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Data last updated
Thu 18 Dec 2025

Bivalvia | Unionoida

superfamily HYRIOIDEA Swainson, 1840: cladomics

1 family

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 93 (124 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: family) = 1
analyzed in 102 cladograms in 54 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 19 (mean = 3.84, median = 3)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 58
maximum number of included terminals = 19, (mean = 6 median = 4.5)
maximum number of subtaxa (family) = 1 (mean = 1, median = 1)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Hyrioidea cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Hyrioidea cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	78	77	3	--

  +----------------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                                    
--+  +-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae
  |  |                                                 
  +--+  +----------------------------- Etherioidea     
     |  |                                              
     +--+  +-------------------------- Parreysiinae    
        |  |                                           
        |  |  +----------------------- Unioninae       
        +--+  |                                        
           |  |              +-------- Rectidentini    
           |  |  +-----------+                         
           +--+  |           |  +----- Lens            
              |  |           +--+                      
              |  |              |  +-- Physunio        
              |  |              +--+                   
              +--+                 +-- unionoid        
                 |                                     
                 |  +----------------- Ambleminae      
                 |  |                                  
                 |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini 
                 +--+  +-----------+                   
                    |  |           +-- Lamprotulini    
                    |  |                               
                    +--+           +-- Parvasolenaia   
                       |  +--------+                   
                       |  |        +-- Pseudodontini   
                       +--+                            
                          |  +-------- Sinosolenaia    
                          +--+                         
                             |  +----- Gonidea         
                             +--+                      
                                |  +-- Microcondylaea  
                                +--+                   
                                   +-- Leguminaia

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
19	19	20	1	1	0	0	--

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
19	19	21	1	1	0	0	--

Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	6	5	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Unionoidea 
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	185	183	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	9	1	187	185	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
14	14	12	1	187	185	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
10	10	8	1	4	4	1	--

     +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Unioninae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Ambleminae      
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
10	10	7	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	37	36	2	--

  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                       +-- Etheria         
  |                    +--+                   
--+                    |  +-- Mulleria        
  |  +-----------------+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mycetopodidae   
  |  |                 +--+                   
  +--+                    +-- Iridinidae      
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Pseudomulleria  
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Unioninae       
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Ambleminae

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	130	128	2	--

                       +-- Chamberlainia   
  +--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                                        
  |                    +-- Etherioidea     
--+--------------------+                   
  |                    +-- Hyriidae **        
  |                                        
  |  +-------------------- Parreysiinae    
  |  |                                     
  +--+  +----------------- Unioninae       
     |  |                                  
     +--+              +-- Contradentini   
        |  +-----------+                   
        |  |           +-- Rectidentini    
        +--+                               
           |  +----------- Ambleminae      
           +--+                            
              |  +-------- Pseudodontini   
              +--+                         
                 |  +----- Gonideini       
                 +--+                      
                    |  +-- Sinohyriopsis   
                    +--+                   
                       +-- Lamprotulini

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	21	18	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	130	128	2	--

  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	37	36	2	--

  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
  |                                  
  |           +----- Margaritiferidae
--+  +--------+                      
  |  |        |  +-- Hyriidae **        
  |  |        +--+                   
  +--+           +-- Etherioidea     
     |                               
     |  +----------- Pseudodontini   
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Contradentini   
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Unioninae       
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Gonideini       
              +--+                   
                 +-- Ambleminae

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	38	37	2	--

  +-------------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                           
  |                 +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------------+                         
  |  |              |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |              +--+                      
  |  |                 |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+                 +--+                   
     |                    +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                        
     |  +-------------------- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                                     
        |  +----------------- Parreysiinae    
        +--+                                  
           |  +-------------- Pseudomulleria  
           +--+                               
              |  +----------- Unioninae       
              +--+                            
                 |  +-------- Contradentini   
                 +--+                         
                    |  +----- Ambleminae      
                    +--+                      
                       |  +-- Gonideini       
                       +--+                   
                          +-- Pseudodontini

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	38	37	2	--

  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Etherioidea

Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
9	9	7	1	21	18	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
8	8	9	1	1	1	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
7	7	6	1	0	0	0	--

Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
7	7	5	1	1	1	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
6	6	5	1	5	5	1	--

  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Unionidae       
  |                   
  +-- Hyriidae **

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	2	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Unionoidea 
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Hyriidae **

Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +-------- Margaritiferidae
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	1	1	26	25	2	--

  +----------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                                  
  |  +-------------- Amblemini       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Eurynia         
--+  |                               
  |  +-------------- Fusconaia       
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Gonideinae      
  |  |                               
  |  +-------------- Pleurobema      
  |  |                               
  +--+-------------- Quadrulini      
     |                               
     |  +----------- Ortmanniana     
     +--+                            
     |  |  +-------- Glebula         
     |  +--+                         
     |     |  +----- Potamilus       
     |     +--+                      
     |        |  +-- Ligumia         
     |        +--+                   
     |           +-- Toxolasma       
     |                               
     |  +----------- Cyrtonaias      
     +--+                            
        |  +-------- Unionini        
        +--+                         
           |  +----- Anodontini      
           +--+                      
              |  +-- Hyriidae **        
              +--+                   
                 +-- Etherioidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	26	25	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	29	28	2	--

  +-------------------- Hyriidae **        
  |                                     
  |           +-------- Iridinidae      
--+  +--------+                         
  |  |        |  +----- Etheria         
  |  |        +--+                      
  |  |           |  +-- Mulleria        
  +--+           +--+                   
     |              +-- Mycetopodidae   
     |                                  
     |  +-------------- Parreysiinae    
     |  |                               
     +--+  +----------- Pseudomulleria  
        |  |                            
        +--+  +-------- Anodontini      
           |  |                         
           +--+  +----- Gonideinae      
              |  |                      
              +--+----- Unionini        
                 |                      
                 |  +-- Margaritiferidae
                 +--+                   
                    +-- Ambleminae

Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
5	5	3	1	0	0	0	--

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	32	31	2	--

  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Hyriidae **

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	13	12	2	--

  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
  |     +-------- Unionini        
--+  +--+                         
  |  |  |  +----- Pleurobemini    
  |  |  +--+                      
  |  |     |  +-- Anodontini      
  +--+     +--+                   
     |        +-- Lampsilini      
     |                            
     |  +-------- Parreysiini     
     +--+                         
        |  +----- Coelaturini     
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Hyriidae **        
           +--+                   
              +-- Etherioidea

Klunzinger et al., 2022 [Publ 4259], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	0	0	0	--

Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	2	2	1	--

  +-- Unionoidea
--+             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	36	35	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
4	4	2	1	32	31	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	1	12	9	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	12	10	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	88	86	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	25	23	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	0	1	12	9	1	--

Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	12	10	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Margaritiferidae
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	26	24	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	25	23	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	31	29	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	0	0	0	--

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	28	26	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	88	86	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	13	10	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	65	63	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
3	3	1	1	31	29	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	20	20	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	24	22	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	120	118	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Unionidae

Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
2	2	0	1	20	20	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	7	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	16	16	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	87	87	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	94	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	29	28	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	10	10	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	36	36	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	29	28	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	41	40	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	85	85	2	--

  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	22	22	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	7	7	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	95	94	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	55	2	--

  +-------- Etherioidea     
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	9	9	1	--

  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	48	47	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	72	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	45	45	2	--

  +-------- Unionidae       
--+                         
  |  +----- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Hyriidae **        
     +--+                   
        +-- Etherioidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	8	8	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	14	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	23	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	4	3	2	--

     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	73	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	73	72	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

     +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
--+                      
  |  +-- Unionidae       
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	4	3	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +----- Unionidae       
  |                      
--+----- Hyriidae **        
  |                      
  |  +-- Etherioidea     
  +--+                   
     +-- Margaritiferidae

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	55	54	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	24	23	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	8	8	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	90	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	10	10	1	--

  +----- Unionidae       
--+                      
  |  +-- Margaritiferidae
  +--+                   
     +-- Hyriidae **

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	91	90	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	30	30	1	--

  +-- Margaritiferidae
  |                   
--+-- Hyriidae **        
  |                   
  +-- Unionidae

Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	37	37	1	--

  +-------------- Margaritiferidae
  |                               
--+  +----------- Unioninae       
  |  |                            
  +--+  +-------- Lampsilini      
     |  |                         
     +--+     +-- Hyriidae **        
        |  +--+                   
        |  |  +-- Amblemini       
        +--+                      
           |  +-- Pleurobemini    
           +--+                   
              +-- Quadrulini

Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	13	13	1	--

  +-- Hyriidae **  
--+             
  +-- Unionoidea

Elderkin et al., 2016 [Publ 3693], fig. 2

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	2	2	1	--

  +-- Etheriidae
  |             
--+-- Iridinidae
  |             
  +-- Hyriidae **

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	68	67	2	--

  +----- Hyriidae **   
--+                 
  |  +-- Etherioidea
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	56	55	2	--

  +----- Etherioidea
--+                 
  |  +-- Hyriidae **   
  +--+              
     +-- Unionoidea

González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	5	3	2	--

  +-------- Hyriidae **        
--+                         
  |  +----- Unionidae       
  +--+                      
     |  +-- Etherioidea     
     +--+                   
        +-- Margaritiferidae

Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5

tT	bi	riS	oT	roT	roS	iD
1	1	0	1	17	17	1	--

  +----------- Cristariina    
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lanceolariini  
  |  |                        
--+  +-------- Anodonta       
  |  |                        
  |  +-------- Unionini       
  |  |                        
  +--+     +-- Alasmidontina  
     +-----+                  
     |     +-- Pseudanodonta  
     |                        
     |  +----- Ambleminae     
     |  |                     
     +--+  +-- Hyriidae **       
        |  |                  
        +--+-- Lamprotulini   
           |                  
           +-- Chamberlainiini

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