MUSSELp

MUSSELpdb

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all genera

Unionidae

Margaritiferidae

Hyriidae

Etheriidae

Mycetopodidae

Iridinidae


Species & Genus Richness by
Taxonomy

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Summary

North America

Central America

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Species Richness & Endemism by
Geography

Data last updated
Thu 18 Dec 2025

Bivalvia | Unionoida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae

tribe CONTRADENTINI Modell, 1942: cladomics

6 genera

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 35 (35 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: genus) = 6
analyzed in 71 cladograms in 45 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 23 (mean = 6.35, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 5 (mean = 2.66, median = 3)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 62
maximum number of included terminals = 23, (mean = 7.13 median = 5)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 5 (mean = 2.9, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 0.97

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 56
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (genus) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 23 (mean = 6.82, median = 4)
maximum number of subtaxa (genus) = 5 (mean = 2.98, median = 3)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 0.96

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Contradentini cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Contradentini cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

** Top Monophyly Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 52 12 5 0 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
  |           +----- Lamprotulini   
--+  +--------+                     
  |  |        |  +-- Gonideini      
  |  |        +--+                  
  +--+           +-- Pseudodontini  
     |                              
     |  +----------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                           
     +--+        +-- Trapezoideus **   
        |  +-----+                  
        |  |     +-- Physunio **       
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Yaukthwa **       
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lens **           
              +--+                  
                 +-- Solenaia **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 4 38 27 8 5 
              +-- Schepmaniini 
        +-----+                
        |     +-- Pseudodontini
  +-----+                      
  |     |  +----- Caudiculatus 
  |     +--+                   
  |        |  +-- Lamprotulini 
--+        +--+                
  |           +-- Gonideini    
  |                            
  |  +----------- Ctenodesmini 
  |  |                         
  +--+  +-------- Rectidentini 
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Physunio **     
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Trapezoideus ** 
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Yaukthwa **     
           +--+                
              +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 21 4 95 49 5 20 
     +-------- Rectidentini             
     |                                  
  +--+     +-- Trapezoideus **             
  |  |  +--+                            
  |  |  |  +-- Physunio **                 
  |  +--+                               
  |     |  +-- Yaukthwa **                 
  |     +--+                            
  |        +-- Lens **                     
  |                                     
--+     +----- Pseudodontini            
  |     |                               
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea    
  |     |  |                            
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1
  |     |  |                            
  |     |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata    
  |     |  |                            
  |     |  +-- Leguminaia               
  +-----+  |                            
        |  +-- Microcondylaea           
        |  |                            
        |  +-- Gonidea                  
        |  |                            
        |  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
        |  |                            
        |  +-- Parvasolenaia            
        |  |                            
        +--+-- Lamprotula_leaii         
           |                            
           +-- Lamprotula               
           |                            
           +-- Lamprotula_caveata       
           |                            
           +-- Potomida                 
           |                            
           +-- Pronodularia             
           |                            
           +-- Sinohyriopsis            
           |                            
           +-- Chamberlainia            
           |                            
           +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2
           |                            
           +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 21 4 89 49 5 22 
        +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +----- Gonideini      
  |     +--+                     
  |        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
--+        +--+                  
  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
  |                              
  |  +----------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Physunio **       
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Trapezoideus **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Lens **           
           +--+                  
              +-- Yaukthwa **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 4 15 15 2 18 
  +-------------- Pseudodontini
--+                            
  |  +----------- Rectidentini 
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Yaukthwa **     
     +--+                      
        |  +----- Lens **         
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Trapezoideus ** 
           +--+                
              +-- Physunio **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
19 19 17 4 63 49 4 17 
  +-------------- Pseudodontini
  |                            
--+           +-- Gonideini    
  |  +--------+                
  |  |        +-- Lamprotulini 
  +--+                         
     |  +-------- Rectidentini 
     |  |                      
     +--+     +-- Physunio **     
        |  +--+                
        |  |  +-- Trapezoideus ** 
        +--+                   
           |  +-- Yaukthwa **     
           +--+                
              +-- Lens **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
16 16 14 4 36 22 2 17 
  +----------- Rectidentini
--+                        
  |  +-------- Yaukthwa **    
  +--+                     
     |  +----- Physunio **    
     +--+                  
        |  +-- Trapezoideus **
        +--+               
           +-- Lens **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 13 5 14 14 2 10 
  +-------------- Lamprotulini
  |                           
--+  +----------- Rectidentini
  |  |                        
  +--+        +-- Trapezoideus **
     |  +-----+               
     |  |     +-- Physunio **    
     +--+                     
        |  +----- Yaukthwa **    
        +--+                  
           |  +-- Solenaia **    
           +--+               
              +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 12 3 0 0 0 14 
  +----- Yaukthwa **    
--+                  
  |  +-- Physunio **    
  +--+               
     +-- Trapezoideus **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 4 17 17 6 15 
  +----------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------------- Gonideini      
     |  |                                 
     +--+  +-------------- Pseudodontini  
        |  |                              
        +--+           +-- Ctenodesmini   
           |  +--------+                  
           |  |        +-- Rectidentini   
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Physunio **       
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Yaukthwa **       
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Lens **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 7 3 189 44 5 13 
  +-------------- Rectidentini     
  |                                
  |  +----------- Physunio_modelli ** 
--+  |                             
  |  +----------- Lens **             
  |  |                             
  |  +----------- Physunio_superbus **
  +--+                             
     +----------- Yaukthwa **         
     |                             
     |        +-- Lens_comptus **     
     |  +-----+                    
     |  |     +-- Lens_novoselovi **  
     +--+                          
        |  +----- Lens_eximius **     
        +--+                       
           |  +-- Lens_contradens **  
           +--+                    
              +-- Lens_micropterus **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 3 187 43 5 12 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Yaukthwa **    
     +--+               
        +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 2 37 11 3 13 
  +----- Pseudodontini
--+                   
  |  +-- Trapezoideus ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Yaukthwa **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 3 189 44 5 12 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Yaukthwa **    
     +--+               
        +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 3 113 39 5 12 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Yaukthwa **    
     +--+               
        +-- Lens **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 2 0 0 0 13 
  +-- Solenaia **
--+           
  +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 3 127 37 5 12 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Yaukthwa **    
     +--+               
        +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 9 3 128 38 5 13 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Lens **        
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Physunio **    
     +--+               
        +-- Yaukthwa **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 8 2 0 0 0 12 
  +-- Solenaia **
--+           
  +-- Lens **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 0 3 73 25 4 11 
  +----- Rectidentini       
  |                         
  |  +-- Lens_eximius **       
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Physunio_modelli__1 **
  |  |                      
--+  +-- Yaukthwa_nesemanni ** 
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Yaukthwa_panhai **    
  |  |                      
  |  +-- Lens_comptus **       
  |  |                      
  +--+-- Lens_novoselovi **    
     |                      
     +-- Physunio_modelli__2 **
     |                      
     +-- Physunio **           
     |                      
     +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
     |                      
     +-- Lens_contradens **    
     |                      
     +-- Lens_micropterus **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
10 10 8 4 11 11 1 8 
  +-------- Rectidentini
  |                     
--+     +-- Trapezoideus **
  |  +--+               
  |  |  +-- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Yaukthwa **    
     +--+               
        +-- Lens **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 2 0 0 0 10 
  +-- Solenaia **
--+           
  +-- Yaukthwa **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 7 3 0 0 0 8 
  +----- Yaukthwa **    
--+                  
  |  +-- Trapezoideus **
  +--+               
     +-- Physunio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 30 28 7 6 
  +-------------------------------- Schepmaniini       
  |                                                    
  |  +----------------------------- Pseudodontini      
  |  |                                                 
--+  |     +----------------------- Hyriopsis_bialata  
  |  |     |                                           
  |  |  +--+                    +-- Rectidens          
  |  |  |  |  +-----------------+                      
  |  |  |  |  |                 +-- Ctenodesmini       
  +--+  |  +--+                                        
     |  |     |  +----------------- Ensidens           
     |  |     |  |                                     
     |  |     +--+  +-------------- Hyriopsis_desowitzi
     |  |        |  |                                  
     |  |        +--+  +----------- Yaukthwa_elongatula **
     |  |           |  |                               
     |  |           +--+  +-------- Trapezoideus **       
     +--+              |  |                            
        |              +--+     +-- Physunio **           
        |                 |  +--+                      
        |                 |  |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **
        |                 +--+                         
        |                    |  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **  
        |                    +--+                      
        |                       +-- Lens **               
        |                                              
        |     +-------------------- Inversidens        
        |     |                                        
        |     |              +----- Lamprotula         
        +-----+  +-----------+                         
              |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini    
              |  |           +--+                      
              +--+              +-- Potomida           
                 |                                     
                 |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia       
                 |  |                                  
                 +--+           +-- Gonidea            
                    |  +--------+                      
                    |  |        +-- Microcondylaea     
                    +--+                               
                       |  +-------- Koreosolenaia      
                       +--+                            
                          |  +----- Parvasolenaia      
                          +--+                         
                             |  +-- Postolata          
                             +--+                      
                                +-- Ptychorhynchus

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 30 28 7 4 
                    +-- Schepmaniini   
  +-----------------+                  
  |                 +-- Pseudodontini  
--+                                    
  |  +----------------- Gonideini      
  |  |                                 
  +--+              +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +-----------+                  
     |  |           +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                              
        |  +----------- Ctenodesmini   
        |  |                           
        +--+  +-------- Rectidentini   
           |  |                        
           +--+     +-- Physunio **       
              |  +--+                  
              |  |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
              +--+                     
                 |  +-- Lens **           
                 +--+                  
                    +-- Yaukthwa **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 30 28 7 4 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
  |              +-- Schepmaniini   
  |           +--+                  
--+           |  +-- Pseudodontini  
  |  +--------+                     
  |  |        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
  |  |        +--+                  
  +--+           +-- Gonideini      
     |                              
     |  +----------- Ctenodesmini   
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Rectidentini   
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Physunio **       
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lens **           
              +--+                  
                 +-- Yaukthwa **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 31 29 7 4 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
  |        +-------- Lamprotulini   
--+  +-----+                        
  |  |     |  +----- Gonideini      
  |  |     +--+                     
  |  |        |  +-- Schepmaniini   
  +--+        +--+                  
     |           +-- Pseudodontini  
     |                              
     |  +----------- Ctenodesmini   
     |  |                           
     +--+  +-------- Rectidentini   
        |  |                        
        +--+     +-- Physunio **       
           |  +--+                  
           |  |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lens **           
              +--+                  
                 +-- Yaukthwa **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 1 4 30 28 7 6 
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__1
  |                                                        
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__2
  |                                                        
  |  +-------------------------- Pseudodontini             
  |  |                                                     
--+  |                    +----- Ensidens                  
  |  |                    |                                
  |  |                    +----- Hyriopsis_desowitzi       
  |  |                    |                                
  |  |                    +----- Rectidens                 
  |  |                    |                                
  |  |                    +----- Hyriopsis_bialata         
  +--+  +-----------------+                                
     |  |                 +----- Ctenodesmini              
     |  |                 |                                
     |  |                 |  +-- Physunio **                  
     |  |                 |  |                             
     |  |                 |  +-- Yaukthwa_paiensis **         
     |  |                 |  |                             
     |  |                 |  +-- Yaukthwa_inlenensis **       
     |  |                 +--+                             
     +--+                    +-- Trapezoideus **              
        |                    |                             
        |                    +-- Yaukthwa_elongatula **       
        |                    |                             
        |                    +-- Lens **                      
        |                                                  
        |  +-------------------- Inversidens               
        |  |                                               
        |  |              +----- Lamprotula                
        +--+  +-----------+                                
           |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini           
           |  |           +--+                             
           +--+              +-- Potomida                  
              |                                            
              |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia              
              |  |                                         
              +--+  +----------- Gonidea                   
                 |  |                                      
                 +--+----------- Microcondylaea            
                    |                                      
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia             
                    +--+                                   
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia             
                       +--+                                
                          |  +-- Postolata                 
                          +--+                             
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 25 21 7 6 
  +----------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                       
--+  +-------------------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                                    
  |  |              +----- Gonideini      
  +--+  +-----------+                     
     |  |           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  |           +--+                  
     +--+              +-- Pseudodontini  
        |                                 
        |  +-------------- Ctenodesmini   
        +--+                              
           |  +----------- Rectidentini   
           +--+                           
              |  +-------- Physunio **       
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Trapezoideus **   
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Lens **           
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Yaukthwa **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 4 30 28 7 4 
  +-------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                          
  |              +----------- Ctenodesmini   
  |              |                           
  |  +-----------+  +-------- Rectidentini   
--+  |           |  |                        
  |  |           +--+     +-- Physunio **       
  |  |              |  +--+                  
  |  |              |  |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
  |  |              +--+                     
  |  |                 |  +-- Lens **           
  +--+                 +--+                  
     |                    +-- Yaukthwa **       
     |                                       
     |                    +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  +-----------------+                  
     |  |                 +-- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                                    
     +--+                 +-- Inversidens    
        |  +--------------+                  
        |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
           |  |                              
           +--+           +-- Gonidea        
              |  +--------+                  
              |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Parvasolenaia  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Koreosolenaia  
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Postolata      
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Ptychorhynchus

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 11 2 3 2 2 18 
  +----- Rectidentini
--+                  
  |  +-- Physunio **    
  +--+               
     +-- Lens **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 5 52 12 5 0 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                 
  |           +----- Pseudodontini  
--+  +--------+                     
  |  |        |  +-- Gonideini      
  |  |        +--+                  
  +--+           +-- Lamprotulini   
     |                              
     |  +----------- Rectidentini   
     |  |                           
     +--+        +-- Trapezoideus **   
        |  +-----+                  
        |  |     +-- Physunio **       
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Yaukthwa **       
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lens **           
              +--+                  
                 +-- Solenaia **

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 13 0 0 9 
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 87 25 5 6 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Lens **        
     +--+               
        +-- Yaukthwa **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 3 3 3 1 5 
  +----- Rectidentini
  |                  
--+  +-- Physunio **    
  |  |               
  +--+-- Trapezoideus **
     |               
     +-- Lens **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 3 87 25 5 6 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Physunio **    
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Lens **        
     +--+               
        +-- Yaukthwa **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 42 40 5 4 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Rectidentini   
  |  +--------------+                     
--+  |              |  +-- Physunio **       
  |  |              +--+                  
  |  |                 +-- Lens **           
  |  |                                    
  +--+              +----- Inversidens    
     |  +-----------+                     
     |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  |           +--+                  
     |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 45 40 7 4 
        +-------- Ctenodesmini   
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +----- Rectidentini   
  |     +--+                     
  |        |  +-- Physunio **       
--+        +--+                  
  |           +-- Lens **           
  |                              
  |  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 28 7 2 5.5 
  +-------- Pseudodontini
--+                      
  |  +----- Rectidentini 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Lens **         
     +--+                
        +-- Physunio **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 5 0 3 119 30 5 7 
  +-- Lens **     
  |            
  +-- Ensidens 
  |            
--+-- Physunio ** 
  |            
  +-- Rectidens
  |            
  +-- Yaukthwa **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 4 2 2 77 24 5 6 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Lens **        
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Physunio **    
     +--+               
        +-- unionoid

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 33 33 5 2 
     +-------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                        
  |  |  +----- Lens **           
  |  +--+                     
  |     |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
--+     +--+                  
  |        +-- Physunio **       
  |                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 28 5 2 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Lens **        
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Trapezoideus **
     +--+               
        +-- Physunio **

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 44 39 7 4 
        +-------- Ctenodesmini   
  +-----+                        
  |     |  +----- Rectidentini   
  |     +--+                     
  |        |  +-- Physunio **       
--+        +--+                  
  |           +-- Lens **           
  |                              
  |  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 55 55 7 4 
           +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--------+                        
  |        |  +----- Gonideini      
  |        +--+                     
  |           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
--+           +--+                  
  |              +-- Pseudodontini  
  |                                 
  |  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Ctenodesmini   
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Rectidentini   
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Physunio **       
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Lens **           
              +--+                  
                 +-- Trapezoideus **

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 42 40 5 4 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
  |                 +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--------------+                     
  |  |              |  +-- Physunio **       
  |  |              +--+                  
  |  |                 +-- Lens **           
  +--+                                    
     |  +----------------- Inversidens    
     |  |                                 
     |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +--------------+                  
     +--+              +-- Lamprotulini   
        |                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 73 28 5 2 
  +-------- Rectidentini
--+                     
  |  +----- Lens **        
  +--+                  
     |  +-- Trapezoideus **
     +--+               
        +-- Physunio **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 2 37 11 4 5.5 
     +----- Rectidentini 
  +--+                   
  |  |  +-- Lens **         
  |  +--+                
--+     +-- Physunio **     
  |                      
  |  +----- Pseudodontini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Gonideini    
     +--+                
        +-- Lamprotulini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 3 33 33 5 2 
     +-------- Rectidentini   
  +--+                        
  |  |  +----- Lens **           
  |  +--+                     
  |     |  +-- Trapezoideus **   
--+     +--+                  
  |        +-- Physunio **       
  |                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 46 15 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 19 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 16 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Physunio **       
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Lens **           
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 94 18 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 51 17 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 26 24 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 86 17 5 -- 
  +----- Rectidentini
--+                  
  |  +-- Lens **        
  +--+               
     +-- Physunio **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 52 21 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 94 18 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 21 10 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 90 19 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 84 16 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Lens **           
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Physunio **       
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
2 2 0 2 18 16 5 -- 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Rectidentini   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Physunio **       
  |  |  +--+                  
  +--+     +-- Lens **           
     |                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 10 4 -- 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
  |                        
--+     +-- Gonideini      
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Physunio **       
     +--+                  
        +-- Lamprotulini

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 2 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Lens **           
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
  +-- Pseudodontini
--+                
  +-- Lens **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **
 
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