The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
FM(U)otW(aolcb) is the web version of the MUSSEL Project Database. Follow the links to browse the data or use the custom Google search field. Either way, you win!
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Bivalvia | Unionoida superfamily HYRIOIDEA Swainson, 1840: cladomics 1 family Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!
The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to
provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic
work supports the classification used here. The Cladomics Summary provides an
overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this
taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.
Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.
For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently
asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on
the FARQ! Cladomics Summarynumber of species = 93 (129 total) number of subtaxa (rank: family) = 1 analyzed in 102 cladograms in 54 publications maximum number of terminals in an analysis =
19 (mean = 3.84, median = 3) maximum number of subtaxa (family) =
1 (mean = 1, median = 1) Basic Monophylynumber of cladograms that test basic monophyly
(i.e., more than 1 included species) = 58 maximum number of included terminals = 19, (mean =
6 median = 4.5) maximum number of subtaxa (family) =
1 (mean = 1, median = 1) proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly
= 1
Pairwise Cladogram ClusteringThe graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup
distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics
FARQ for more information.
Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2 ** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram ** | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 78 | 77 | 3 | -- |
+----------------------------------- Hyriidae **
|
--+ +-------------------------------- Margaritiferidae
| |
+--+ +----------------------------- Etherioidea
| |
+--+ +-------------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| | +----------------------- Unioninae
+--+ |
| | +-------- Rectidentini
| | +-----------+
+--+ | | +----- Lens
| | +--+
| | | +-- Physunio
| | +--+
+--+ +-- unionoid
|
| +----------------- Ambleminae
| |
| | +-- Chamberlainiini
+--+ +-----------+
| | +-- Lamprotulini
| |
+--+ +-- Parvasolenaia
| +--------+
| | +-- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Sinosolenaia
+--+
| +----- Gonidea
+--+
| +-- Microcondylaea
+--+
+-- Leguminaia
Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 21 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 2a_b | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 19 | 19 | 20 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 9 | 1 | 185 | 183 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Graf et al., 2015 [Publ 3619], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 6 | 5 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Unionoidea
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 183 | 181 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 14 | 14 | 12 | 1 | 185 | 183 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Marshall et al., 2014 [Publ 3593], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 8 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | -- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Unioninae
--+
| +-- Ambleminae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 10 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 37 | 36 | 2 | -- |
+----------------- Parreysiinae
|
| +----- Margaritiferidae
--+ +--------+
| | | +-- Hyriidae **
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Etherioidea
|
| +----------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 21 | 18 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 38 | 37 | 2 | -- |
+----- Unionoidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 130 | 128 | 2 | -- |
+-- Chamberlainia
+--------------------+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-- Etherioidea
--+--------------------+
| +-- Hyriidae **
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-- Contradentini
| +-----------+
| | +-- Rectidentini
+--+
| +----------- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +----- Gonideini
+--+
| +-- Sinohyriopsis
+--+
+-- Lamprotulini
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 37 | 36 | 2 | -- |
+-------------------------- Hyriidae **
|
| +-- Etheria
| +--+
--+ | +-- Mulleria
| +-----------------+
| | | +-- Mycetopodidae
| | +--+
+--+ +-- Iridinidae
|
| +-------------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +----------------- Pseudomulleria
+--+
| +-------------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +----------- Pseudodontini
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini
+--+
| +----- Unioninae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 130 | 128 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Bolotov et al., 2016 [Publ 3743], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 21 | 18 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 9 | 9 | 7 | 1 | 38 | 37 | 2 | -- |
+-------------------------- Hyriidae **
|
| +-------- Iridinidae
--+ +--------------+
| | | +----- Etheria
| | +--+
| | | +-- Mulleria
+--+ +--+
| +-- Mycetopodidae
|
| +-------------------- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +----------------- Parreysiinae
+--+
| +-------------- Pseudomulleria
+--+
| +----------- Unioninae
+--+
| +-------- Contradentini
+--+
| +----- Ambleminae
+--+
| +-- Gonideini
+--+
+-- Pseudodontini
Baker et al., 2004 [Publ 2685], fig. 2-3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 8 | 8 | 9 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- |
+-- Unionoidea
--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Baker et al., 2003 [Publ 2690], fig. 5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | -- |
+-- Unionoidea
--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Santos-Neto et al., 2016 [Publ 3739], fig. 3_5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 7 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2649], fig. 1_2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 5 | 5 | 1 | -- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
|
--+-- Unionidae
|
+-- Hyriidae **
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2653], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 36 | 35 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Santos-Neto et al., 2018 [Publ 3888], fig. 5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Bogan & Hoeh, 2000 [Publ 2650], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 29 | 28 | 2 | -- |
+-------------------- Hyriidae **
|
| +-------- Iridinidae
--+ +--------+
| | | +----- Etheria
| | +--+
| | | +-- Mulleria
+--+ +--+
| +-- Mycetopodidae
|
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
| |
+--+ +----------- Pseudomulleria
| |
+--+ +-------- Anodontini
| |
+--+ +----- Gonideinae
| |
+--+----- Unionini
|
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Ambleminae
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 36 | 35 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Hoeh et al., 2001 [Publ 2652], fig. 14f2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+----------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------------- Amblemini
| |
| +-------------- Parreysiinae
| |
| +-------------- Eurynia
--+ |
| +-------------- Fusconaia
| |
| +-------------- Gonideinae
| |
| +-------------- Pleurobema
| |
+--+-------------- Quadrulini
|
| +----------- Ortmanniana
+--+
| | +-------- Glebula
| +--+
| | +----- Potamilus
| +--+
| | +-- Ligumia
| +--+
| +-- Toxolasma
|
| +----------- Cyrtonaias
+--+
| +-------- Unionini
+--+
| +----- Anodontini
+--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Roe & Hoeh, 2003 [Publ 2655], fig. 4f2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 5 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 26 | 25 | 2 | -- |
+----- Unionoidea
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 36 | 35 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Graf, 2000 [Publ 2647], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 12 | 2 | -- |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
|
| +-------- Unionini
--+ +--+
| | | +----- Pleurobemini
| | +--+
| | | +-- Anodontini
+--+ +--+
| +-- Lampsilini
|
| +-------- Parreysiini
+--+
| +----- Coelaturini
+--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Klunzinger et al., 2022 [Publ 4259], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 32 | 31 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Etherioidea
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 32 | 31 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Hyriidae **
--+
| +----- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionidae
Klunzinger et al., 2021 [Publ 4086], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- |
+-- Unionoidea
--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 23 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3b | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 28 | 26 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Hyriidae **
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 65 | 63 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 10 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Combosch et al., 2017 [Publ 3806], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | 10 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Olivera-Hyde et al., 2020 [Publ 4249], fig. 10 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -- |
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 31 | 29 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Sonowal et al., 2021 [Publ 4221], fig. 3a | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 12 | 9 | 1 | -- |
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 65 | 63 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Lopes-Lima et al., 2018 [Publ 3829], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 25 | 23 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 88 | 86 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Sano et al., 2020 [Publ 4138], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 65 | 63 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 3_5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 26 | 24 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 88 | 86 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. S1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 31 | 29 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4455], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 22 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 119 | 117 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Hyriidae **
--+
| +----- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionidae
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 1-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Guerra et al., 2019 [Publ 4168], fig. 2-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 2 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 20 | 20 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 30 | 30 | 1 | -- |
+-- Margaritiferidae
|
--+-- Hyriidae **
|
+-- Unionidae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-ML | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 71 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-F | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 37 | 37 | 1 | -- |
+-------------- Margaritiferidae
|
--+ +----------- Unioninae
| |
+--+ +-------- Lampsilini
| |
+--+ +-- Hyriidae **
| +--+
| | +-- Amblemini
+--+
| +-- Pleurobemini
+--+
+-- Quadrulini
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2b | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 23 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 67 | 66 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 55 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Etherioidea
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Elderkin et al., 2016 [Publ 3693], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | -- |
+-- Etheriidae
|
--+-- Iridinidae
|
+-- Hyriidae **
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Plazzi et al., 2011 [Publ 3676], fig. 5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 17 | 17 | 1 | -- |
+----------- Cristariina
|
| +-------- Lanceolariini
| |
--+ +-------- Anodonta
| |
| +-------- Unionini
| |
+--+ +-- Alasmidontina
+-----+
| +-- Pseudanodonta
|
| +----- Ambleminae
| |
+--+ +-- Hyriidae **
| |
+--+-- Lamprotulini
|
+-- Chamberlainiini
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 89 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 87 | 87 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 16 | 16 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 22 | 22 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 3-BI | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 71 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2B | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 28 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 93 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Breton et al., 2011 [Publ 3376], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 36 | 36 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3861], fig. 1-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 1 | -- |
+----- Unionidae
--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 84 | 84 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Etherioidea
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 28 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+-- Etherioidea
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unionidae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Graf & Ó Foighil, 2000 [Publ 2648], fig. 2A | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 29 | 28 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 56 | 55 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 90 | 89 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 2 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+-- Etherioidea
+--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
--+
| +-- Unionidae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Wu et al., 2019 [Publ 3864], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 45 | 45 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Unionidae
--+
| +----- Margaritiferidae
+--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Etherioidea
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 23 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2022 [Publ 4238], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 72 | 72 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 94 | 93 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 4 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Guerra et al., 2017 [Publ 3772], fig. 2a-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Wu et al., 2020 [Publ 4121], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 48 | 47 | 2 | -- |
+----- Hyriidae **
--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+----- Unionidae
|
--+----- Hyriidae **
|
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Walker et al., 2006 [Publ 2666], fig. 6-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2018 [Publ 3828], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 41 | 40 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 3 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 55 | 54 | 2 | -- |
+----- Etherioidea
--+
| +-- Hyriidae **
+--+
+-- Unionoidea
González & Giribet, 2015 [Publ 3632], fig. 6 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Hyriidae **
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Bieler et al., 2014 [Publ 3622], fig. 26_27_29_30 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | -- |
+-------- Hyriidae **
--+
| +----- Unionidae
+--+
| +-- Etherioidea
+--+
+-- Margaritiferidae
Chase et al., 2018 [Publ 3847], fig. 5 | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 9 | 1 | -- |
+----- Unionidae
--+
| +-- Margaritiferidae
+--+
+-- Hyriidae **
Hoeh et al., 2002 [Publ 2673], fig. 1-M | iT | tT | bi | riS | oT | roT | roS | iD | | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 1 | -- |
+-- Hyriidae **
--+
+-- Unionoidea
|