species Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819: synonymy

Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819

Lamarck, 1819. Hist. Natur. Anim. sans Vert. 6: 67, sp. 1.
HOLOTYPE MNHN-IM-2000-27235, Amérique du Sud.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Ihering (1910), Haas (1916)
Castalia ambigua — Corsi (1900), F. Baker (1913), Vernhout (1914), Thiele (1934), Morretes (1949), ... Torres et al. (2024), Nagel (2025), Campbell & Lydeard (2026), Lawrie et al. (2026), Prié et al. (2026)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua ambigua — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Mansur & Valer (1992), Ramírez et al. (2003), Martinez et al. (2004), Lasso et al. (2009)
Castalia inflata — Figueiras (1965)

Unio ambiguus G.B. Sowerby, 1821

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ G.B. Sowerby, 1821. Genera of Shells 2: pl. 85, fig. 2.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)

Tetraplodon pectinatus Spix in Wagner, 1827

Spix in Wagner, 1827. Test. Fluv. Brasil.: 32, pl. 25, fig. 3-4.
SYNTYPE MNHN_MP_0117, Brazil [described from “Habitat in flumine S. Francisci in Provincia Minarum” [= Minas Gerais].

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Castalia ambigua — Corsi (1900), Simone (2006)
Tetraplodon pectinatus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) pectinatus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia pectinata — Ortmann (1921), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua pectinata — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua pectinata — Bonetto (1965)

Castalia ambigua Wood, 1828

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
Wood, 1828. Suppl. Index Testac.: 3 [as ‘Mya ambigua’].
Wood, 1828. Suppl. Index Testac.: 30, pl. 1, fig. 9.
Wood & Hanley, 1856. Index Testac.: 200, pl. 1, fig. 9.

Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)

Castalia ambigua Sowerby, 1839

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ Sowerby, 1839. Conch. Man.: fig. 140.

Tetraplodon retusus — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon cordatus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) retusus — Simpson (1914)

Castalia turgida Hupé, 1857

Hupé, 1857. [in] Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. Rares d’Amer. Sud: 76, pl. 14, fig. 1.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon turgidus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia turgida — Morretes (1949)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857

Hupé, 1857. [in] Castelnau, Anim. Nouv. Rares d’Amer. Sud: 77, pl. 14, fig. 3.
HOLOTYPE MNHN-IM-2000-28618, Rio Mondego, (Bresil).

Tetraplodon quadrilaterum — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon acuticosta — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) quadrilaterus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia acuticosta — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Bonetto (1961)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia quadrilatera — Haas (1969), Quintana (1982)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia hanleyana Sowerby, 1869

Sowerby, 1869. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 1, sp. 5.
HOLOTYPE BMNH_1900-3-19-5, Hab._?

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon hanleyanus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia hanleyana — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera quadrilatera — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia carolinensis Sowerby, 1869

Sowerby, 1869. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 2, sp. 6.
HOLOTYPE BMNH_1841-4-6-149, South Carolina.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon retusus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera retusa — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia cordata Strobel, 1874

(misidentified reference to Castalia cordata Swainson, 1840)
Strobel, 1874. Bibliotheca Malacologica 4: 75.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia ambigua — Haas (1969), Simone (2006)

Castalia ambigua Ihering, 1890

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ Ihering, 1890. Arch. Naturg. 56(1): 162.

Castalia pectinata — Ortmann (1921)

Castalia ambigua var. kuesteri Ihering, 1893

(intro'd as intra-sp. of Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
Ihering, 1893. Arch. Naturg. 59(1): 88 [as ‘küsteri’].

Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Tetraplodon baro Ihering, 1910

Ihering, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 127.
HOLOTYPE SMF_3789, Amazonas.

Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) baro — Simpson (1914)
Castalia baro — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931), Morretes (1949), Haas (1969)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006), Nagel (2025)

Tetraplodon juruanus Ihering, 1910

Ihering, 1904. Rev. Mus. Paul. 6: 460 [as ‘T. ambiguus’].
Ihering, 1910. Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 32: 126.
HOLOTYPE SMF_3790, Rio Juruá, Brasilien.

Tetraplodon juruanus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) juruanus — Simpson (1914)
Castalia juruana — Haas (1931), Morretes (1949)
Castalia juruanus — Haas (1932)
Castalia (s.s.) ambigua crosseana — Modell (1950)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Mansur & Valer (1992), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Castalia quadrilatera — Haas (1969)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006), Nagel (2025)

Chevronais colombiana Olsson & Wurtz, 1951

Olsson & Wurtz, 1951. Notulae Naturae (239): 6, text fig. 3-6.
HOLOTYPE (ORIG. DESIG.) ANSP_187181, Rio Caqueta, above Tres Esquinas, Colombia.

Chevronais colombiana — Olsson & Wurtz (1951)
Castalia ambigua ambigua — Bonetto (1965), Ramírez et al. (2003)
Chevronaias [sic] colombiana — Haas (1969), Haas (1969)
Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Tetraplodon humilis Marshall, in USNM coll. of Authors

Marshall, in USNM coll. of Authors.
MANUSCRIPT NAME USNM_362400, Lake Rogagua, Western Bolivia.

Castalia castelnauii ‘Hupé’ of Authors

(misidentified reference to Hyria castelnaudii Hupé, 1857)
‘Hupé’ of Authors.

Prisodon trigonum Schumacher, 1815

Schumacher, 1815. Overs. Dansk. Vid. Selsk. Forhandl. Kjobehhaven 1813-1815: 7. [nomen nudum]

Tetraplodon pectinatus Spix in Wagner, 1827

(reference to Tetraplodon pectinatus Spix in Wagner, 1827)
Spix in Wagner, 1827. Test. Fluv. Brasil.: 32, pl. 25, fig. 3. [in part]

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900)
Tetraplodon pectinatus — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) ambiguus — Simpson (1914)

Unio ambiguus Küster, 1861

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ Küster, 1861. Conchyl. Cab. 9(2): 165, pl. 48, fig. 1.

Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) baro — Simpson (1914)
Tetraplodon ambiguus — Haas (1916)
Castalia (s.s.) quadrilatera küsteri — Modell (1950)

Castalia ambigua Sowerby, 1869

(reference to Castalia ambigua Lamarck, 1819)
‘Lamarck’ Sowerby, 1869. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 1, sp. 1, figs. 1a-c.

Tetraplodon ambiguus — Simpson (1900), Haas (1916)
Tetraplodon baro — Ihering (1910)
Tetraplodon (Group of T. ambiguus) baro — Simpson (1914)
Castalia baro — Ortmann (1921), Haas (1931)

Castalia acuticostata Sowerby, 1869

(error for Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857)
‘Hupé’ Sowerby, 1869. Conch. Icon. 17: pl. 3, sp. 12.

Castalia ambigua — Simone (2006)

Castalia acuaticosta Ramírez et al., 2003

(error for Castalia acuticosta Hupé, 1857)
‘Hupe’ Ramírez et al., 2003. Rev. Biol. Trop. 51: 273.