Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Margaritiferidae | Margaritiferinae

genus Pseudunio Haas, 1910: cladomics

3 Recent valid species (5 total species)

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 3 (5 total)
analyzed in 78 cladograms in 43 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 5 (mean = 1.5, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 29
maximum number of included terminals = 5, (mean = 2.34 median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.93

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Pseudunio cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Pseudunio cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Lyubas et al., 2019 [Publ 3963], fig. 10

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 1 5 11 8 2 0 
  +----------- Margaritifera             
  |                                      
--+  +-------- Cumberlandia              
  |  |                                   
  +--+  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **       
     |  |                                
     +--+  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **    
        |  |                             
        |  +-- Pseudunio_flabellata **      
        +--+                             
           +-- Pseudunio_flabellatiformis **
           |                             
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 15 13 4 23 8 2 15 
  +----------- Pseudunio_marocanus **      
  |                                     
  |        +-- Pseudunio_auricularius__1 **
--+        |                            
  |  +-----+-- Pseudunio_auricularius__2 **
  |  |     |                            
  +--+     +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **      
     |                                  
     |  +----- Gibbosula                
     +--+                               
        |  +-- Cumberlandia             
        +--+                            
           +-- Margaritifera

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 25 8 2 2 
  +----------- Margaritifera         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
        +--+                         
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 198 8 2 2 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
  |                               
--+-------- Margaritifera         
  |                               
  |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 25 8 2 2 
  +----------- Margaritifera         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
        +--+                         
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 196 8 2 2 
  +----------- Margaritifera         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
        +--+                         
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 198 8 2 2 
  +----------- Cumberlandia          
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Margaritifera         
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
        +--+                         
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Vikhrev et al., 2018 [Publ 3812], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 10 7 2 2 
  +----------- Margaritifera         
--+                                  
  |  +-------- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
        +--+                         
           +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 27 8 2 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera         
--+                               
  |  +----- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 7 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 74 7 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 4 2 -- 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
--+                               
  |  +----- Margaritifera         
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 6 2 -- 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
--+                               
  |  +----- Margaritifera         
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 8 2 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera         
--+                               
  |  +----- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 8 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Riccardi et al., 2020 [Publ 4089], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 17 0 0 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 32 8 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Inoue et al., 2013 [Publ 3579], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 7 6 2 -- 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
--+                               
  |  +----- Margaritifera         
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 8 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 28 7 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 39 4 2 -- 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
--+                               
  |  +----- Margaritifera         
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 1_2b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 11 8 2 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera         
--+                               
  |  +----- Cumberlandia          
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 74 7 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera         
--+                            
  |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
  +--+                         
     +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2395], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 6 5 2 -- 
  +-------- Cumberlandia          
--+                               
  |  +----- Margaritifera         
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
     +--+                         
        +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 7 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 137 7 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Araujo et al., 2016 [Publ 3746], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 9 8 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 8 0 2 8 6 2 9 
  +-------- Pseudunio_marocanus **   
--+                               
  |  +----- Pseudunio_auricularius **
  +--+                            
     |  +-- Cumberlandia          
     +--+                         
        +-- Margaritifera

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 66 8 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Välilä et al., 2017 [Publ 3793], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera         
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Prié & Puillandre, 2014 [Publ 3529], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 2 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3734], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
--+                         
  +-- Margaritifera

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 43 2 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 2 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera      
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Cumberlandia

Araujo et al., 2018 [Publ 3779], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 5 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera      
--+                         
  |  +-- Cumberlandia       
  +--+                      
     +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Bolotov et al., 2015 [Publ 3646], fig. 2A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 8 7 2 -- 
  +----------- Margaritifera_margaritifera
  |                                       
  |     +----- Margaritifera_dahurica__1  
  |     |                                 
  +-----+----- Margaritifera_dahurica__2  
--+     |                                 
  |     |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **     
  |     +--+                              
  |        +-- Cumberlandia               
  |                                       
  |  +-------- Margaritifera_falcata      
  +--+                                    
     |  +----- Margaritifera_laevis       
     +--+                                 
        |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi 
        +--+                              
           +-- Margaritifera_marrianae

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                         
  |  +-- Margaritifera      
  +--+                      
     +-- Cumberlandia

Bashê, 2022 [Publ 4265], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_homsensis **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera         
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Prie et al., 2012 [Publ 3487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 5 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 3 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia          
--+                            
  |  +-- Margaritifera         
  +--+                         
     +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 6 2 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
  |                         
--+-- Cumberlandia          
  |                         
  +-- Margaritifera

Cha et al., 2018 [Publ 3916], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 37 2 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 2 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Margaritifera      
  +--+                      
     +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 5-6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 6 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera         
--+                            
  |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
  +--+                         
     +-- Cumberlandia

Burzynski & Soroka, 2018 [Publ 3862], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Cumberlandia

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 47 2 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 10 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 5 2 -- 
  +----- Margaritifera      
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_homsensis **
  +--+                      
     +-- Cumberlandia

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera         
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 7 5 2 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera  
  |                                      
  |  +----- Cumberlandia                 
--+  |                                   
  |  |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **       
  |  |  |                                
  +--+  +-- Margaritifera_dahurica       
     |  |                                
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi__1
     |  |                                
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi__2
     +--+                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__1     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__2     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__3     
        |                                
        +-- Margaritifera_falcata__4

Machordom et al., 2003 [Publ 2688], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 2 1 1 -- 
  +-- Margaritifera         
--+                         
  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 1 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Cumberlandia

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Araujo et al., 2017 [Publ 3801], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Araujo et al., 2009 [Publ 2589], fig. 7C

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_auricularius **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3792], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 31 2 1 -- 
  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
--+                      
  +-- Margaritifera

Froufe et al., 2019 [Publ 3936], fig. 3-M

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 18 0 0 -- 
-- Pseudunio_marocanus **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Takeuchi et al., 2015 [Publ 3661], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 8 0 2 9 7 2 12 
  +----- Pseudunio_auricularius__1 **
  |                               
--+----- Pseudunio_auricularius__2 **
  |                               
  |  +-- Cumberlandia             
  +--+                            
     +-- Margaritifera

Huff et al., 2004 [Publ 2697], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 11 6 2 -- 
  +-------- Margaritifera_dahurica        
  |                                       
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__1
  |                                       
  +-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__2
  |                                       
--+-------- Margaritifera_margaritifera__3
  |                                       
  |     +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **        
  +-----+                                 
  |     +-- Cumberlandia                  
  |                                       
  |  +----- Margaritifera_falcata         
  +--+                                    
     |  +-- Margaritifera_middendorffi    
     +--+                                 
        +-- Margaritifera_marrianae

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Gomes-dos-Santos et al., 2019 [Publ 3943], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 9 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia          
--+                            
  |  +-- Pseudunio_auricularius **
  +--+                         
     +-- Margaritifera

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 4 2 -- 
  +----- Cumberlandia       
--+                         
  |  +-- Pseudunio_marocanus **
  +--+                      
     +-- Margaritifera