Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Unioninae

tribe ACUTICOSTINI Starobogatov, 1967: cladomics

1 genus

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 5 (5 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 1
analyzed in 59 cladograms in 36 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 2 (mean = 1.08, median = 1)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 5
maximum number of included terminals = 2, (mean = 2 median = 2)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Cladograms

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 121 70 4 -- 
  +----- Acuticosta **   
  |                   
  +----- Lepidodesmini
--+                   
  +----- Unionini     
  |                   
  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                
     +-- Anodontini

Wang et al., 2025 [Publ 4488], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 63 61 3 -- 
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
--+                      
  |  +----- Unionini     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 19 11 3 -- 
     +----- Aculamprotulina
  +--+                     
  |  |  +-- Tchangsinaia   
  |  +--+                  
--+     +-- Nodularia      
  |                        
  |  +----- Schistodesmus  
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Lanceolariini  
     +--+                  
        +-- Acuticosta **

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 14 3 -- 
  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |                        
--+     +-- Aculamprotulina
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Acuticosta **     
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Anodontini     
     +--+                  
        +-- Oxynaiina

Ouyang et al., 2015 [Publ 4493], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 29 14 3 -- 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 1 45 31 4 -- 
  +-------------- Anemina      
  |                            
--+  +----------- Sinanodonta  
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-------- Acuticosta **   
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Lepidodesmini
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Cristaria    
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lanceolariini
           +--+                
              +-- Unionini

Aunins et al., 2018 [Publ 3863], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 39 25 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 33 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 31 4 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **   
  |                      
--+  +----- Lepidodesmini
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Unionini     
     |                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 25 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 21 4 -- 
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__1  
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii__2  
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__1   
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__2   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_lauta      
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_japonica    
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__1
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_beringiana  
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__2
  |                             
  +----- Beringiana_fukuharai__3
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__1 
  |                             
  +----- Buldowskia_iwakawai__2 
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__1  
--+                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_tumens__2  
  |                             
  +----- Pletholophus           
  |                             
  +----- Anemina                
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata 
  |                             
  +----- Cristaria_plicata__3   
  |                             
  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola   
  |                             
  +----- Sinanodonta_angula     
  |                             
  +----- Lepidodesmini          
  |                             
  |  +-- Aculamprotulina        
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Acuticosta **             
  |                             
  |  +-- Cuneopsis              
  +--+                          
  |  +-- Nodularia              
  |                             
  |  +-- Schistodesmus          
  +--+                          
     +-- Inversiunio

Zhou et al., 2007 [Publ 2658], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 7 2 -- 
  +----- Aculamprotulina
--+                     
  |  +-- Acuticosta **     
  +--+                  
     +-- Oxynaiina

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 41 27 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 46 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 25 4 -- 
  +----------- Acuticosta **   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Lepidodesmini
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 35 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4296], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 22 20 3 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **   
--+                      
  |  +----- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Anodontini   
     +--+                
        +-- Unionini

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 36 15 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 90 25 4 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **   
  |                      
--+     +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Unionini     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4269], fig. S1_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 32 4 -- 
  +-------- Unionini     
  |                      
--+     +-- Lepidodesmini
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Lanceolariini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Kim et al., 2021 [Publ 4197], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 16 3 -- 
  +-------- Aculamprotulina
  |                        
--+     +-- Acuticosta **     
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Lanceolariini  
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Unionina       
     +--+                  
        +-- Oxynaiina

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 68 32 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 95 46 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Chen et al., 2023 [Publ 4302], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 31 4 -- 
           +-- Anemina               
  +--------+                         
  |        +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                  
  |     +----- Pletholophus          
--+  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |  +--+                         
  |  |     +-- Beringiana            
  |  |                               
  +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     |  |                            
     |  +----- Acuticosta **            
     |  |                            
     |  +----- Lepidodesmini         
     |  |                            
     +--+----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |                            
        +----- Cristaria             
        |                            
        +----- Unionini              
        |                            
        |  +-- Alasmidontina         
        +--+                         
           +-- Anodontina

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 48 26 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 87 42 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 46 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 35 4 -- 
              +-- Anemina               
  +-----------+                         
  |           +-- Amuranodonta          
  |                                     
  |        +----- Pletholophus          
--+  +-----+                            
  |  |     |  +-- Sinanodonta           
  |  |     +--+                         
  |  |        +-- Beringiana            
  +--+                                  
     |        +-- Alasmidontina         
     |  +-----+                         
     |  |     +-- Anodontina            
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
        |  |                            
        |  +----- Lanceolaria_oxyrhyncha
        |  |                            
        +--+----- Cristaria             
           |                            
           |  +-- Acuticosta **            
           |  |                         
           +--+-- Lepidodesmini         
              |                         
              +-- Unionini

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 10 2 -- 
  +----- Anodontini
--+                
  |  +-- Acuticosta **
  +--+             
     +-- Unionini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 73 33 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 21 3 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **            
  |                               
--+  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  |  |                            
  |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
  +--+                            
     +----- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
     |                            
     |  +-- Anodontini            
     +--+                         
        +-- Unionini

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 13 4 -- 
  +-------- Strophitus   
  |                      
  +-------- Schistodesmus
  |                      
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
  |                      
  +-------- Acuticosta **   
  |                      
  +-------- Cristariina  
--+                      
  +-------- Lanceolariini
  |                      
  |     +-- Nodularia    
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Tchangsinaia 
  |                      
  |  +----- Utterbackia  
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Utterbackiana
     |                   
     |  +-- Alasmidonta  
     +--+                
        +-- Lasmigona

Fukata & Iigo, 2020 [Publ 4106], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 53 27 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Unionini     
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Zhang et al., 2004 [Publ 2735], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 13 11 3 -- 
  +-------- Anodontini   
--+                      
  |  +----- Unionini     
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Lanceolariini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 198 45 4 -- 
  +----------- Acuticosta **   
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Lanceolariini
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 55 25 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Pavan-Kumar et al., 2022 [Publ 4263], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Anodontini     
  |                           
  |        +-- Acuticosta **     
--+  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Lepidodesmini  
     |  +--+                  
     |  |  +-- Aculamprotulina
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Unionina       
        +--+                  
           +-- Oxynaiina

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 46 4 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **   
  |                      
--+  +----- Lepidodesmini
  |  |                   
  +--+----- Unionini     
     |                   
     |  +-- Lanceolariini
     +--+                
        +-- Anodontini

Fukata & Iigo, 2019 [Publ 4108], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 16 16 2 -- 
        +-- Unionina       
  +-----+                  
  |     +-- Oxynaiina      
--+                        
  |  +----- Aculamprotulina
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Acuticosta **     
     +--+                  
        +-- Lanceolariini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 91 46 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 200 46 4 -- 
  +-------- Acuticosta **           
  |                              
  +-------- Alasmidonta          
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_anatina     
  |                              
  +-------- Anemina              
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_cygnea      
  |                              
  +-------- Cristaria            
  |                              
  +-------- Anodonta_nuttalliana 
  |                              
  +-------- Lasmigona            
  |                              
  +-------- Lepidodesmini        
  |                              
  +-------- Pseudanodonta        
  |                              
  +-------- Pyganodon            
  |                              
--+-------- Simpsonaias          
  |                              
  +-------- Strophitus           
  |                              
  +-------- Utterbackia          
  |                              
  +-------- Lanceolariini        
  |                              
  +-------- Schistodesmus        
  |                              
  +-------- Unionina             
  |                              
  +-------- Aculamprotulina      
  |                              
  |     +-- Pletholophus         
  +-----+                        
  |     +-- Sinanodonta          
  |                              
  |  +----- Cuneopsis_celtiformis
  |  |                           
  |  +----- Tchangsinaia         
  |  |                           
  +--+----- Cuneopsis_rufescens  
     |                           
     +----- Nodularia            
     |                           
     |  +-- Cuneopsis_szechenyii 
     +--+                        
        +-- Cuneopsis_heudei

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4215], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 3 1 -- 
  +-- Acuticosta **
--+             
  +-- Unionini

Sano et al., 2017 [Publ 3799], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 32 20 4 -- 
  +-------------- Anodontini   
  |                            
  |           +-- Tchangsinaia 
--+  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Nodularia    
  |  |                         
  +--+        +-- Schistodesmus
     |  +-----+                
     |  |     +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Inversiunio  
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Lepidodesmini
           +--+                
              +-- Lanceolariini

Wang et al., 2018 [Publ 3865], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 16 3 -- 
  +-------- Unionini     
--+                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Lanceolariini

Ouyang et al., 2011 [Publ 3408], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 12 8 3 -- 
  +----------- Anodontini          
  |                                
--+  +-------- Oxynaiina           
  |  |                             
  +--+  +----- Lanceolaria_grayii  
     |  |                          
     +--+----- Acuticosta **          
        |                          
        |  +-- Lanceolaria_gladiola
        +--+                       
           +-- Aculamprotulina

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Anodontina   
  |                         
--+        +-- Acuticosta **   
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Cristariina  
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lepidodesmini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Lanceolariini
        +--+                
           +-- Unionini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 35 4 -- 
           +----- Pletholophus 
  +--------+                   
  |        |  +-- Sinanodonta  
  |        +--+                
  |           +-- Beringiana   
--+                            
  |  +----------- Cristaria    
  |  |                         
  |  |        +-- Alasmidontina
  +--+--------+                
     |        +-- Anodontina   
     |                         
     |  +-------- Lanceolariini
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Lepidodesmini
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Acuticosta **   
           +--+                
              +-- Unionini

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Anodontini   
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Lanceolariini

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 44 30 4 -- 
  +----------------- Anemina        
  |                                 
--+  +-------------- Acuticosta **     
  |  |                              
  +--+  +----------- Sinanodonta    
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Aculamprotulina
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Cristaria      
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Lanceolariini  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lepidodesmini  
              +--+                  
                 +-- Oxynaiina

Huang et al., 2002 [Publ 2657], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 33 13 4 -- 
  +----------- Anodontini   
  |                         
  |     +----- Acuticosta **   
--+  +--+                   
  |  |  |  +-- Nodularia    
  |  |  +--+                
  +--+     +-- Tchangsinaia 
     |                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Schistodesmus
        +--+                
           +-- Lepidodesmini

Liu et al., 2023 [Publ 4310], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 23 21 3 -- 
  +----------- Acuticosta **            
  |                                  
--+        +-- Lanceolaria_lanceolata
  |  +-----+                         
  |  |     +-- Lanceolaria_grayii    
  +--+                               
     |  +----- Lanceolaria_gladiola  
     +--+                            
        |  +-- Anodontini            
        +--+                         
           +-- Unionini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 85 43 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 2d

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 38 38 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Wu et al., 2018 [Publ 3836], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 32 4 -- 
  +-------- Lepidodesmini
  |                      
--+-------- Unionini     
  |                      
  |  +----- Anodontini   
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Acuticosta **   
     +--+                
        +-- Lanceolariini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 31 4 -- 
  +-------------------- Unionini     
  |                                  
--+  +----------------- Acuticosta **   
  |  |                               
  |  |              +-- Alasmidontina
  +--+  +-----------+                
     |  |           +-- Anodontina   
     |  |                            
     |  |        +----- Lepidodesmini
     +--+  +-----+                   
        |  |     |  +-- Cristaria    
        |  |     +--+                
        |  |        +-- Lanceolariini
        +--+                         
           |        +-- Anemina      
           |  +-----+                
           |  |     +-- Amuranodonta 
           +--+                      
              |  +----- Pletholophus 
              +--+                   
                 |  +-- Sinanodonta  
                 +--+                
                    +-- Beringiana

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4358], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 52 27 4 -- 
  +----------- Lepidodesmini
--+                         
  |  +-------- Unionini     
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Lanceolariini
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Acuticosta **   
        +--+                
           +-- Anodontini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4487], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 40 31 4 -- 
  +-------------- Globunionina   
  |                              
  |        +----- Aculamprotulina
--+  +-----+                     
  |  |     |  +-- Unionina       
  |  |     +--+                  
  +--+        +-- Oxynaiina      
     |                           
     |  +-------- Acuticosta **     
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Lepidodesmini  
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Lanceolariini  
           +--+                  
              +-- Anodontini

Liu et al., 2017 [Publ 3939], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 14 13 3 -- 
-- Acuticosta_chinensis **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4386], fig. 5-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 21 16 4 -- 
  +----------- Acuticosta **        
  |                              
  +----------- Cristariina       
  |                              
--+----------- Anodontina        
  |                              
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini     
  |  |                           
  |  |     +-- Aculamprotulina   
  +--+-----+                     
     |     +-- Lepidodesmini     
     |                           
     |  +----- Unionina          
     +--+                        
        |  +-- Middendorffinaiina
        +--+                     
           +-- Oxynaiina