Bivalvia | Unionida | Unionoidea | Unionidae | Ambleminae | Lampsilini | Toxolasma

species Toxolasma paulum (Lea, 1840): synonymy

8 specimens

Synonymy

Unio paulus Lea, 1840

Lea, 1840. Proc. Amer. Phil. Soc. 1: 287.
Lea, 1842. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 8 [O. 3]: 213 [51], pl. 15, fig. 29.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE (MONOTYPY) USNM_85274, Columbus, Ga.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900)
Eurynia (Carunculina) paula — Ortmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulus — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), Breton et al. (2011), ITIS (2012), Haag (2012), Chase et al. (2018), Stewart et al. (2021)
Toxolasma paulum — Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024), FMCS (2025)

Unio minor Lea, 1843

Lea, 1843. [privately published sheet]: [1].
Lea, 1845. Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. 9 [O. 4]: 276 [34], pl. 39, fig.3.
(homonym of Unio margaritifer var. minor Rossmässler, 1835)
Type(s): FIGURED SPECIMEN USNM_85310, L George, Fla.

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina minor — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina paula — Clench & Turner (1956)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)
Toxolasma minor — Breton et al. (2011)

Unio germanus Lea, 1861

Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 40.
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 49 [53], pl. 19, fig. 54.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85296, Coosa R., Ala.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva — Burch (1975)
Toxolasma germanus — Williams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma paulum — MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio granulatus Lea, 1861

Lea, 1861. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 13: 60 [as ‘granulatis’].
Lea, 1866. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 11]: 48 [52], pl. 16, fig. 46.
(correct name for Unio granulatis Lea, 1861)
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85297, Big Prairie Cr., Ala.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina paula — Haas (1969)
Toxolasma granulatus — Williams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma paulum — Bieler (2021), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio cromwellii Lea, 1865

Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 258 [18], pl. 31, fig. 73.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85280, Kiokee Creek, near Albany, Georgia.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio marginis Lea, 1865

Lea, 1865. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 17: 89.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 255 [15], pl. 31, fig. 69.
Type(s): HOLOTYPE USNM_85295, Blue Springs, Georgia.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900)
Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio corvinus Lea, 1868

Lea, 1868. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 20: 144.
Lea, 1868. Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci. 6 [O. 12]: 310 [70], pl. 48, fig. 123.
Type(s): FIGURED SYNTYPE USNM_85277, Flint R., Ga.

Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)
Toxolasma paulus — Brim Box & Williams (2000)
Toxolasma paulum — Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), MolluscaBase (2024)

Unio stearnsii B.H. Wright, 1888

B.H. Wright, 1888. Check List N. Amer. Unionidae etc.: [5]. [nomen nudum]
Type(s): NOMEN NUDUM ANSP_56495, Blue Spring Landing, St. John’s R., Fla.

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina paula — Clench & Turner (1956)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975)

Taxonomic History (since 1900)

Lampsilis (sec. Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germanus — Simpson (1900)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) cromwellii — Simpson (1900), Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paulus — Simpson (1900)
Unio (s.s.) parvus — Call (1900)
Unio (s.s.) glans — Call (1900)
Eurynia (Carunculina) paula — Ortmann (1912)
Lampsilis (Eurynia) minor — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) germana — Simpson (1914)
Lampsilis (Carunculina) paula — Simpson (1914)
Carunculina paula — Frierson (1927), Clench & Turner (1956), Haas (1969)
Carunculina minor — Frierson (1927), Haas (1969)
Carunculina parva — R.I. Johnson (1972), Burch (1975), R.I. Johnson (1980)
Toxolasma paulus — Turgeon et al. (1988), Williams et al. (1993), Turgeon et al. (1998), Lydeard et al. (1999), Brim Box & Williams (2000), Graf & Cummings (2007), Cummings & Graf (2010), Breton et al. (2011), ITIS (2012), Haag (2012), Chase et al. (2018), Stewart et al. (2021)
Toxolasma paulum — Lee (2006), Williams et al. (2008), Bogan (2010), Williams et al. (2011), Williams et al. (2014), Williams et al. (2017), Graf & Cummings (2021), Bieler (2021), FMCS (2021), Hopper et al. (2023), MolluscaBase (2024), FMCS (2025)
Toxolasma germanus — Williams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma granulatus — Williams et al. (2008)
Toxolasma minor — Breton et al. (2011)