblasma capsaeformis 3 Epioblasma walkeri 1 Epioblasma walkeri 2

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 2B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 7.0
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Cambarunio Villosa Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma capsaeformis 3 Epioblasma capsaeformis 1 Epioblasma capsaeformis 2 Epioblasma walkeri 1 Epioblasma walkeri 2

Buhay et al., 2002 [Publ 2661], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.667 4 4 2 4 1 1 1 6.0
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis siliquoidea 1 Lampsilis siliquoidea 2 Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma capsaeformis Epioblasma walkeri 1 Epioblasma walkeri 2

Grobler et al., 2011 [Publ 3359], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 2 2 0 2 15 14 9 --
Cladomics cladogram Lemiox Medionidus Dromus Cyprogenia Potamilus Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis higginsii Ortmanniana Lampsilis fasciola Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ovata Cambarunio Ligumia Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma capsaeformis

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 2 2 0 2 28 10 8 --
Cladomics cladogram Ligumia Truncilla Ptychobranchus Sagittunio Lampsilis siliquoidea Epioblasma triquetra Epioblasma brevidens Ortmanniana Cambarunio Leaunio Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis fasciola

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.900 2 2 0 2 28 10 8 --
Cladomics cladogram Truncilla Ligumia Ptychobranchus Sagittunio Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis fasciola Epioblasma brevidens Epioblasma triquetra Cambarunio Leaunio

Smith et al., 2019 [Publ 3951], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.905 1 1 0 1 40 35 19 --
Cladomics cladogram Obliquaria Medionidus Lemiox Cyprogenia Ptychobranchus Potamilus Atlanticoncha Ellipsaria Truncilla Hamiota Villosa Ligumia Venustaconcha Obovaria Epioblasma rangiana Ortmanniana pectorosa Ortmanniana ligamentina Lampsilis

Burlakova et al., 2019 [Publ 3899], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.895 1 1 0 1 32 25 17 --
Cladomics cladogram Toxolasma Potamilus Ellipsaria Truncilla Medionidus Lemiox Dromus Cambarunio Leaunio Villosa Sagittunio Lampsilis ovata Venustaconcha Epioblasma rangiana Obovaria Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis hydiana Lampsilis straminea

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3866], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 11 11 --
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Glebula Potamilus Truncilla Ptychobranchus Pachynaias Mesonaias Lampsilis Ortmanniana Cambarunio Epioblasma triquetra Ligumia

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 22 11 11 --
Cladomics cladogram Glebula Cyrtonaias Potamilus Ptychobranchus Truncilla Ortmanniana Epioblasma triquetra Lampsilis Ligumia Cambarunio Pachynaias Mesonaias

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 1-2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 1 1 0 1 72 14 10 --
Cladomics cladogram Potamilus alatus Potamilus capax Glebula Toxolasma Paetulunio Dromus Lemiox Lampsilis ovata Obliquaria Lampsilis virescens Epioblasma rangiana Obovaria arkansasensis Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha

Campbell & Lydeard, 2012 [Publ 3309], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 1 1 0 1 72 14 10 --
Cladomics cladogram Obliquaria Potamilus Dromus Lemiox Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis virescens Epioblasma rangiana Obovaria arkansasensis Obovaria olivaria Venustaconcha

Inoue et al., 2020 [Publ 4128], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 21 10 10 --
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Ptychobranchus Ligumia Potamilus Pachynaias Epioblasma triquetra Truncilla Mesonaias Cambarunio Ortmanniana Lampsilis

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 1 1 0 1 34 15 9 --
Cladomics cladogram Toxolasma Obliquaria Obovaria Lampsilis cardium Potamilus Epioblasma triquetra Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis higginsii Ligumia Lampsilis teres Ellipsaria Truncilla

Boyer et al., 2011 [Publ 2718], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.818 1 1 0 1 37 15 9 --
Cladomics cladogram Potamilus Ellipsaria Truncilla Lampsilis cardium Ligumia Obovaria Epioblasma triquetra Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis higginsii

Szumowski et al., 2012 [Publ 3569], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.909 1 1 0 1 15 14 9 --
Cladomics cladogram Ellipsaria Truncilla Obliquaria Potamilus Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis teres Lampsilis siliquoidea Ortmanniana Lampsilis higginsii Hamiota Epioblasma triquetra Cambarunio Ligumia

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 46 7 7 --
Cladomics cladogram Obliquaria Truncilla Ptychobranchus Ligumia Cambarunio Epioblasma triquetra Lampsilis Ortmanniana

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 1 1 0 1 46 7 7 --
Cladomics cladogram Ptychobranchus Truncilla Ortmanniana Lampsilis Cambarunio Ligumia Epioblasma triquetra

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 1 1 0 1 45 7 7 --
Cladomics cladogram Ptychobranchus Truncilla Ortmanniana Lampsilis Cambarunio Ligumia Epioblasma triquetra

Jadhav & Jamkhedkar, 2009 [Publ 3697], fig. 11

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.889 1 1 0 1 24 7 7 --
Cladomics cladogram Truncilla Lampsilis Epioblasma triquetra Ligumia Obliquaria Ortmanniana

Inoue et al., 2018 [Publ 3858], fig. 1_3a-c

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.556 1 1 0 1 104 10 7 --
Cladomics cladogram Dromus Epioblasma rangiana Glebula Lampsilis ovata Lampsilis virescens Lemiox Obliquaria Obovaria olivaria Obovaria unicolor Plectomerus Potamilus alatus Potamilus capax

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.875 1 1 0 1 45 6 6 --
Cladomics cladogram Truncilla Ptychobranchus Ortmanniana Cambarunio Ligumia Epioblasma triquetra

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 17 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Epioblasma rangiana Venustaconcha

Zanatta & Harris, 2013 [Publ 3530], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 4 3 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis Epioblasma rangiana Venustaconcha

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.750 1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Lampsilis

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 30 2 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Cyrtonaias Lampsilis Epioblasma triquetra

Lane et al., 2016 [Publ 3735], fig. 3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 4 4 2 --
Cladomics cladogram Paetulunio Epioblasma capsaeformis Venustaconcha

Hewitt et al., 2019 [Publ 3962], fig. 2

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
0.667 1 1 0 1 9 6 1 --
Cladomics cladogram Lampsilis siliquoidea Lampsilis fasciola Epioblasma rangiana Lampsilis radiata Lampsilis ornata Lampsilis cardium 1 Lampsilis ovata 1 Lampsilis cardium 6 Lampsilis cardium 5 Lampsilis cardium 2 Lampsilis ovata 2 Lampsilis cardium 3 Lampsilis cardium 4

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 7 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Hyridella australis Diplodon Hyridella depressa Velesunio Echyridella Castalia

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

cst iT tT bi riS oT roT roS iD
1.000 1 1 0 1 8 0 0 --
Cladomics cladogram Epioblasma triquetra Hyridella depressa Hyridella australis Diplodon Echyridella Castalia Velesunio 3 Velesunio 4 Velesunio 2 Velesunio angasi Velesunio 1 Alathyria