Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Gonideinae

tribe RECTIDENTINI Modell, 1942: cladomics

3 subtribes

Cladomics pages are experimental — even more so than the rest of this site!

The purpose of the cladomics pages for each genus and family-group level taxon is to provide statistics and references indicating the extent to which published phylogenetic work supports the classification used here.

The Cladomics Summary provides an overview of the number of studies that have included terminal species representing this taxon as well as an indication of how frequently it has been recovered as monophyletic.

Following the summary, the available published clades representing the taxon are listed.

For more information, visit the Cladomics FARQ (frequently asked rhetorical questions) page. Abbreviations for the various statistics are explained on the FARQ!

Cladomics Summary

number of species = 61 (61 total)
number of subtaxa (rank: subtribe) = 3
analyzed in 85 cladograms in 52 publications
maximum number of terminals in an analysis = 53 (mean = 10.53, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 1.91, median = 2)

Basic Monophyly

number of cladograms that test basic monophyly (i.e., more than 1 included species) = 76
maximum number of included terminals = 53, (mean = 11.66 median = 8)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 2.01, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support basic monophyly = 1

Rigorous Monophyly

number of cladograms that test rigorous monophyly = 60
(Rigorous monophyly refers to cladograms with terminal species representing more than one subtaxon (subtribe) taxon and at least one rigorous outgroup (family).
maximum number of included terminals = 53 (mean = 12.23, median = 7)
maximum number of subtaxa (subtribe) = 3 (mean = 2.23, median = 2)
proportion of cladograms that support rigorous monophyly = 1

Pairwise Cladogram Clustering

The graphs below depict in two dimensions all pair-wise ingroup distances within the cladome. See the Cladmoics FARQ for more information.

PCoA Ordination of Rectidentini cladogram distances
PCoA Ordination

NJ Tree of Rectidentini cladogram distances
NJ Tree

Cladograms

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 6-14

** Top Monophyly Cladogram ** ** Top Sister-Group Cladogram **

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
53 53 52 3 579 82 6 0 
  +-------- Khairuloconcha **
--+                       
  |  +----- Ctenodesma **    
  +--+                    
     |  +-- Rectidentina **  
     +--+                 
        +-- Contradentina **

Konopleva et al., 2023 [Publ 4262], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
35 35 33 2 47 33 3 33 
  +-------- Pseudodontini
  |                      
--+     +-- Gonideini    
  |  +--+                
  |  |  +-- Lamprotulini 
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Rectidentina ** 
     +--+                
        +-- Contradentina **

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
35 35 33 2 76 36 4 27 
           +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Contradentina **  
--+                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Bolotov et al., 2020 [Publ 4100], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
35 35 33 2 82 36 4 31 
        +-- Rectidentina **             
  +-----+                            
  |     +-- Contradentina **            
  |                                  
  |  +----- Pseudodontini            
  |  |                               
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_iridinea    
--+  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__1
  |  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Sinosolenaia_carinata    
  |  |  |                            
  |  |  +-- Leguminaia               
  +--+  |                            
     |  +-- Microcondylaea           
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Gonidea                  
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Ptychorhynchus           
     |  |                            
     |  +-- Parvasolenaia            
     |  |                            
     +--+-- Lamprotula_leaii         
        |                            
        +-- Lamprotula               
        |                            
        +-- Lamprotula_caveata       
        |                            
        +-- Potomida                 
        |                            
        +-- Pronodularia             
        |                            
        +-- Sinohyriopsis            
        |                            
        +-- Chamberlainia            
        |                            
        +-- Sinosolenaia_recognita__2
        |                            
        +-- Sinosolenaia_oleivora

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 4041], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
31 31 19 2 3 3 1 42 
  +----- Pseudodontini
--+                   
  |  +-- Rectidentina ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Contradentina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 9

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
28 28 26 2 1 1 1 46 
  +----- Lamprotulini 
--+                   
  |  +-- Rectidentina ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Contradentina **

Konopleva et al., 2019 [Publ 3900], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
27 27 24 2 24 10 1 38 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Zieritz et al., 2020 [Publ 4102], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
26 26 22 3 5 5 4 36 
  +----------------- Chamberlainiini
--+                                 
  |  +-------------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                              
     |  +----------- Gonideini      
     +--+                           
        |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                        
           |  +----- Contradentina **  
           +--+                     
              |  +-- Ctenodesmina **   
              +--+                  
                 +-- Rectidentina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 17 2 177 32 4 39 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 21 2 175 31 4 41 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Huang et al., 2019 [Publ 3843], fig. S4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 15 2 177 32 4 42 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 21 2 115 25 4 39 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3764], fig. S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
23 23 19 2 101 27 4 39 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Bolotov et al., 2017 [Publ 3761], fig. S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
22 22 18 2 116 26 4 44 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4212], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
21 21 19 2 0 0 0 47 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Bolotov et al., 2018 [Publ 3826], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 2 2 64 16 3 52 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
18 18 16 3 27 16 6 42 
        +----- Ctenodesmina ** 
  +-----+                   
  |     |  +-- Rectidentina ** 
  |     +--+                
  |        +-- Contradentina **
--+                         
  |        +-- Schepmaniini 
  |  +-----+                
  |  |     +-- Pseudodontini
  +--+                      
     |  +----- Caudiculatus 
     +--+                   
        |  +-- Lamprotulini 
        +--+                
           +-- Gonideini

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. S5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
15 15 12 1 0 0 0 48 
1

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4218], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
14 14 12 3 17 13 5 44 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
--+  +----------- Lamprotulini   
  |  |                           
  |  |     +----- Gonideini      
  +--+  +--+                     
     |  |  |  +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  |  +--+                  
     +--+     +-- Pseudodontini  
        |                        
        |  +----- Ctenodesmina **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Rectidentina **   
           +--+                  
              +-- Contradentina **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5b

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 23 21 5 57 
  +----------------------------- Schepmaniini       
  |                                                 
  |  +-------------------------- Pseudodontini      
--+  |                                              
  |  |              +----------- Hyriopsis_bialata **  
  |  |              |                               
  |  |  +-----------+        +-- Rectidens **          
  +--+  |           |  +-----+                      
     |  |           |  |     +-- Ctenodesmina **       
     |  |           +--+                            
     |  |              |  +----- Ensidens **           
     |  |              +--+                         
     +--+                 |  +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **
        |                 +--+                      
        |                    +-- Contradentina **      
        |                                           
        |  +-------------------- Inversidens        
        |  |                                        
        |  |              +----- Lamprotula         
        +--+  +-----------+                         
           |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini    
           |  |           +--+                      
           +--+              +-- Potomida           
              |                                     
              |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia       
              |  |                                  
              +--+           +-- Gonidea            
                 |  +--------+                      
                 |  |        +-- Microcondylaea     
                 +--+                               
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia      
                    +--+                            
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia      
                       +--+                         
                          |  +-- Postolata          
                          +--+                      
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5c

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 3 3 23 21 5 49 
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__1
  |                                                        
  +----------------------------- Schepmania_nieuwenhuisi__2
  |                                                        
  |  +-------------------------- Pseudodontini             
--+  |                                                     
  |  |                       +-- Ensidens **                  
  |  |                       |                             
  |  |                       +-- Hyriopsis_desowitzi **       
  |  |                       |                             
  +--+                       +-- Rectidens **                 
     |  +--------------------+                             
     |  |                    +-- Hyriopsis_bialata **         
     |  |                    |                             
     |  |                    +-- Ctenodesmina **              
     |  |                    |                             
     +--+                    +-- Contradentina **             
        |                                                  
        |  +-------------------- Inversidens               
        |  |                                               
        |  |              +----- Lamprotula                
        +--+  +-----------+                                
           |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini           
           |  |           +--+                             
           +--+              +-- Potomida                  
              |                                            
              |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia              
              |  |                                         
              +--+  +----------- Gonidea                   
                 |  |                                      
                 +--+----------- Microcondylaea            
                    |                                      
                    |  +-------- Koreosolenaia             
                    +--+                                   
                       |  +----- Parvasolenaia             
                       +--+                                
                          |  +-- Postolata                 
                          +--+                             
                             +-- Ptychorhynchus

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 23 21 5 45 
  +-------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                              
  |        +----- Ctenodesmina **   
--+  +-----+                     
  |  |     |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  |     +--+                  
  +--+        +-- Contradentina **  
     |                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 6-7

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 23 21 5 45 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
  |     +----- Ctenodesmina **   
--+  +--+                     
  |  |  |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  |  +--+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |     +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  +--+                  
     |  |  +-- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Liu et al., 2024 [Publ 4380], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 23 21 5 43 
              +-- Schepmaniini   
  +-----------+                  
  |           +-- Pseudodontini  
--+                              
  |  +----------- Gonideini      
  |  |                           
  +--+        +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +-----+                  
     |  |     +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Ctenodesmina **   
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Rectidentina **   
           +--+                  
              +-- Contradentina **

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 5a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
13 13 11 3 23 21 5 45 
  +-------------------------- Chamberlainiini
  |                                          
  |                    +----- Ctenodesmina **   
--+  +-----------------+                     
  |  |                 |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  |                 +--+                  
  |  |                    +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                                       
     |                    +-- Schepmaniini   
     |  +-----------------+                  
     |  |                 +-- Pseudodontini  
     |  |                                    
     +--+                 +-- Inversidens    
        |  +--------------+                  
        |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                                 
           |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
           |  |                              
           +--+           +-- Gonidea        
              |  +--------+                  
              |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
              +--+                           
                 |  +-------- Parvasolenaia  
                 +--+                        
                    |  +----- Koreosolenaia  
                    +--+                     
                       |  +-- Postolata      
                       +--+                  
                          +-- Ptychorhynchus

Bolotov et al., 2022 [Publ 4250], fig. 8

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 1 37 11 3 44 
  +-- Pseudodontini
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Zieritz et al., 2026 [Publ 4812], fig. 2a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 1 0 0 0 46 
1

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 7A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
12 12 10 1 0 0 0 46 
1

Lopes-Lima et al., 2017 [Publ 3745], fig. 1-2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 6 2 69 17 4 48 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 27

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 7 2 0 0 0 51 
  +-- Ctenodesmina **
--+               
  +-- Rectidentina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 12

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
11 11 8 1 0 0 0 46 
1

Muanta et al., 2019 [Publ 3921], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 8 1 0 0 0 48 
1

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 25

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 1 0 0 0 49 
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2024 [Publ 4387], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
9 9 7 3 50 50 5 47 
     +-------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                        
  |  |  +----- Ctenodesmina **   
  |  +--+                     
  |     |  +-- Rectidentina **   
--+     +--+                  
  |        +-- Contradentina **  
  |                           
  |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Schepmaniini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Pseudodontini

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 49 9 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Gonideini      
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 18

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 7 1 0 0 0 53 
1

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 2_I

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 83 21 4 46 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2019 [Publ 3937], fig. 4-5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 49 9 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Gonideini      
        +--+                  
           +-- Pseudodontini

Wu et al., 2021 [Publ 4366], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
8 8 6 2 83 21 4 46 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4441], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 40 35 5 47 
           +----- Ctenodesmina **   
  +--------+                     
  |        |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |        +--+                  
--+           +-- Contradentina **  
  |                              
  |  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2019 [Publ 3911], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 12 2 2 1 1 50 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Pfeiffer et al., 2018 [Publ 3827], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 3 2 0 0 0 50.5 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4663], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 41 36 5 47 
           +----- Ctenodesmina **   
  +--------+                     
  |        |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |        +--+                  
--+           +-- Contradentina **  
  |                              
  |  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Dai et al., 2024 [Publ 4389], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 3 39 34 5 47 
           +----- Ctenodesmina **   
  +--------+                     
  |        |  +-- Rectidentina **   
  |        +--+                  
--+           +-- Contradentina **  
  |                              
  |  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  +--+                           
     |  +-------- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                        
        |  +----- Gonideini      
        +--+                     
           |  +-- Schepmaniini   
           +--+                  
              +-- Pseudodontini

Pfeiffer et al., 2021 [Publ 4126], fig. 30

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
7 7 5 1 0 0 0 49 
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 29 29 4 50 
           +-- Contradentina **  
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Rectidentina **   
--+                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Zieritz et al., 2016 [Publ 3804], fig. S2-1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 1 0 0 0 53 
1

Jeratthitikul et al., 2021 [Publ 4219], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 28 28 4 50 
           +-- Contradentina **  
  +--------+                  
  |        +-- Rectidentina **   
--+                           
  |  +-------- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Gonideini      
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Chamberlainiini
        +--+                  
           +-- Lamprotulini

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S1_1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 3 2 70 25 4 51 
  +-- Contradentina **
--+                
  +-- Rectidentina **

Jeratthitikul et al., 2022 [Publ 4260], fig. S2_2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
6 6 4 2 70 25 4 50 
  +-- Rectidentina ** 
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Lopes-Lima et al., 2020 [Publ 4080], fig. 2-4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 0 2 117 28 4 52 
  +-- Lens **     
  |            
  +-- Ensidens ** 
  |            
--+-- Physunio ** 
  |            
  +-- Rectidens **
  |            
  +-- Yaukthwa **

Bolotov et al., 2019 [Publ 3974], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 1 13 0 0 51 
1

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-BI

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 40 38 4 49 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
  |                    +-- Rectidentina **   
--+  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Contradentina **  
  |  |                                    
  +--+  +----------------- Inversidens    
     |  |                                 
     |  |              +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  +--------------+                  
     +--+              +-- Lamprotulini   
        |                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 3-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
5 5 3 2 40 38 4 49 
  +----------------------- Pseudodontini  
  |                                       
  |                    +-- Rectidentina **   
--+  +-----------------+                  
  |  |                 +-- Contradentina **  
  |  |                                    
  |  |              +----- Inversidens    
  +--+  +-----------+                     
     |  |           |  +-- Chamberlainiini
     |  |           +--+                  
     |  |              +-- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                                 
        |  +-------------- Sinosolenaia   
        |  |                              
        |  |        +----- Gonidea        
        +--+  +-----+                     
           |  |     |  +-- Leguminaia     
           |  |     +--+                  
           |  |        +-- Microcondylaea 
           +--+                           
              |        +-- Koreosolenaia  
              |  +-----+                  
              |  |     +-- Parvasolenaia  
              +--+                        
                 |  +----- Postolata      
                 +--+                     
                    |  +-- Ptychorhynchus 
                    +--+                  
                       +-- Obovalis

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4383], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 16 14 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Contradentina **  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Dai et al., 2023 [Publ 4285], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 49 15 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Konopleva et al., 2017 [Publ 3807], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 27 6 1 52 
  +----- Pseudodontini
--+                   
  |  +-- Rectidentina ** 
  +--+                
     +-- Contradentina **

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3B

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 32 10 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4388], fig. 6

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 49 18 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Klymus et al., 2025 [Publ 4814], fig. 3A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 32 10 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8b_S2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 88 17 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 3_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 137 22 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-nt

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 92 16 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2015 [Publ 3620], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 36 10 3 52 
        +-- Rectidentina ** 
  +-----+                
  |     +-- Contradentina **
--+                      
  |  +----- Pseudodontini
  +--+                   
     |  +-- Gonideini    
     +--+                
        +-- Lamprotulini

Matos et al., 2024 [Publ 4384], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 16 14 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Contradentina **  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2026 [Publ 4811], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 92 24 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2024 [Publ 4350], fig. 8a_S1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 88 17 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zhang et al., 2024 [Publ 4397], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 23 21 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Dai et al., 2025 [Publ 4440], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 84 16 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Contradentina **  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Chen et al., 2025 [Publ 4448], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 82 14 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-M_4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 19 8 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Contradentina **  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Wu et al., 2023 [Publ 4339], fig. 4_S5-aa

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 92 16 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zieritz et al., 2026 [Publ 4812], fig. 7a

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 1 1 0 0 0 52 
1

Campbell & Lydeard, 2026 [Publ 4810], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 43 11 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Rectidentina **   
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Pseudodontini  
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Lamprotulini   
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zieritz et al., 2021 [Publ 4231], fig. 3-F_5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
4 4 2 2 44 13 4 50 
  +----------- Chamberlainiini
  |                           
--+        +-- Contradentina **  
  |  +-----+                  
  |  |     +-- Rectidentina **   
  +--+                        
     |  +----- Lamprotulini   
     +--+                     
        |  +-- Pseudodontini  
        +--+                  
           +-- Gonideini

Zieritz et al., 2024 [Publ 4381], fig. 6A

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
3 3 1 1 0 0 0 51 
1

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 5

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 3

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Hoeh et al., 2009 [Publ 2716], fig. 4

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 45 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Pfeiffer & Graf, 2013 [Publ 3531], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 30 10 4 -- 
  +-------- Chamberlainiini
  |                        
--+     +-- Gonideini      
  |  +--+                  
  |  |  +-- Pseudodontini  
  +--+                     
     |  +-- Contradentina **  
     +--+                  
        +-- Lamprotulini

Graf & Cummings, 2006 [Publ 1968], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 46 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-ML

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
  +-- Pseudodontini
--+                
  +-- Contradentina **

Smith, 2021 [Publ 4331], fig. 1

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 19 2 2 -- 
  +----- Chamberlainiini
--+                     
  |  +-- Contradentina **  
  +--+                  
     +-- Lamprotulini

Graf, 2002 [Publ 2651], fig. 2

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 17 3 2 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **

Whelan et al., 2011 [Publ 3380], fig. 1-MP

iTtTbiriSoTroTroSiD
1 1 0 1 35 5 3 -- 
-- Lens_contradens **